司法的

In order to fulfill the judiciary purpose of settling disputes and retaining social stability, judiciary justice should be authoritatively established.

司法公正是司法工作的最高理念，但绝非司法职能的最终目的。司法职能的终极目标是指国家确立司法制度的初衷或意图。

Where a judicial authenticator proposes to recuse himself or herself, the judicial authentication institution employing him or her shall decide it, where a client requests the recusal of a judicial authenticator, the client shall propose it to the judicial authentication institution employing the authenticator, and the judicial authentication institution shall decide it.

司法鉴定人自行提出回避的，由其所属的司法鉴定机构决定；委托人要求司法鉴定人回避的，应当向该鉴定人所属的司法鉴定机构提出，由司法鉴定机构决定。

The emergence of the corruption and seeking-lease is related to the executive authoritys" stepping into the market, the problem of Judicial fairness mainly results from the factor that the Judical bremch is intervered by the illegal executive rights, party"s illegal privileges and the innet irregulation coming from the judical branch itself, so Judicial unfairness even Judicial corruption arose.

司法公正问题主要是司法权受到行政权和党的干扰以及司法体系内部问题影响，导致司法不公甚至司法腐败。

At the same time, it's necessarily that restriction should be setted in the process of the media supervision, because that there is repellency between the freedom of press and judicial independence, and differencebetween the run mechanism of media and court.

同时，新闻自由与司法独立一定程度上的排斥性，新闻媒体与司法审判各自运行机制的对立性，过分强调媒体监督对司法公正和司法权威的损害性，决定了对新闻媒体监督司法审判必须进行合理的限制。

Modern courts include of modern philosophy, modern judicial mainstay, modern justice system and modern judicial equipment. Although we have made remarkable achievements in the last thirty years, due to various reasons, court reform still has obstacles: unfull theory, the delay of concept, local and administrative court, popular judges.

现代化法院包括现代司法理念、现代司法主体、现代司法机制及现代司法装备四个构成方面，虽然最近30年的人民法院改革取得了显著成果，但由于种种原因，法院改革还存在一定障碍：理论准备不充分、观念滞后化、法院地方化、行政化以及法官大众化。

The Fourth part concludes the article with the inspirations based on the game analysis, which are changing corruption preferrence with honest and clean education; affecting payoff functions with improved supervision; circumscribing officers behavior with creative system; increasing bribery cost with changed laws; rebuilding linearity construction with triangle balance. The main points of the articles are as follows: 1. In methodology, there should be two paths for study of justice corruption----the therectical and demonstrative ways. 2. Confrontation of interests is the inner drive of interation between the players of justice corruption game. This drive pushes the orderly changes of justice corruption.

本文的基本观点包括：(1)在方法上，对司法腐败的研究应从思辩和实证两个角度著手，不应只强调思辩的作用；(2)利益的对抗性是司法腐败博弈的参与方互相发生作用的内在动力，这种动力推动了司法腐败的规律性变化；(3)任何司法官员都应首先被看成是一个社会中的&经济人&，有著自己的利益考量，而非物化的纯粹客体；(4)在司法腐败博弈中，案件性质、标的大小、&利益&种类、司法官员个人背景、行贿成本、受贿成本等因素都应受到足够的重视。

It is different from the past which treat the incentives of judiciaries as a subsidiary method of judiciaries' management or a subsidiary means of governance.

基于司法公正实质是一种社会信任，该信任来源于司法者的行为、信誉和特定制度，但现实中司法者亦会采取自利的方式行事，司法过程存在高昂代理成本，故决定了对司法者需要施以激励为核心的治理或管理。

Modem judicial system predetermines specific content of law texts and advocates judicial formalism. Legal reasoning becomes a basic approach to applying laws and making judgment; judicature holds a position of authority. It is a basis of judicial legitimacy to abide by rules of judicial procedures.

现代性语境中的司法制度预定法律文本具有确定性内容，崇尚司法形式主义，法律推理成为法官适用法律和作出判决的基本方法，司法具有权威性地位，对司法程序规则的恪守构成司法合法性基础。

The main factors to restrict realization of the aim of judicial explanation are limitations of explanatory means , inability of judges as principal part of explainers , pressure from groups of interests , lack of independence of justice and judges , no modem rule by law hi ideology and culture of law and effects of public opinion and human relationship ; therefore , the main ways to realize the aim of judicial explanation are to construct team of judges , enhance quality of judges , apply scientific explanatory means , state publicly judicial explanation , analyse reasons for judgement, reform judicial system of court, guarantee independence of judice and judges and cultivate civilian ideology of modem legal culture.

解释方法的局限性、作为解释主体的法官的素质的不适性、利益集团的压力、司法及法官缺乏应有的独立性、法律文化意识非现代法治性以及民意舆论和人情关系的影响是制约司法解释目标实现的主要因素；而建设法官队伍，提高法官的素质、运用科学合理的解释方法、公开表述司法解释，分析判决理由、改革法院司法体制，保障司法和法官的独立以及培育公民现代的法律文化意识是实现司法解释目标的最主要路径。

From the perspective of judicial modernization, by reviewing the hundred-year devious course of the judicial independence of China in the 20th century, the formation and establishment of the idea of the judicial independence in modern China has been outlined.

以司法现代化为视角，考察 2 0世纪中国司法独立的百年曲折历程，勾勒近现代中国司法独立思想的形成与确立；从清末变法修律这一司法现代化的历史起点，探讨中国司法独立的制度发端及其得失；分析其内在矛盾及其制约因素。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了