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The evolution of development economics is closely related to the development of economic globalization , particularly at the third phase(in 1940's) of economic globalization , during which development economics in modern sense sprang up. Its main research is about how the poverty - stricken agricultural countries or developing countries achieve industrialization. From its appearance to before 1980's, development economics consists of two forming phases of structuralism and neo - classicism. Since 1980's , in the tide of new economic globalization ,development economics has new tendency and is faced with predicaments.

发展经济学的产生与发展和经济全球化的发展有密切的关系，特别是在经济全球化进入第三阶段，即20 世纪40 年代，现代意义上的发展经济学兴起，其主要是研究贫困落后的农业国家或发展中国家如何实现工业化的问题，发展经济学从兴起到80 年代以前，可分为结构主义和新古典主义两个发展阶段。80 年代以来，在新的经济全球化的浪潮中，发展经济学既出现了新的发展趋势，也面临着困境。

The instructive conclusion was: 1 under the vertical loading, the shear-lag effect was produced badly, more severer under concentrated loading than under uniform loading .2 the longitudinal bending deformation of the beam flange was true of the imitating plane assumption of deformation . 3 the width length ratio was confirmed as the first factor working on the shear-lag effect among all the geometric parameters;4 the shear-lag coefficient of simple-supported box-girder was severer than the continuous box-girder, the shear-lag effect in the inner supported section of continuous beam was much more severer, we need paying more attention for it in designing. 5 the non-liner characteristics of material deformation have littlie influence on shear-lag effect in BGCW. 6 the experiential calculating formulation and calculating diagram for the effective flange width was raised with the only factor of the width-span ratio., but the primary location of axis of bending moments should not be changed while calculating the inertial moment .

研究认为：1室内模型试验和空间有限元分析结果均表明波形钢腹板组合箱梁在竖向荷载作用下，翼板出现了典型的纵向应力剪滞效应。2在竖向荷载作用下，截面高度上各点纵向正应变分布认为可符合"拟平截面假定"，以此作为波形钢腹板组合箱梁抗弯计算的基本假定。3箱梁宽跨比是影响波形钢腹板组合箱梁翼板剪滞效应的主要因素。4连续波形钢腹板组合箱梁的翼板剪滞系数大于简支梁，且连续箱梁内支点截面翼板剪滞效应相当严重，对此需十分重视。5当混凝土翼板受力由弹性阶段进入弹塑性阶段时，材料的非线性特性对翼板的剪滞效应影响甚微。6提出了根据组合箱梁的宽跨比参数来计算翼板有效宽度比的经验公式和计算图表，但箱梁截面抗弯惯性矩的计算不应改变原先的截面中和轴位置。

A little after Noon I found the Sea very calm, and the Tyde ebb'd so far out, that I could come within a Quarter of a Mile of the Ship; and here I found a fresh renewing of my Grief, for I saw evidently, that if we had kept on board, we had been all safe, that is to say, we had all got safe on Shore, and I had not been so miserable as to be left entirely destitute of all Comfort and Company, as I now was; this forc'd Tears from my Eyes again, but as there was little Relief in that, I resolv'd, if possible, to get to the Ship, so I pull'd off my Clothes, for the Weather was hot to Extremity, and took the Water, but when I came to the Ship, my Difficulty was still greater to know how to get on board, for as she lay a ground, and high out of the Water, there was nothing within my Reach to lay hold of; I swam round her twice, and the second Time I spy'd a small Piece of a Rope, which I wonder'd I did not see at first, hang down by the Fore-Chains so low, as that with great Difficulty I got hold of it, and by the help of that Rope, got up into the Forecastle of the Ship; here I found that the Ship was bulg'd, and had a great deal of Water in her Hold, but that she lay so on the Side of a Bank of hard Sand, or rather Earth, that her Stern lay lifted up upon the Bank, and her Head low almost to the Water; by this Means all her Quarter was free, and all that was in that Part was dry; for you may be sure my first Work was to search and to see what was spoil'd and what was free; and first I found that all the Ship's Provisions were dry and untouch'd by the Water, and being very well dispos'd to eat, I went to the Bread-room and fill'd my Pockets with Bisket, and eat it as I went about other things, for I had no time to lose; I also found some Rum in the great Cabbin, of which I took a large Dram, and which I had indeed need enough of to spirit me for what was before me: Now I wanted nothing but a Boat to furnish my self with many things which I forsaw would be very necessary to me.

午后不久，海面风平浪静，潮水也已远远退去。我只要走下海岸，泅上几十米，即可到达大船。这时，我心里不禁又难过起来。因为我想到，倘若昨天我们全船的人不下小艇，仍然留在大船上，大家必定会平安无事。这时就可安抵陆地；我也不会像现在这样，孤苦伶仃孑然一身了。而现在，我既无乐趣，又无伴侣。想到这里，我忍不住流下泪来。可是，现在悲伤于事无济，我即决定只要可能就先上船去。当时，天气炎热，我便脱掉衣服，跳下水去。可是，当我泅到船边时，却没法上去，因为船已搁浅，故离水面很高；我两臂所及，没有任何可以抓住的东西。我绕船游了两圈，忽然发现一根很短的绳子。我惊异自己先前竟没有看见这根绳子。那绳子从船头上挂下来，绳头接近水面；我毫不费力地抓住绳子往上攀登，进入了船上的前舱。上去后发现船已漏水，舱底进满了水。因为船搁浅在一片坚硬的沙滩上，船尾上翘，船头几乎都浸在水里，所以船的后半截没有进水。可以想像，我急于要查看一下哪些东西已损坏，哪些东西还完好无损。首先，我发现船上的粮食都还干燥无恙。这时，我当然先要吃些东西，就走到面包房去，把饼干装满了自己的衣袋，同时边吃边干其他活儿，因为我必须抓紧时间才行。我又在大舱里找到了一些甘蔗酒，就喝了一大杯。此时此刻，我极需喝点酒提提神。我这时只想有一只小船，把我认为将来需要的东西，统统运到岸上去。

In order to improve interlayer pit mud fermentation, self-made pit mud fermenter was used and pit mud functional bacteria were supplied in each turn of fermentation. Such measures could evidently increase contact area between fermented grains and pit mud, enhance ethyl caproate content in fermented grains (enhanced by almost three times than before) with no adverse influence on liquor yield, and improve liquor quality. Its application could effectively settle the problems such as pit mud odor in liquor, difficult operation, recycle use and unsatisfactory effects etc.

采用自制夹泥发酵器和每轮补充窖泥功能菌的夹泥发酵法进行浓香型白酒生产，结果表明，该方法能明显增大糟醅接触窖泥的面积；提高糟醅中己酸乙酯等香味物质的含量，己酸乙酯的含量比对照糟醅增加了近3倍；不影响曲酒的出酒率；可明显提高曲酒的质量；有效地解决了窖泥易进入糟醅，使酒中出现明显的窖泥味、操作困难、难以循环使用、效果不明显等问题。

He entered his novitiate to the true wilderness with Sam beside him as he had begun his apprenticeship in miniature to manhood after the rabbits and such with Sam beside him, the two of them wrapped in the damp, warm, negro-rank quilt while the wilderness closed behind his entrance as it had opened momentarily to accept him, opening before his advancement as it closed behind his progress, no fixed path the wagon followed but a channel nonexistent ten years ahead of it and ceasing to exist ten yards after it had passed, the wagon progressing not by its own volition but by attrition of their intact yet fluid circumambience, drowsing, earless, almost lightless.44

孩子就这样进入了熟悉真正的荒野生活的见习阶段，有山姆在他身边，正如他小时候追捕兔子这类小动物度过雏形的见习时期，山姆也陪伴在他身边，这时两人裹在湿漉漉、暖烘烘、散发出黑人臭味的被子里，方才暂时对他开放来接纳他的荒野在他身后合拢了，森林在他前进之前开放，在他前进之后关闭，大车也没有固定的路可走，只有一条仅仅看得清前面十码路的通道，大车走过十码后，这段路也就湮没，这大车并没有按自己的意志往前行进，而是由人和大车所造成的纯净的气流浮托着在往前滚动，大车在打瞌睡，听不见一点声音，也几乎见不到一点光线。45

The list of standard items on the SR5 and Limited grades, includes the 276 hp 4.7L V8 engine and automatic transmission, Toyota's STAR Safety System, Electronic Brake Distribution with Brake Assist, side curtain airbag with rollover sensor, engine immobilizer with alarm, direct tire pressure monitoring system, seating for eight passengers, eight-way manually adjustable driver's seat, four-way manually adjustable front passenger's seat, fold-flat feature for second- and third-row seats, auto tri-zone air conditioning, power windows, locks, back window, keyless entry, AM/FM/CD eight-speaker audio system with a mini-plug for iPod compatibility, rear wiper and defogger, tilt/telescope steering wheel, cruise control, spare tire and mud guards.

关于从SR5和有限等级标准的项目清单，包括276马力的4.7L V8发动机和自动变速箱，丰田的STAR安全系统，电子制动带制动辅助系统，侧帘的翻滚感应器，发动机防盗报警，直接轮胎气囊分布压力监测系统，对8名乘客，8路手动调节驾驶员座椅，四向手动可调前排乘客座椅，折叠功能单位为第二和第三排座椅，自动三区空调，电动车窗，座位锁，后窗，无钥匙进入，调幅/调频/光盘8喇叭音响系统与一个小型的iPod兼容，后雨刷和防雾膜，倾斜插/伸缩式方向盘，巡航控制系统，备用轮胎和挡泥板。

The invention is characterized in that the mouth of a sample tube is provided with a four-way valve and a buffer tank provided with a jacket, the sample in the buffer tank is blown by nitrogen gas to be completely fed into a sample bottle to realize accurate sampling.

一种用于高温高压下液固体系的密闭取样装置及取样方法，其特征在于，在取样管口设置四通阀和缓冲罐，缓冲罐带夹套，缓冲罐中的样品通过氮气的吹扫完全进入取样瓶中，可保证取样的准确性。

Where fingermarks are found, it will be necessary for the investigator to compare them against the ones of persons having legitimate access to the premises so that the traces might be eliminated as having evidentiary value if they prove to be from these persons.

如果发现了指印，检查人员就必须把发现的指印和有权进入房屋的人的指印作比较。如果指印证实是来自这些人的，那么作为证据价值的线索就可排除掉。

Shihmen before entering the gorge, but Maninsan steep, grass-green Heqing after Shihmen groove, the more of the five 3200 meters high ridge to the Three Gorges will be the first of this bifurcated Gap Zhu, species red rocks, strange shapes, and then we met before the Tang Dynasty Temple of Heaven, can visit the temple next to the project cited big Headworkru qin .

前行进入石门峡，但绝壁万仞，草绿河清，过石门沟，越3200米高的五台岭便到三峡这首的朱岔峡，山石通体朱红，造型奇特，再前行便遇唐代的天堂寺，可参观寺旁的引大入秦工程渠首。

And Suetonius (Vespasian, iv.) regarding the Messianic belief of the Jewish people at that time;(3) the fact that even in Philo's picture of the future, in spite of its moralistic tendency, the Messianic king has a place comp.

作为证据，在古罗马时期救世主的希望已成为普遍其中犹太人可提出：（ 1 ）耶稣的信念，即他是救世主，一个信念在激励着他，由现行的信仰在一个救世主，因为已经呈现出来事实是，他进入耶路撒冷民众称赞他为这样的，（ 2 ）的证词，约瑟夫

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。