司法行政

Hereby, on the one hand fact review should reflect the judicial function that judicial authority should oversee the administrative affirmance of facts, on the other hand judicial authority should scrupulously abide by the limit and the standard of review to the affirmance of fact administrative organs have made.

因此，一方面事实审查应当体现司法审查职能，对行政机关的事实判断必须进行审查；另一方面法院对行政机关认定事实的审查应恪守一定的限度和遵从一定的标准。

The author believes that the establishment of appellee s responsibility for quoting evidence will play a very important part in protecting accuser s rights and guaranteeing the judicial review.

笔者认为，被告举证责任制度的确立和进一步完善将对行政主体依法行使职权、行政相对方合法权益的保护及保障法院司法审查的顺利进行起到重要的推动作用。

A Take all necessary legislative, administrative and other measures to prohibit and eliminate prejudicial treatment on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity at every stage of the judicial process, in civil and criminal proceedings and all other judicial and administrative proceedings which determine rights and obligations, and to ensure that no one's credibility or character as a party, witness, advocate or decision-maker is impugned by reason of their sexual orientation or gender identity

a采取所有必要的立法、行政和其他措施，以确保在审判程式的各个阶段中，在民事和刑事诉讼程式和所有其他确定权利和责任的司法和行政程式中禁止和消除基於性倾向或性别认同的不公平待遇，以及确保任何人作为当事人、证人、律师或决裁决者的信用或角色不因其性倾向或性别认同而受到非难

The executive clemency is an administrative system,which interfering in the justice in America.

美国行政赦免制度是美国行政干预司法的制度。

Inducting Elisor Surveillance made the administrative involved people got the right to stick up for oneself's right and supervise influence in going to court.

从只可"官告民"到也可"民告官"，司法监督的引入，让行政相对人有权通过起诉维护自身权利和监督行政权力。

China' s entry to WTO offered an opportunity to broaden the jurisdictional range of administrative litigation.

中国已加入WTO，这也给扩大我国行政诉讼法的受案范围提供了一个外在的契机，根据WTO规则的要求，对政府的终局性行政决定和部分抽象行政行为可提起司法审查。

The basically frame of the thesis is:1 behave and specialty of joining the WTO to Chinese political development"s influencing(1) Acting each other of economy and politics(2) Influence and exhibition of political development(3) Total characteristic of Chinese political development taking on after joining the WTO.2 New challenge to Chinese political development after joining the WTO(1) Increase of participate in politics and grade of democratization(2) Adapting to the WTO"s economy of legal system(3) Again orientation of government and market(4) Rebirth of ad minis rational culture(5) Removing system"s obstacle, ensuring efficient unblocked of circulate mechanism(6) Maintenance of national3 countermeasure of Chinese political development after joining WTO(1) Thought of guidance(2) Strengthen legislation of nation, carry through justice innovation(3) Pouter"s choice of Chinese characteristic democracy(4) Criterion in reason of government"s power, advancing to degree of science decision-making(5) Government management mode"s transformation(6) Pushing advanced view of administrational value

论文基本框架如下：一、入世对中国政治发展影响的表现及特点经济与政治的互动入世对政治发展的影响和表现入世后中国政治发展呈现的总的特点二、加入WTO后，对中国政治发展提出的新挑战政治参与民主化程度的提高适应们的法制经济政府与市场的重新定位行政文化观更新排除体制性障碍，保证运行机制的高效畅通国家利益的维护三、加入们后，中国政治发展的对策指导思想加强国内立法，进行司法改革有中国特色的民主政治的路径选择政府权力合理规范，提高诀策科学化程度转变政府管理方式推行先进的行政价值观

The universal suability is a red thread between administrative act and administrative litigation,that makes citizen to take legal proceedings against the administrative organs and courts to supervise the administrative power possible.

可诉性是贯穿于行政行为与行政诉讼的一条红线，它使公民行政诉权的行使与法院对行政权的司法审查成为可能，具有普遍适用性。

During the amending process, we should implement the principle of primacy of protecting the citizens' legal rights and emphasize studying and solving the following subjects regarding the systematical innovation and improvement in order to protect the citizens' legal rights effectively: protecting the citizens' legal rights should be the leading purpose of the legislation of administrative litigation; the principle of judicial ultimacy should be abided in the mechanism of solving administrative disputes; the scopes of accepting cases, participants and relieves in administrative litigation should be broadened; and both fairness and efficiency should be considered in the legislation of administrative litigation.

在修法过程中必须顺应行政法治发展的世界潮流，注重研究解决如下制度创新与改进的课题：行政争议解决机制应坚持司法最终性，应扩大行政诉讼受案范围、行政诉讼参加人范围和行政诉讼救济范围，行政诉讼立法应兼顾公平与效率，以更有效地保护公民合法权益。

Final administrative decisions in any of the procedures referred to under paragraph 4 shall be subject to review by a judicial or quasi-judicial authority.

经本条第4款所指的任何程序做出的终局行政决定，均应接受司法或准司法当局的审查。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。