可靠度

Above all, consider combination of 3 kinds of load and different constant load and alterable load effect to compare an effect, gave out representative ferroconcrete component is in give an environment to fall, the affirmatory principle that the reliability of different operating period analysed methodological; to put forward intended performance structure to design reliability level, namely index of reliability of component part of the construction inside intended performance cannot be under the standard; of active standard on foundation of expression of design of reliability of our country structure introduce wear to fold decrease coefficient, gave out the affirmatory method of this coefficient, assure in design phase through this coefficient and achieve target of reliability of component part of the construction inside intended performance not the standard under active standard.

首先，考虑三种荷载组合以及不同恒荷载和可变荷载效应比影响，给出了代表性钢筋混凝土构件在给定环境下、不同使用期的可靠度分析方法；提出了预期使用期结构设计可靠度水平的确定原则，即预期使用期内结构构件可靠度指标不能低于现行规范的标准；在我国结构可靠度设计表达式基础上引入耐久性折减系数，给出了该系数的确定方法，通过该系数在设计阶段保证和实现预期使用期内结构构件可靠度指标不低于现行规范的标准。

In light of the first expressway reinforced gabion retaining wall in China, which reinforced earth engineering of Xiangtan to Hengyang express highway section of K124 +300～K124 +895 in Hunan province, the external stability analysis of reinforced gabion retaining wall was analyzed by using the reliability analysis method and the reliability index and failure probability were given with this method. The results show that this method is simple, scientific and reasonable.

介绍了Rosenblueth矩估计方法的基本原理及其在加筋格宾挡墙外部稳定性分析中的应用，提出了加筋格宾挡墙外部稳定性可靠度分析方法，基于Rosenblueth方法开发了相应计算程序，研究了填料粘聚力c、内摩擦角φ、地震力、填土重度、车辆荷载以及加筋间距等重要参数对可靠度指标的影响，结合我国第一座高速公路加筋格宾挡土墙（湖南省湘潭至衡阳西线高速公路第十二合同段K124+300～K124+89段加筋土工程）运用可靠度理论分析其外部稳定性，得到了该挡墙外部稳定可靠性指标和破坏概率。

In this paper, the primary problems belong to the current method of reliabilityevaluation of existing buildings are pointed out.

本文首先指出了现行可靠性评定方法中存在的主要问题，针对这些问题，在动态可靠度理论的基础上，依据前人的研究成果，建立了综合考虑多种因素的抗力随机过程模型，建立了考虑再服役期因素的荷载模型，给出了以优化理论为基础的可靠指标计算方法，并在综合考虑现行评估的原则和可靠度理论水平的基础上，给出了依据构件可靠指标进行等级划分，进而对结构体系可靠度作出评价的途径，提出一种新的现有结构可靠性评定的方法。

Dynamic reliability under Littlewood-Paley wavelet is the biggest, dynamic reliability under modified meyerwavelet and harmonic wavelet are close. Analyzing the dynamic reliability of structure under odd exponent wavelet is very simple, it doesn't calculate Power Spectral Density function integral, it is only to calculate the square of displacement standard deviation and the square of velocity, then the dynamic reliability of structure can be concluded by max distribution. In addition the effects of upper limit is considered, when upper limit is smaller, the dynamic reliability of structure is less, that is, the damage possibility is bigger.

通过结构地震反应在小波基下的动力可靠性分析说明：无论是单自由度还是多自由度从理论上推导在这四种小波下的结构动力可靠性是可行的，而且考虑的结构地震反应都是非平稳的高斯过程，方法实现也比较容易；在Littlewood—Paley小波基下求得的结构的动力可靠度比较大，由改造的meyer小波和谐波小波求得的动力可靠度略有差异；单边指数小波下的结构动力可靠性分析非常简单，不用求功率谱函数来积分，只需求得结构地震反应的位移方差，速度方差，利用最大值分布公式就可得到结构的动力可靠时程；另外也考虑了超越界限对结构动力可靠度的影响，超越界限越小，结构的动力可靠度越小，即破坏概率越大。

Dynamic reliability under Littlewood-Paley wavelet is the biggest, dynamic reliability under modified meyerwavelet and harmonic wavelet are close. Analyzing the dynamic reliability of structure under odd exponent wavelet is very simple, it doesnt calculate Power Spectral Density function integral, it is only to calculate the square of displacement standard deviation and the square of velocity, then the dynamic reliability of structure can be concluded by max distribution. In addition the effects of upper limit is considered, when upper limit is smaller, the dynamic reliability of structure is less, that is, the damage possibility is bigger.

通过结构地震反应在小波基下的动力可靠性分析说明：无论是单自由度还是多自由度从理论上推导在这四种小波下的结构动力可靠性是可行的，而且考虑的结构地震反应都是非平稳的高斯过程，方法实现也比较容易；在Littlewood—Paley小波基下求得的结构的动力可靠度比较大，由改造的meyer小波和谐波小波求得的动力可靠度略有差异；单边指数小波下的结构动力可靠性分析非常简单，不用求功率谱函数来积分，只需求得结构地震反应的位移方差，速度方差，利用最大值分布公式就可得到结构的动力可靠时程；另外也考虑了超越界限对结构动力可靠度的影响，超越界限越小，结构的动力可靠度越小，即破坏概率越大。

If adopting the reliability analysis approach for geotechnical engineering, the uncertainness of various influencing factors, especially uncertainness of geotechnical parameters and calculated approach must be considered. Based on these two influencing factors, it is thoroughly studied of the probability characteristic of geotechnical parameters and the reliability of limited bearing capacity of single pile, and a set of idiographic method and approach of reliability analysis is built based much engineering data collected in Hangzhou area.

对岩土工程采用可靠度设计方法，需要综合考虑各种影响因素的不确定性，尤其是土性参数的不确定性和计算方法的不确定性，本文针对这两方面因素，在收集杭州地区大量工程资料的基础上，对土性参数概率特征及单桩极限承载力可靠度进行了详细研究，建立了一套可靠度分析的具体方法和途径。

In this dissertation, the structure bearing capacity reliability of the ecardinal arch-bridge is researched by Structure Reliability Theory and its reliability assessment model on bearing...

本文依据结构可靠度理论，对在用拱桥的承载力可靠度进行研究，给出其结构承载力可靠度评估模型。

In this dissertation, the structure bearing capacity reliability of the ecardinal arch-bridge is researched by Structure Reliability Theory and its reliability assessment model on bearing capacity is established.

本文依据结构可靠度理论，对在用拱桥的承载力可靠度进行研究，给出其结构承载力可靠度评估模型。

There are two steeps to achieve the reliability distribution.

该方法可靠度的分配过程分两步：首先按可靠性再分配原理将系统的可靠度分配到各个最小割集；然后将需要调整可靠度的最小割集看成一个子系统，将最小割集的可靠度按基本事件重要度的大小分配到各个基本事件，即所谓二次分配模型。

Aimed at the characteristics that design conditions of the foundation structures of offshore long-span-bridges are different from that of common bridges, the partial factors, the target reliability indices and the factors of wind load in different design fields were all analyzed. Then, three levels of target reliability indices which are 1.5, 2.0 and 2.3 respectively, and the corresponding factors of frequent value and quasi-permanent value of live loads based on JCSS model code with JC method were suggested.

针对大型跨海桥梁基础结构正常使用极限状态的设计条件不同于一般桥梁的特点，对各类不同设计领域的设计分项系数、目标可靠度指标及风荷载系数进行了分析和比较；然后以JCSS模式规范为基础，通过可靠度计算的验算点法，经过多次试算，建议了目标可靠度指标分别为1.5、2.0和2.3的三级可靠度水平及相应的可变荷载频遇值系数和准永久值系数。

Fancy gold-plated dangling earrings with facetted White Opal crystals.

花式镀金悬垂耳环与facetted白欧泊水晶。

This essay chooses the study aim from biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang which tells us that most of the middle school biology teachers in Shi Jiazhuang have the"burnout", lower successfulness, individualize.

本文选取石家庄市初中生物教师作为研究对象，运用问卷调查的方法对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状进行调查，调查结果发现，石家庄市初中生物教师这一群体普遍存在职业倦怠，情感枯竭程度偏高，成就感偏低，去个性化程度最为严重。