叶状

It contains quadratic photosynthetic chamber and columned soil fixing body, wherein soil fixing body of canopy leaf chamber bottom set with knob basal portion being corrugation notch, capable of easy inserting amboceptor in soil to form inclosed canopy leaf chamber, amboceptor upper port inosculation with photosynthetic chamber lower wall round opening to make canopy leaf chamber intracavity forming one integral, photosynthetic chamber upper wall sealed by two side glue and photosynthetic film to ensure photosynthetic chamber steady light permeability, photosynthetic chamber sidewall installed one small size fan controlled by external battery and switch, fan capable of rapid making canopy leaf chamber gaseous reaching equalization.

本发明涉及一种用于测定植物冠层群体光合作用的冠层叶室，由正方形的光合室和圆柱状的土壤固定体两部分结合而成，冠层叶室下部土壤固定体设有把手，基部为波纹状切口，可以很容易地把固定体插入土壤中形成密闭的冠层叶室，固定体上口与光合室底壁的圆形开口吻合，使冠层叶室的内腔形成一个整体；光合室顶壁用双面胶和光合薄膜密封，以保证光合室稳定的透光性能；光合室侧壁内安装一个小型风扇，由装在侧壁外的电池和开关控制，风扇可使冠层叶室内的气体迅速达到平衡。

As a result of analysis to many of the results of experiment, checked up on specimens, field investigation and combining with the theories of palaeobotany, comparative morphology, evolutional morphology of vascular plants and taxonomy, it can be concluded as following: the primitive sorts of Cycadaceae are the sorts that pinnate leafs are dichotomy; among these, the sort that pinnate leafs are tripinnate-dichotomy is most primitive, from this sort gradually evolve to bipinnate-dichotomy, to only for monopinnate-dichotomy, from this sort evolve to the sorts that pinnate leafs are simply pinna; among the sorts of simply pinna, the species that segments of megasporophyll possess much more triplicate to monodichotomy are most primitive.

经过大量的实验结果分析、查阅标本和野外调查，结合古植物学、比较形态学、演化植物学和分类学等理论进行分析，认为苏铁科原始的类型为羽叶呈二歧状分叉的种类，其中最原始的又是羽叶呈三回二歧状分叉的种类，从这个羽叶类型逐渐演化出一回二歧状分叉的羽叶类型，再演化出羽叶为单羽状的类型；而单羽状叶的类群中，又以大孢子叶侧裂片具三回、二回及一回二歧状分叉数量多的种类为最原始，而侧裂片二歧状分叉数量少的为较进化，侧裂片无二歧分叉的如拳叶苏铁类为最进化的种类。

Leaves dimorphic: juvenile leaves needlelike or linear; adult leaves needlelike or scalelike, less than 5 mm.

叶二形：幼叶针状的或线形；老叶针状或者鳞片状，不到5毫米 2

Foliaceous profound change is simple, shape pouring egg grows a circle, or wrap around needle form; Arteries and veins of exterior midrib, side and net arteries and veins fall greatly sunken and show wave state thick lines, young when body of the gland that be mixed by maize wool, the nervation below is protuberant, close by the fallow thick hair that comprises to astral shape wool by bunch shape wool by, constitute the adornment pattern with one luxuriant leaf, accordingly " annals of picture of plant of high mountain eyebrow " make knit Xie Dujuan again.

叶厚革质，倒卵状长圆形，或倒披针形；表面的中脉。侧脉和网脉深下凹而呈波状粗皱纹，幼时被黄色毛和腺体，下面的叶脉突起，密被由簇状毛至星状毛组成的淡棕色厚毛被，构成一叶华丽的装饰图案，因此《峨眉植物图志》又叫皱叶杜鹃。

In the leaves of Liriodendroideae, some of the abaxial epidermal cells are papillose and the vascular tissue of the main vein appears to be separated. However, papillose were not found and there are uniseriate, multicellular or unicellular hairs distributed on the epidermis, and the vascular tissue of the main vein appears to be continuous in the leaves of Magnolioideae. Furthermore, in the Magnolioideae, the structure of the leaves of plants in Manglietia are different from that of Magnolia.

结果表明：鹅掌楸亚科和木兰亚科在叶的结构上的主要区别是鹅掌楸亚科两种植物叶的部分下表皮细胞呈乳突状，且整个细胞外壁只形成一个乳突，而在木兰亚科的植物中有单列多细胞或单细胞的表皮毛，未发现乳突；鹅掌楸亚科植物的叶主脉维管组织环分隔呈束状，且其外包被的纤维也排列成束状，而木兰亚科的80种1亚种植物中，叶主脉维管组织连成轮状，其外面也由一圈连续的纤维环所包围。

The height of bulliform cell groups reached 0.18 of leaves thickness, which was another important quantitative characteristic to achieve function of bulliform cells.

泡状细胞的周长面积比仅占普通表皮细胞的0.723，是泡状细胞功能实现的重要数量特征；(2)以细胞面积、周长、等效圆直径、每平方公厘细胞数、周长面积比，可以建立小麦叶片泡状细胞Fisher's线形判别函数，判别正确率达99%；(3)泡状细胞组高占叶厚的比例达到了0.18，是泡状细胞功能实现的又一重要数量特征；(4)相关分析表明，泡状细胞组长、泡状细胞组高、泡状细胞组面积均与泡状细胞距离叶缘的位置呈极显著负相关。

Lateral branches penetrating leaf sheaths. Leaves alternate. Inflorescences borne at each node, opposite leaves, emerging from mouth of leaf sheath, each a large panicle of numerous cincinni; cincinni each subtended by an involucral bract; bracts similar to leaves, becoming smaller toward apex of cincinnus.

叶互生 花序着生在每节，与叶对生，从叶鞘口那里出现，每一个为一大的多数蝎尾状聚伞花序的圆锥花序；蝎尾状聚伞花序各自以一总苞片被包着；类似于叶的苞片，向蝎尾状聚伞花序先端变小。

Leaves opposite, mostly simple and palmately lobed, sometimes leaves pinnately veined and entire or pinnately (7-)11-21-foliolate, usually estipulate.

叶对生，多数为掌状分裂的单叶，有时全缘的羽状脉单叶，或者羽状复叶具(7-)11-21小叶(金钱枫属Dipteronia)，通常无托叶。

The flower has calorie of power, sepal egg shape wraps around needle form, petaline corydalis is lubricious, have canaliculus state, straight or go up a bit curved; Florescence 4 ～ May, purple floret, xie Rengqing of after autumn bine is green be like first, the companion other the flower has acicular small fruit, till at the beginning of the winter, ground upside divides ability wither, because this is wonderful ground by the plant, but sheet is planted the predestined relationship issues a Zhi Yulin or on the meadow of exposed to the sun, also but with other herb, wait like bison grass, dandelion mix kind, form level ground of beautiful compose flowers and plants.

紫花地丁叶基生，狭披针形或卵状披针形，边缘具圆齿，叶柄具狭翅，托叶钻状三角形，有睫毛。花有卡柄，萼片卵状披针形，花瓣紫堇色，具细管状，直或稍上弯；花期4～5月，紫色小花，秋后茎叶仍青绿如初，花旁伴有针状小果，直至冬初，地上部分才枯萎，因此是极好的地被植物，可单种成片植于林缘下或向阳的草地上，也可与其他草本植物，如野牛草。蒲公英等混种，形成漂亮的缀花草坪。

When aborted rats in group E were treated with the dose of 50 IU/g IFN-γ, expression of TNF-αin this group was compared with the other four groups, the results were as follows: Compared with group A, the nucleus pre-opticus medialis, nucleus pre-opticus mango celluaris, nucleus periventricularis hypothalami, nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami, nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalami, nucleus arcuatus hypothalami and pars intermedia had a highly expression of TNF-α, in the other nuclei of hypothalamus, neurohypophsis and adenohypophysis, the change was not significantly, the expression of TNF-αin follicle and corpus luteum were decreased distinctly, the variation in uterus was slight and no difference was exsited; Compared with group B, the expression of TNF-αin nucleus nucleus lateralis hypothalami, nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami, nucleus arcuatus hypothalami, adenohypophysis and uterus presented a remarkable enhancement, conversely, the TNF-αexpression in the nucleus pre-opticus medialis, nucleus pre-opticus suprachiasmaticus, nucleus supra-opticus, nucleus pre-opticus mango celluaris, nucleus periventricularis hypothalami, nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami, neurohypophsis, follicle and corpus luteum had been significantly decreased; Compared with group C, the nucleus pre-opticus medialis, nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami, nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalami, nucleus arcuatus hypothalami, adenohypophysis, pars intermedia and uterus had upregulated the expression of TNF-α, however, it was decreased in the nucleus periventricularis hypothalami and corpus luteum; When compared with group D, the expression of TNF-αin nucleus lateralis hypothalami, nucleus dorsomedialis hypothalami, nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami, pituitary, follicle and ovary stroma were obviously enhanced, while in the nucleus supra-opticus and nucleus arcuatus hypothalami, the situation was definitely opposite, in the other parts, the change was not significant.

外源腹腔注射50 IU/g IFN-γ后，同A组相比：E组TNF-α免疫阳性产物在下丘脑视前内侧核、视前大细胞核、室周核、腹内侧核、背内侧核、弓状核、垂体中间部显著增高，在下丘脑其它核团、神经垂体、垂体前叶较A组差异不显著，在卵泡、黄体中阳性产物表达均较A组显著降低，在子宫中表达较A组变化不明显；同B组相比：E组TNF-α免疫阳性产物在下丘脑外侧核、腹内侧核、弓状核、垂体前叶、子宫均显著增高，在视前内侧核、视交叉上核、视上核、视前大细胞核、室周核、室旁核、神经垂体、卵泡、黄体中阳性物质表达均显著降低；同C组相比：E组下丘脑视前内侧核、腹内侧核、背内侧核、弓状核、垂体前叶与中间部、子宫均显著增高，在室周核、黄体中均显著降低；同D组相比：E组下丘脑外侧核、背内侧核、腹内侧核、垂体各部、卵泡、卵巢基质均显著增高，在视上核、弓状核显著降低，在其它部位表达变化差异不显著。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。