司法制度

This text regards the law angle as the breakthrough point and studies correspondence and visitation system, expounds the legal principle intension of the relevant concepts of correspondence and visitation system at first, pursues the developing history of it, then combining the current situation of letters and visits from the masses, analyses in depth the problem existing in correspondence and visitation at present, and points out completion measures and the direction of reforming the present relieve mechanism of justice of China, the communication mechanism of politics and correspondence and visitation system on the basis of taking foreign relevant experience for reference.

本文以法学视角为切入点研究信访制度，首先阐明了信访制度相关概念的法理内涵，探寻了我国信访发展历史，然后结合信访现状，深入分析了当前信访活动中存在的问题，指出在借鉴国外相关制度经验的基础上改革中国现有的司法救济机制，政治沟通机制以及信访制度自身的完善措施及改革方向。

By comparison of the company disbandment systems of various countries, we can find that the company disbandment system of our country is incomplete and not benefit for the protection of the shareholders' and creditors' rights and interests .

通过中外公司解散制度的比较，可以发现我国公司解散制度尚不十分完善，特别是司法强制解散公司制度的缺失和清算制度的不完善，不利于股东和公司债权人利益的保护。

By study on domestic and international experts systems comparativelyand theoretical analyses of basic categories relevant to experts system,this article has proposed the imagination of reconstructing our country'ssystem of experts, in the hope of offering theoretical foundation andsystem for the reform and perfection of our experts system, thus,contributing meagerly to overcoming the confused situation of appraisalin our country and safeguarding the justice and authority of judiciary.

本文在对鉴定人基础理论分析的基础上，通过比较国外鉴定人制度以及对我国民事诉讼中鉴定人现状的考察，提出了建构我国鉴定人制度的设想，以期为我国鉴定人制度的改革与完善提供理论依据和制度参考，为克服我国鉴定的混乱局面及维护司法的公正和权威贡献微薄之力。

By means of document searching and comparative study,the author of this thesis has defined the three essential elements of non-competence,i.e.confidentiality,valuableness and manageability,and analyzed their relevant contents.The author has also illustrated the differences between non-competence and confidentiality agreement,duty of loyalty and collateral obligation,and the conflicts in the rights of non...

本文主要采用文献查阅和比较研究的方法，提出对商业秘密界定的三要素，即秘密性、价值性和管理性，同时分析了三性的含义；阐述了竞业禁止的含义、特征、理论基础、其它国家竞业禁止制度的发展、竞业禁止的分类、竞业禁止与相关概念的区别、竞业禁止制度调整的权利冲突；通过分析，提出法定竞业禁止的义务主体应有条件的包括股东、雇员和监事；法律应明确法定竞业禁止义务的内容；对约定竞业禁止协议的效力确定标准，提出竞业禁止协议的合法性条件、合理性条件和影响竞业禁止协议效力的因素；结合我国立法对竞业禁止制度的具体规定，探讨了其存在的问题并提出了完善建议，以期能较全面和准确地把握我国的竞业禁止制度，并对我国的立法完善和司法实践有所助益。

In this paper I compare and study of pre-trial preparation outside the civil system and inspect the reform on the judicial practice and development of the system of pre-trial preparations of the thread, try to improve our pre-trial preparation process to find a feasible path, and the corresponding theoretical ideas. The main ideas are: First, in building a well-prepared pre-trial procedures, we must first solve the problem of litigation patterns" change and the introduction of partyism litigation concept; Second, establishing the indicting and replying procedures and replying losing rights rules, which are suitable for China"s national conditions; Third, redistributing the powers of judges and the parties and enhance the status of the main parties, further strengthen the parties evidence-gathering capability; Fourth, reshaping our mediation system.

本文比较研究了域外的民事审前准备制度，考察了我国司法实践中关于审前准备制度的改革和发展的脉络，力图找到完善我国审前准备程序的可行路径，并提出了相应的理论设想，主要有：第一，在我国构建完善的审前准备程序，首先要解决的问题是诉讼模式的转轨和当事人主义诉讼理念的引进；第二，确立适合我国国情的诉答程序以及答辩失权制度；第三，重新分配法官和当事人的权限，提升当事人的主体地位，进一步加强当事人的证据收集能力；第四，重塑我国的调解制度。

Chapter Five - In the umpty suggestions to consummate the civil liability of sponsors, based on the review on the status in quo of our country, and the reference on foreign civil liability system, to provide suggestions to the civil liability system of our country, include: definitude on the boundary of civil liability during sponsors, issuers and other agencies and investors; and extend the term and enhance the approach of undertaking of civil liability of sponsors through intensify the independence of the deputy of sponsors; to make legal cleaning in process, provide judicial explanation and consummate civil compensation mechanism of securities.

第五章完善我国保荐人民事责任制度的若干建议中，在考察我国保荐人民事责任制度的现状、借鉴境外民事责任制度经验的基础上，提出完善我国民事责任制度的建议：包括明确保荐人与发行人、其他中介机构及投资者的民事责任分界；通过增强保荐代表人独立性、延长保荐人的任期加强保荐人民事责任的承担途径；进行法律清理、推出司法解释以及完善证券民事责任赔偿机制。

For a compensation system for divorce damage, the following three areas should be properly denned:(1) reasons behind the establishment of such a system;(2) the functional roles that this system will play;(3) the applicability of this system in judicial practice.

离婚损害赔偿制度有以下三个问题必须明确：一是建立该制度的原因，二是该制度具有的功能作用，三是该制度在司法实践中的适用问题。

The paper assesses the functions of the People Jury System and then analyzes the People Jury System how playing a special role in eluminating the passive factors of the professionalizing of judges.

然后对我国施行人民陪审员制度的政治、经济及法律文化等背景特点作了分析，并进而阐述了我国人民陪审员制度的特点，着重分析了我国现行人民陪审员制度的缺陷，正是由于这些缺陷的存在，我国的人民陪审员制度在司法实际上处于一种名存实亡的困境。

Because of its historical tradition, policemen's overall qualities and occupational integrity , lacunas in our penal policy and criminal litigation system, idealistic reason and the reasons in the judicial practice , inquisition by torture has been existed in our country for a long time, and it is very difficult to be abolished.

本文采用实证调查和逻辑推理的方法，对我国司法实践中刑讯逼供的现状和危害进行了阐述，从历史传统观念、司法工作人员综合素质和职业操守、刑事政策和刑事诉讼制度缺陷和司法实践方面分析了刑讯逼供屡禁不止的原因。

Politic and statute play an important nole in adjusting economy,when economic entanglement affects the law,the law seems very important .

政治和法律是调节经济的重要杠杆，当这些经济的纠葛作用在法律上时，法律也就显的格外重要，尤其是在一个争议引起另一个争议的时候，调整民事诉讼的民事诉讼法就有着弥足珍贵的价值，而作为民事诉讼核心地位的第三人诉讼制度也就有着它举足轻重的意义，但是偏偏是这么一个重要的制度，我国的法律却存在着不健全，无论是法律条文还是在司法实践中，这么一个制度都没有发挥它应有的作用，甚至还在某种程度上阻碍了法制的进程，本论文就将在下面全面的剖析该项制度。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。