司法行政

Administrative omission is one part of administrative act and administrative omission illegality is an important part of administrative illegality.

行政不作为是行政行为的一种，行政不作为违法是行政违法理论的重要组成部分，对行政不作为违法进行司法的最终救济，能够充分保护当事人的合法权益。

The present study of the relations between China s entering into WTO and the system of administrative remedy is still not deep To perfect the system of administrative remedy, we should take the influence of entering into WTO on the government action as the starting point, meet the requirements of the market economy, and change the traditional mode of government action Following measures should be included First, to perfect the system of administrative remedy from the aspects of the institution of lett...

关于我国加入WTO与行政救济制度的关系，目前的研究比较表面化。应当以加入WTO对政府活动的影响为出发点，以市场经济体制对政府提出的要求以及政府活动方式的一系列转变为基础，完善行政救济制度。具体包括：一是从信访制度、行政纠纷的司法审查前置程序和行政补偿三方面完善行政救济制度体系；二是要在救济制度的规则方面强调裁判机构的中立性。

Law is superior to administrative power, the constitution has the highest authority, and person or group should not outmatch the law; democratic legislation requires that the legislative body should be born of universal and periodic elections and its main tasks include setting up laws and supervising the administration; judicial branch is independent and has high position and authority, also practises judicial review to prevent arbitrary violation of the constitution; check and balance institutions among different branches of the government to prevent that a single branch has too much or monopolistic power.

现代法治虽无划一的模式，各国历史条件和文化传统也存在诸多差别，但所采取的基本原则和制度大体一致，主要是法律大于行政权力，宪法具有至高无上的权威，任何人和团体不得凌驾于法律之上；立法民主，由拥有广泛代表性和定期选举阐述的立法机构制定法律、监督行政；司法独立、拥有崇高地位和权威，并且实行防止随意违宪的司法审查制度；政府各权力机构间实行牵制与平衡，以防止单个机构权力过大。

The concept of suability is for the legalact.The suability of administrative act,which is one of the fundamental standards to distinguish the administrvtive act,means that the administrative act of administrative subject will be reviewed by courts at certain circumstances.This was ignored in the academic fields of our state in the past.

可诉性是指法律行为的可诉性，行政行为的可诉性是指行政主体作出的行政行为在一定条件下可诉诸法院司法审查的一种本质属性，这是判断行政行为的一个根本标准；过去，我国学界对行政行为特性的认识却忽视了这一点。

The concept of suability is for the legal act.The suability of administrative act,which is one of the fundamental standards to distinguish the administrvtive act,means that the administrative act of administrative subject will be reviewed by courts at certain circumstances.This was ignored in the academic fields of our state in the past.

可诉性是指法律行为的可诉性，行政行为的可诉性是指行政主体作出的行政行为在一定条件下可诉诸法院司法审查的一种本质属性，这是判断行政行为的一个根本标准；过去，我国学界对行政行为特性的认识却忽视了这一点。

According to the general principles of constitutionalism, legislation, administration and judicature have different properties in public law and different features in the degree of openness and activity. To really realize governance by law, flexible choices should be made between formal positivism and formal passivism according to the different properties and features of legislation, administration and judicature, which altogether depends on the CCP's putting itself in a modest position. Only in this way can the ultimate conception of the harmonious combination of political and legal values of governance by law come into reality.

从宪政的一般原理上看，立法、行政与司法在公法上具有不同的性质，并且在开放性、能动性等方面具有不同的特性，要真正实现依法执政就必须依照立法、行政与司法的不同性质与特点在形式积极主义与形式消极主义间进行灵活选择，而这一切端赖于中国共产党的自我谦抑立场，如此方可实现将依法执政的政治价值与法治价值这两种不同的价值目标进行和谐统合的终极构想。

Through legislation or prejudication of the court, most countries build up their characteristic standards on judicial review of administrative acts, and generally set up judicial review system to restrict the use of administrative discretion.

大多数国家都通过立法或法院判例确立了各具特色的对行政行为进行司法审查的标准，并普遍设立了司法审查制度，对行政自由裁量权的行使进行制约。

However, Japan abandons the strict restriction of administrative scope and subsumes administrativeguidance in to eo-ordinate the interaction among the flexibility of administration,the protection of civil rightsand judicial review.

然而，日本放弃对行政行为严格的概念主义的理解，将之导入司法审查，以协调行政的灵活性、公民权利的保护和司法监督的互动关系。

A comparative research on the ombudsmen institution may undertake in two aspects :One is the comparative research on norms, such as qualifications, organs, mechanisms, jurisdictions and power limits; Another is the comparative research on functions, namely, its special characteristics and indisplaceable status are demonstrated through the comparative study between the ombudsman institution and the parliament supervision, the judicial supervision and the internal supervision.

行政监察专员制度的比较研究可以从两个方面进行：一是进行规范比较，即对行政监察专员的任职资格、组织机构、运行机制、职责范围、权力界限等进行系统的、全面的比较分析；二是进行功能比较，矾究和阐述行政监察专员制度与议会监督机制、司法救济机制、行政机关内部救济机制的关系，从中总结出行政监察专员制度的独特品质及其无可替代的地位与功能。

After systematicallyinvestigating relations between judicature and administration in Continental and Commonlaw system,the article points out that Anglo-American judicial review is in nature a kindof appellate review and intensity of judicial review is weak whereas administrativelitigation of continental legal system is akin to the administration and intensity of judicialreview is strong.

文章系统地考察了英美和大陆两大法系行政与司法的关系，指出英美司法审查本质是一种上诉审，法院的审查强度相对要弱；而大陆法系的行政诉讼具有类似行政的性质，法院的审查强度比英美强大。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了