可靠

The aim of the research is to propose a newly quantified annoyance method to replace the commonly used semi-quantified method for vibration serviceability design.Annoyance rate and AR-based operations,i.e. expected AR and average AR,consist the major contents of the AR model. The basis of AR model was complementally introduced in Chapter 3 and through which different AR curves for several types of application purposes were suggested.

本文结合结构动力学，可靠度理论和心理物理学，提出了基于烦恼率的结构振动舒适度设计理论模型，其目的是使工程结构振动舒适度的设计方法从原来的半定量设计阶段提高到定量设计、可靠度设计和优化设计阶段。

Combining case history with point reliability solution, applied narrow bound method to calculate general failure probability of composite foundation improved by Dry Jet Mixing, appraised system reliability, precede sensitivity analysis with correlation coefficient of main failure modes in system reliability solution.

3结合工程实例，在点可靠度求解的基础上，运用窄界限范围法求解粉喷桩复合地基系统总失效概率，评价其系统可靠性，并对系统可靠度求解中主要失效模式间的相关系数进行了敏感性分析。

Run smooth, safe and reliable: the motor shaft and pump shaft for coaxial Direct, high concentricity, run smooth, safe and reliable.

运行平稳，安全可靠：电机轴和水泵轴为同轴直联、同心度高，运行平稳，安全可靠。

Weibull distribution is widely used as a life distribution, and estimating lower confidence limit of reliability is important. But so far this problem has not been well solved if when the sample size is small.

威布尔分布是使用非常广泛的寿命分布，关于威布尔分布的可靠度的下限估计是一个有重要意义的问题，文献中有很多讨论，但当样本量较小时，关于二参数威布尔分布的可靠度的下限估计至今没有非常有效的方法。

Based on DCS work mode, the configuration systems for graphic menu and the control system are developed.

该软件不但保证了仿真系统中各计算机之间可靠地进行数据传输和转变，还为实际DCS功能的再开发提供了方便可靠的工具。

In the chapter two of this thesis, the reliability of LTPS TFTs is studied in form of stress map by adopting the crosstie layout TFTs to get the more consistent reliability behaviors.

论文的第二章对元件的可靠度以各种不同的偏压条件及偏压时间来衡量。我们将以本文所提出之枕木型布局的电晶体作可靠度的量测以避免元件间初始特性差异过大，导致在同一偏压条件下得到发散的结果。

The mathematical model of reliability design for shaft rigidity was established based on reliability inference theory.Reliability calculation of cylinder shaft rigidity of press was proceeded and regularity of cylinder shaft rigidity reliability as the condition change was found.

应用可靠性设计相干理论建立了轴的刚度可靠性设计的数学模型，着重探讨印刷机印刷滚筒轴的刚度可靠度的计算，并得出不同条件下印刷滚筒轴刚度可靠度的变化规律。

For the dado of the cast in pile pile with man made hole, a reliability model is set up based on the analysis of its bearing capacity; and a reliability design is carried out on the dado in the light of engineering example.

通过对人工挖孔桩护壁承受外界作用的分析，建立孔桩护壁的可靠度模型。结合工程实例，对孔桩护壁进行了可靠度设计，为目前孔桩护壁的设计提出一个合理的方法

The effect of tribology factors on bearing vibration is studied experimentally. AR model and WPT are used to processing the normal arid abnormal signals. The results are as follows:1. The vibration of ball bearings is caused by the tribology action of contact pairs of ball and ring races and has the essential of tribo-dynamics. Any factors affecting the tribology characteristics of contact pairs will affect vibration and noise of bearings consequently.2. Vibration characteristics of bearing keep almostly unchanged with the increasing of axial load expecting the increasing of nature frequencies. When radial load increasing with axial load unchanged, nature frequencies keep unchanged but some new vibration peaks appears in the spectrum.3. Vibration amplitudes are damped and nature frequency are enhanced with sufficient lubrication. Vibration and noise of bearings increase obviously and roar can happen and the contact surfaces scratch slightly under insufficient and unclean lubrication state. Bearing will be disabled in a few minutes without any lubrication.4. Bearing vibration is unstable under low speed. With the speed increasing, the vibration become stable and natural frequencies increase slightly but the amplitudes increase apparently.5. Bearing vibration can be excited only by some harmonics ofwaviness without lubrication and by all harmonics with lubrication based on the theoretical analysis.6. The nature frequencies of ball bearings decrease with the increasing sizes. When international clearance increasing, nature frequencies decrease in radial and increase in axial and angular and the amplitudes increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular. When the number of balls increasing, nature frequencies increase and amplitudes decrease. When the pitch diameter increasing, axial nature frequency increase and others nearly keep no change. When outer race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular and amplitudes keep no change in radial and increase in axial and angular. When inner race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies decrease and amplitudes increase.7. The distortion in amplitude and frequency components of bearing vibration signals picked up by the present probe measurement method is founded and right conclusions cannot be achieved by the signals. When accelerometer is rigidly screwed with steel stud onto a flat outer surface of a ball bearing, vibration signal can be got without distortion and the reliability of research on bearing vibration is assured.8. AR model is suitable for large samples of bearing vibration signals, square root of length of samples can be used as the upper limitation of order determination and the FPE order selection criterion is effective. Many advantages of AR spectrum are founded over the classical based on FFT.9. Time-Frequency analysis is necessary for abnormal noise of ball bearings. WPT overcomes the principle shortcomings of STFT and proved to be a best tool to process the abnormal signals.

理论分析和试验研究表明： 1球轴承振动是钢球—滚道接触副中的各种摩擦学作用引起的，具有摩擦动力学的本质，任何对接触副的摩擦学特性有影响的因素都将对球轴承的振动和噪声特性产生影响； 2中心轴向载荷作用下，载荷增大使球轴承的固有振动频率升高，载荷越大同样的载荷增幅引起的频率升幅减小，足够大的中心轴向载荷作用下载荷的变化对球轴承振动的频率特性不会产生明显的影响； 3轴向和径向联合载荷作用下，径向载荷不大时球轴承振动的固有频率基本不变，但是可能引起变刚度激励的非线性振动，出现新的频峰，过大的径向载荷将使部分钢球脱离接触，使球轴承的振动和噪声呈现不稳定状态； 4润滑对球轴承的振动和噪声特性有重要的影响，良好的润滑对振动有明显的抑制作用，润滑不充分时，振动和噪声的水平会有明显增高，一定条件下还会激发接触副中的谐振，发出啸声，造成接触表面的伤害，无润滑干接触时，短时的运转就会损伤接触副表面，使振动和噪声迅速增大，并随时可能引发严重的磨损和卡滞失效；接触副润滑良好时，油膜的"刚化效应"使球轴承振动的固有频率有所提高，润滑剂中含有弥散性污浊时，振动的幅度总体升高，但弥散性污浊不会改变球轴承振动的频率特性；浙江大学博士学位论文：球轴承振动的研究 5低速时，球轴承振动的基本特征呈现不稳定状态，随着转速的提高，球轴承振动的频率特性趋于稳定，固有频率频峰升高； 6理论分析表明，干接触时钢球和滚道表面波纹度的某些谐波分量能激励球轴承的振动，振动的幅值与谐波幅值成正比，实际球轴承中钢球的分布不可能完全均匀，波纹度的激励作用会随时发生；润滑接触的分析表明，波纹度的任意谐波分量均能激励球轴承的振动； 7球轴承的几何和结构参数分析表明，球轴承尺寸越大，径向、轴向和角振动的固有频率越低；钢球中心圆直径增大，球轴承的径向和轴向振动的固有频率基本不变，角振动的固有频率有所上升，振动的幅频特性基本不变；径向游隙加大使球轴承的径向振动固有频率降低，轴向和角振动的固有频率有所升高，径向振动幅频特性的幅值升高，而轴向和角向降低；钢球的数量增多使球轴承振动的固有频率上升，幅频特性的幅值下降，径向振动的幅值下降最为明显；外圈沟曲率半径系数增大使球轴承径向振动的固有频率升高，轴向和角振动的固有频率降低，径向幅频特性基本不变，轴向和角向幅频特性幅值升高；内圈沟曲率半径系数增大使径向、轴向和角振动固有频率均下降，振动幅频特性的幅值均有升高； 8试验对比表明，传感器采用探针式安装时，由于探针接触副接触特性的影响，钡(量得到的球轴承振动信号有失真，采用专门设计和制作的试验球轴承，以固定式安装加速度计，首次测量得到了球轴承振动的真实信号，通过对振动信号的分析，验证了球轴承振动的理论模型； 9)基于时间序列分析的AR模型适用于大样本球轴承振动信号的分析，以样本长度的均方根值作定阶上界，FPE做判阶准则，给出的AR谱光滑，频率分辨率高，是球轴承振动分析的简便而可靠的手段； 10以时频域分析的小波包变换分析球轴承异音信号能够比较好地定位和聚焦异音发生的时间，时间间隔，频率范围，同样是球轴承振动分析的可靠的手段，可用作球轴承故障诊断技术。

It is found that both the FE method in analyzing thecornering tires and the method of dealing with large slip frictional contactproblems are correct and reliable. The interaction between tire and soft ground is studied.

有限元分析结果和试验测试结果有很好的一致性，表明本文提出的轮胎稳态侧偏有限元分析方法是正确可靠的，也表明本文提出的大滑动摩擦接触问题的处理方法是正确可靠的。

Fancy gold-plated dangling earrings with facetted White Opal crystals.

花式镀金悬垂耳环与facetted白欧泊水晶。

This essay chooses the study aim from biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang which tells us that most of the middle school biology teachers in Shi Jiazhuang have the"burnout", lower successfulness, individualize.

本文选取石家庄市初中生物教师作为研究对象，运用问卷调查的方法对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状进行调查，调查结果发现，石家庄市初中生物教师这一群体普遍存在职业倦怠，情感枯竭程度偏高，成就感偏低，去个性化程度最为严重。