史料

Such a taxation system which featured colonialism led to the establishment of an abnormal single - structured economy in French Indochina.

税收是法国殖民经济体系的重要组成部分，由于学界主要利用越南方面编撰的史料进行研究工作，相对缺

From this train of thought, I divided this dissertation into 8 chapters. Chapter 1 is a study on Procopius, including a biographical note on him, his writing time, his writing style, and the way he worked out the plot of his History; chapter 2 "About History of the Wars"introduces the publishing times and editions of the 3 works of Procopius, the contents and sources value of this book, and the circumstances of other temporary sources; From the third chapter on, the dissertation shifts to the analysis of the History's main content.

从这一基本点出发，这篇论文的主体部分共分8章：第一章首先对普罗柯比本人进行研究，包括他的生平、写作年代、写作风格以及他对《战记》一书的构思和写作过程；在第二章&关于《战记》&中介绍普罗柯比作品的出版年代和版本情况、《战记》的内容和史料价值及与《战记》相关的其他文献情况；从第三章开始对《战记》的具体内容加以分析，鉴于该书以记载三大战争为主线，因此第三章波斯战争、第四章汪达尔战争和第五章哥特战争都以&战争与和平&为标题，以突出该书军事战争的主体特点。

Chapter 3 the Persian war, chapter 4 the Vandal war, chapter 5 the Gothic war are all about the same issue "Wars and Peace."By analyzing every war's cause, process, I then make a conclusion of Procopius'conception of history. Chapter 6 "Natural Calamity and Human Disaster"analyzes and discusses the Plague of Constantinople in 542-543 and "Nika riot"in 532. In chapter 7 "Legend, Customs and Natural Phenomena", besides a scrutiny of Procopius'history criticism, I examine and sum up three kinds of digressions in this work. The last chapter "Military and Religion"inquires into the military organization , armies of the services, equipments, strategy and tactics, weapons of Byzantine empire. This chapter also probes into the attitude of Procopius on Christian, heresies and paganism; The epilogue is a conclusion of this dissertation, making a systematic exposition on Procopius'conception of history.

对这三大战争的研究，笔者采用述论相结合的方法，首先分析各大战争爆发的原因，然后详细分析战争的过程，纠正普罗柯比的正误、讳言之处，通过与其他史料的相互对比还原历史真相，总结经验教训，最后，在每章的总结部分论述战争的结果及其对交战双方的影响，通过对具体内容的分析归纳总结普罗柯比的历史观；第六章&天灾与人祸&主要对《战记》中记载的542-543 年君士坦丁堡大瘟疫和532 年尼卡暴乱加以分析论述，通过普罗柯比与其他史家记载的对比探寻查士丁尼大瘟疫的起源、传播路径、症状、传染介质、死亡人数、政府对策及其影响等问题，通过对尼卡暴乱目击者记录的分析揭示尼卡暴乱爆发的原因、真实过程，对尼卡暴乱作出公允的评价；在第七章&神话传说、民族风俗和自然现象&中，通过普罗柯比对这三类插话描写的总结和评论，分析他的历史批判法；在最后一章&军事与宗教&中，剥开《战记》的表层内容，对其中蕴含的较深层次的思想内容进行研究，如拜占廷帝国的军队组织、兵种、装备、战略战术、军事武器等内容的探讨，同时也就普罗柯比对基督教和异教、异端的态度加以分析论述；最后的结语部分主要是作全文的总结，阐述普罗柯比的历史观。

The thesis purposes to read Shakespeare's Queen Margaret in the context of Renaissance: Renaissance women writers appropriate biblical female characters to reconfigure the traditional virtues; in addition, Shakespeare, influenced by a diversity of Renaissance historiographies, devises his own history plays in which he lets his women articulate and exert their influence upon their male counterparts in comparison with Holinshed's Chronicles.

本论文试著将玛格丽特皇后置於文艺复兴时代的脉络下探讨：於第一章，一方面藉由几位文艺复兴时代女性作家之作品，观察她们如何挪用圣经中的女性角色、重新定义传统女性美德之内涵；另一方面，受到当代史料编纂多元化之影响，莎翁亦写出能够呈现自己风格的历史剧，尤其是在与何林塞之编年史(Holinshed's Chronicles)的版本比较之下，发现到莎翁历史剧中的女性不但能够发声，更进而影响其他男性角色。

French chronicler who wrote Histoire de Saint Louis(1309), the principal source on the life of Louis IX.

1317法国编年史家，著有《圣路易史》（1309年），是关于路易九世生平的主要史料

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。