司法行政

The thesis will begin with the introduction of counterpart of English judicial review. According to the unscramble of counterpart prejudication in the history of Britain, I will abstract the logic category of "administrative discretion------the principle of reasonableness", and based on the logic category, I will point out that if want to justify the review of court on the administrative discretion such as "misuse of authority"and "apparently inequitable administrative punishment", we must induct the principle of reasonableness. And based on the material of concrete cases, I will analyze that there still are states of unreasonable execution of administrative discretion in the rest representations of unlawfulness in the 54th provision of our statute law of administrative litigation.

本文首先考察英国合理性审查原则的相关制度，通过解读英国历史上重要相关判例，提炼出"行政裁量权——合理性审查原则"这一逻辑规范范畴，并以此范畴为切入视角，指出，要在理论上正当化法院对"滥用职权"和"显失公正行政处罚"等行政裁量权的司法审查，必须引入合理性审查原则，并以具体案例为材料，通过分析得出，在《行政诉讼法》第54 条的其他违法表现形式中，都有行政裁量权不合理行使的情形存在，并指出，产生这种现象的原因是，《行政诉讼法》第54 条规定的七种违法表现形式采取的是不同的分类标准。

As there is the difference between the judicial review about the administrative affirmance of facts in administrative litigation and the review about the affirmance of facts in civil litigation and criminal litigation and there is the difference between the judicial review and the administrative affirmance of facts, on the premise of the necessary respect for the administrative affirmance of facts, courts should, based on whether the process of the administrative affirmance of facts and the putative facts is rational or not, adopt different judicial review standard to the different generic problem of administrative facts .

正由于法院在行政诉讼中对行政机关认定事实的司法审查，有别于刑事、民事诉讼的事实认定，行政诉讼中的事实审查也不同于行政机关的事实认定，因此，法院应当在尊重行政机关对事实问题所作出判断的基础上，以行政机关认定事实过程及其推定的事实是否合理为基点，针对个案具体情形的差异，采用不同的审查标准，对不同类的行政事实问题予以审查。

By using the law system abroad for reference,we can adopt the method of enumeration or exclusion to define the concept of public interests in a scientific way,and to integrate both the principle of public interests and reasonable compensati on;by the intervention of judicature,practicing government blench system,the judicial offices accept and hear the cases of the p...

借鉴国外的法律制度，我国行政征用制度应以列举或排除的方法，对公共利益作出科学的界定，实行公共利益原则与合理补偿原则有机结合；通过司法介入估价，实行政府回避制度，由司法机关直接受理拆迁人与被拆迁人之间的房屋拆迁财产纠纷，使我国行政征用制度更加完善。

"Applicable Law" means any national, federal, state or local law, statuute, rule, regulation, ordinance, order, decree, directive, requirement, code, notice or rule of common law, now or in the future in effect, and in each case as amended or re-enacted from time to time, and legislation supplemental to it, and any judicial or administrative interpretation of it by a Governmental Authority or otherwise, including any judicial or administrative order, determination, consent, decree or judgment applicable to or having jurisdiction over, as the context requires, XXXXXXXX and "Applicable Laws" shall be construed accordingly

"适用法律"是指任何现在或将来有效的国家、联邦、州或当地的法律、法规、法则、规定、条例、法令、政令、指示、要求、法典、通知或普通法的规定，和在一段时期内修改的、重新颁布实施的、立法补充的、政府机构作出的任何司法或行政的解释，或包括其它任何司法或行政的命令、决定、同意、法令或，将按照上文的规定，适用于或对于XXXXXXX，具有管辖权的判决；而"该等适用法律"将须据此解释；总觉得"适用法律"的翻译很是别扭！"适用法律"是动词词组，而applicable law则是名词词组！cnki 则有三种译法：准据法，法律适用，适用法律

Article 49 If the Company or any of its directors, supervisors, senior executives, shareholders, de facto controller or purchaser is subject to the investigation by the competent organ, the compulsory measure given by the justice and discipline department, the transfer to the justice organ, the criminal liability given by the justice organ, the audit by the CSRC, the administrative punishment, ban from the stock market, the confirmation as an improper person by the CSRC, the punishment by any other administrative department or the public denouncement by the stock exchange, the Company shall offer reasons and conclusions.

第四十九条公司及其董事、监事、高级管理人员、公司股东、实际控制人、收购人如在报告期内有受有权机关调查、司法纪检部门采取强制措施、被移送司法机关或追究刑事责任、中国证监会稽查、中国证监会行政处罚、证券市场禁入、认定为不适当人选被其他行政管理部门处罚及证券交易所公开谴责的情形，应当说明原因及结论。

Using the theory of nomology and administrative law, this article introduces the basic concept, legal character and systematic value of the compulsory insurance system of motor vehicle traffic accident, expounds the present administrative legal system on compulsory insurance of motor vehicle.

本文通过运用法理学和行政法学理论，介绍了机动车交通事故强制保险的基本概念、法律特征和制度价值，阐述了我国针对机动车强制保险的现有行政法律制度，结合执法实际科学剖析了我国机动车交通事故强制保险制度中存在的行政立法滞后、现实执法操作困难等问题，并从完善立法规定、改进执法方式、强化司法救济等层面就完善我国机动车交通事故强制保险制度提出了初步的意见和建议，并强调要以科学公正的法治手段为依托，通过建立完备的立法、守法、执法、司法等法治体系，以适应机动车第三者责任保险模式转型条件下的新型社会要求。

In the third part , the author defines the legitimation of the judicial review to the abstract action . the author analyses the experience of constitutionalism of typic foreign countries and the defects of the devised control system to the abstract actions in china , and deems that it is necessary to establish the system of judicial review to the abstract action

第三部分&具体制度的建构：对抽象行政行为的司法审查&，在对中国现行司法审查制度评价的基础上，通过对抽象行政行为进行司法审查的必要性和优越性以及西方发达国家对抽象行政行为的审查机制的分析，明确在中国构建对抽象行政行为进行司法审查制度的正当性。

In allusion to the current situation that the administrative reconsideration law is implemented unsatisfiedly in China, it is necessary to set the principle of adverse alteration prohibition in administrative reconsideration procedure in accordance with the judicial remedy procedure and alien administrative remedy practice. The principle has its special meaning, character and applying rules. It doesn't disobey the legal principle of current constitution and governmental organic law and the principle o...

针对目前我国行政复议法实施不尽人意的现状，有必要参照司法救济程序和域外的行政救济实践，在我国行政复议程序中确立不利变更禁止原则；行政复议中的不利变更禁止原则有其特定的含义、特征和适用规则；在行政复议程序中确立不利变更禁止原则并不违背现行宪法和政府组织法的立法宗旨，也不会冲击依法行政原则，相反，却有利于保护行政相对人的复议申请权和充分发挥行政复议制度的功能。

Terry Norris of the Georgia Sheriffs' Association cites a man who was convicted of statutory rape two decades ago for having consensual sex with his high-school sweetheart, to whom he is now married.

乔治亚州司法行政长官协会的Terry Norris举了一个例子，20年前一个男孩因为和高中时的情人发生了自愿的性行为而被判处了强奸罪，现在他已经结婚了。

If Murmansk's claim to the ship was upheld, Wally Edwards would get none of the $100,000,and might be stuck for $14,000 in sheriff's costs.

如果莫尔曼斯克公司对该货轮拥有所有权的主张得到支持，沃利·爱德华就无法从十万美元的保险金中获取分文，而且也会因还得缴付其司法行政长官的公务费一万四千美元而陷于困境。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了