司法上的

The thesis will begin with the introduction of counterpart of English judicial review. According to the unscramble of counterpart prejudication in the history of Britain, I will abstract the logic category of "administrative discretion------the principle of reasonableness", and based on the logic category, I will point out that if want to justify the review of court on the administrative discretion such as "misuse of authority"and "apparently inequitable administrative punishment", we must induct the principle of reasonableness. And based on the material of concrete cases, I will analyze that there still are states of unreasonable execution of administrative discretion in the rest representations of unlawfulness in the 54th provision of our statute law of administrative litigation.

本文首先考察英国合理性审查原则的相关制度，通过解读英国历史上重要相关判例，提炼出"行政裁量权——合理性审查原则"这一逻辑规范范畴，并以此范畴为切入视角，指出，要在理论上正当化法院对"滥用职权"和"显失公正行政处罚"等行政裁量权的司法审查，必须引入合理性审查原则，并以具体案例为材料，通过分析得出，在《行政诉讼法》第54 条的其他违法表现形式中，都有行政裁量权不合理行使的情形存在，并指出，产生这种现象的原因是，《行政诉讼法》第54 条规定的七种违法表现形式采取的是不同的分类标准。

The paper, combined with definition of corruption crime, deprival of the profits from corruption, prescription of the international cooperation on anti-corruption in the "United Nations Convention against corruption "which is the first formal document of the United Nations guided the strive of anti-corruption, and crime of corruption, combating money laundering and the extensive crime prescribed in the domestic law of the States Parties to the "United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime", and international judicial assistance on basis of this convention, analyze the legislation of anti-corruption, existence of anti-corruption bodies, law enforcement and investigation cooperation under the background of China participation in international conventions.

重点结合作为联合国历史上第一部指导国际反腐败斗争的法律文件《联合国反腐败公约》中对腐败犯罪的界定、腐败利益的剥夺及反腐败国际合作问题的规定，以及《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》要求各缔约国在其国内法中将腐败行为、洗钱行为及其最广泛的上游犯罪规定为犯罪，并在此基础上开展国际司法合作，对中国在参与国际公约的背景下进行反腐立法、反腐机构的设置、执法及调查合作进行分析。

Counterclaim particularly belongs to one kind of joinder of actions,either in law making or in practice,if we can understand and master it's fundamental character and inherent law,it will be not only to help us to save litigants'costs as well as judicial resources,but also be able to avoid the possibility of any conflicts between judgments.

反诉属于一种较为典型的诉的合并，无论在立法上还是在实务上，正确地认识与把握反诉制度的基本属性与内在规律，就能够有利于实现节约当事人的诉讼成本、法院的司法资源，并且有助于避免裁判间的矛盾。

On the base of the right of subrogation in marine insurance, this paper will do the research from the point of view of action;on the base of existing stipulations and legal theories of the action of subrogation in marine insurance, maritime action and civil action, this paper will consult the foreign correlative theories;not only from the point of view of the legal theories, but also by consulting the cases and usual ways in judicature of our country, this paper will make the research more practical;this paper will also do the research by induction, organon and interests-comparing, etc.

本文将在海上保险代位求偿权制度的基础上，从诉讼角度展开较为系统的研究；在我国现有的海上保险代位求偿诉讼、海事诉讼以及民事诉讼的法律规定和法律理论的基础上，参考国外相关的法律理论，对海上保险代位求偿诉讼的法律问题进行较为系统的研究；不仅从理论的角度，还要参考我国司法实践中的相关案例和通常做法，使得对海上保险代位求偿诉讼的法律问题的研究更贴近实务，更具有实际操作性；运用归纳、推理的逻辑方法，采用利益比较等具体方法，对海上保险代位求偿诉讼的法律问题进行了较为全面的研究。

As the current law lack of the provisions on the associational autonomy,...

本文从对行业协会自治权的法律分析入手，研究行业协会自治权的范围、性质、权力来源、内容等问题，并在此基础上探讨对行业协会自治权进行法律规范的必要性，在现行法律规定的基础上提出了对行业协会自治权进行法律监督的完善措施，包括制定统一的《行业协会法》及建立对行业协会自治行为的司法审查机制。

The third, according to the distinction theory, it is necessary to inspect law as a bad man to find out what consequence it will bring to us. In another word, the prophecies of what the court will do in fact, and nothing more pretentious, are what I mean by the law. In the gradation of practice, it is the practical use of distinction theory on the practice of law to use the external standard to judge the establishment of liability, which makes the practical value of the theory more clear.

第三，基于这一分离理论，我们有必要从一个坏人而非好人的角度审视法律、审视法律可能会带给自己的后果，即把法律看作是&法院事实上将做什么的预言，而不是其他什么东西&；就实践层面而言，在责任成立与否的判断上运用外在标准则是将法律与道德分离理论应用到了司法实践上，更加凸显了分离理论的实践意义。

A quasi-complete council has the advantage of being a real representation of the whole Church, while a sparsely attended one is only so in law, ie the few members present legally represent the many absent, but only represent their juridical power, their ordinary power not being representable.

一个准完成安理会的优势，作为一个真正代表整个教会，而稀疏的出席，一个是只有这样，在法律上，即有数位议员，目前在法律上代表了很多缺席，但只能代表他们的司法权力，他们的普通电源不

Its aim is turning from anti-jamming to trust-winning.

在目标上，我国司法体制改革面临着从&抗干扰&到&获信赖&的转向。

The following legislative suggestions on the legislative orientation to govern international parallel proceedings are provided: properly establishing the standard of the jurisdiction in international civil litigation and insisting on the international coordination of jurisdiction in civil litigation involving foreign elements, drawing up the principle of initially accepting a case and the doctrine of lis alibi pendens, carefully applying form non convenience principle and properly laying down the standards of the contractual jurisdiction.

指出了目前我国关于此方面法律制度规定上存在的方法单一、过分强调司法主权原则等问题。

In the history of the English legal system,the judicial reform of Henry II is considered as a historic transformation exerting significant and far-reaching influence.

亨利二世司法改革是英国法制史上一次影响巨大而深远的历史变革。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。