可试验的

A submerged membrane sequencing batch bioreactor was used to treat coke wastewater.Long running performance showed that due to the membrane interception,the nitrobacter is enriched in reactor in the interest of improving the nitrification rate;the maximum ammonia nitrogen loading can be 0.19 kg/(m3·d) with effluent ammonia nitrogen＜1 mg/L (removal rate 99%).Long sludge retention time may result in the accumulation of metabolic products and high molecular materials,and thus inhibiting activity of nitrate bacteria and causing a ccumulation of NO2-,which is beneficial to the running of short-cut denitrif ication.However,too long retention time will affect the activity of nitrite bacteria,detrimental to the treatment effect of ammonia nitrogen.

简介： 采用浸没式膜生物反应器处理焦化废水的试验结果表明：膜的截留作用可使硝化菌在反应器内富集而有利于提高系统的硝化能力，其去除氨氮的最高负荷为0.19kg/(m3·d)，出水氨氮＜1mg/L(去除率为99%)；泥龄长可能使微生物的代谢产物或其他大分子物质积累，从而抑制硝酸盐细菌的活性，导致NO2-积累而有利于短程脱氮的进行，但泥龄过长也会影响亚硝酸盐细菌的活性，从而影响对氨氮的处理效果。

Based on relative literatures,this part has included five resesearch aspects as below.1 Fifteen compounds were isolated and purified by extraction,column chromatography,and their structures were determined on the basis of spectral analysis: acteoside(Ⅰ-1),isoacteoside(Ⅰ-2),crenatoside(Ⅰ-3),cistanoside F(Ⅰ-4),sinapoyl-4-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ-5),adenosine(Ⅰ-6),β-siterol(Ⅰ-7),oleanic acid(Ⅰ-8), succinic acid(Ⅰ-9),caffeic acid(Ⅰ-10),protocatechuic aldehyde(Ⅰ-11),p-hydro xybenzyl alcohol(Ⅰ-12),β-daucosterol(Ⅰ-13),D-galacitol(Ⅰ-14),D-mannitol(Ⅰ-15).Ⅰ-4～15 were obtained from this plant for the first time,andⅠ-6,7,9,and 13 were isolated from Orobanche genus for the first time.2 The scavenging test of DPPH showed that most compounds have comparative antioxidant activity as L-ascorbic acid and part of them show better activity such as the O.coerulescens extract and phenylethanoid glycosides.Acteoside showed potent free radical scavenging effects with a median inhibition concentration of 25.6μg/ml.3 The anti-HBV activities of acteoside,isoacteoside and crenatoside were measured,and all of them showed suppressive activity on the expression of HBsAg and HBeAg in the HepG2.2.15 cell line.

本论文在文献调研基础上对紫花列当化学成分及生物活性进行了研究，并从免疫抗病毒角度探讨紫花列当中特征性成分类叶升麻苷的肝保护作用及其机制。1采用大孔树脂、硅胶和Sephadex LH-20等色谱技术对紫花列当进行系统的植物化学研究，从中分离得到19个化合物，利用UV和NMR等波谱手段及理化性质鉴定了其中的15个化合物，分别为类叶升麻苷(Ⅰ-1)、异类叶升麻苷(Ⅰ-2)、crenatoside(Ⅰ-3)、cistanoside F(Ⅰ-4)、sinapoyl-4-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ-5)、腺苷(Ⅰ-6)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ-7)、齐墩果酸(Ⅰ-8)、琥珀酸(Ⅰ-9)、咖啡酸(Ⅰ-10)、原儿茶醛(Ⅰ-11)、对羟甲基苯甲酸(Ⅰ-12)、β-胡萝卜苷(Ⅰ-13)、D-半乳糖醇(Ⅰ-14)和甘露醇(Ⅰ-15除化合物Ⅰ-1、Ⅰ-2和Ⅰ-3外，其余化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。2)通过大孔树脂富集该药材有效部位苯乙醇总苷，并采用HPLC测得其所含特征性成分类叶升麻苷的含量可达80%以上。3DPPH自由基清除试验显示紫花列当提取物及其所含的苯乙醇苷类化合物均具有较好的抗氧化能力，其清除DPPH自由基能力接近于抗坏血酸。4采用卡介苗整体致敏、脂多糖离体攻击构建大鼠原代肝细胞免疫性损伤模型，在体外观察类叶升麻苷的保肝作用。

These tests show that: 1. suction decreases with the increase of the water saturation in the chalk; 2. stress variants proposed are available for describing the stress state of the unsaturated chalk; 3. preconsolidation pressure increases with suction, while the effects of suction on the compressibility coefficients λ and κ are not evident; 4. as usual unsaturated soils, the permeability to oil of chalk increases with the suction; 5. yield strength of the chalk behaves with volumetric strain hardening; 6. cohesive behaviour of the chalk is related to the stress level, and relation between time-dependent deformation and logt is linear; 7. cohesion of the chalk decreases with the increase of the suction, while the elastic stiffness and the cohesion coefficient increase; 8. strength and elastic modulus increase with the strain rate, while the strain at the peak strength decreases with the increase of the strain rate.

试验结果表明，白垩中的虹吸力随水饱和度的降低而提高；吸力、水饱和度和强度的变化过程均与时间有关；可用由理论分析得到的应力状态变量描述非饱和白垩的平衡状态；前期固结压力随吸力增加而提高，而压缩指数λ与κ则同吸力无关；应力大于前期固结压力时，粘性变形与时间的对数关系曲线呈线性关系，其大小和增长速率均随吸力减小而增大，可视为白垩弹性刚度降低和粘性系数增大的结果；前期固结压力和变形模量随着应变速率的提高而提高，压缩指数κ和λ则随应变速率的提高而减小；应变速率较低时，粘性和吸力对前期固结压力及压缩指数的影响较小；白垩中油的渗透性随着吸力增加而提高；白垩在屈服阶段具有明显的体积应变硬化特性。

The trial results show that with the disposal of induced caving roof by presplitting blasting and induced caving roof blasting, about 17.8 m in thickness of rock cushion is successfully formed in the inferior abandoned stope, which can bring down the harm of dashing blast of an explosion caused by roof collapse; apparent run-through flaws arise between presplitting blasting holes, and controllable caving is formed in the roof, abrupt collapse of large area roof is prevented, the productional safe surroundings of underground mining is improved; eventually, the resources' reclamation rate is improved from about 70% to 84.6%, and the dilution rate is abated from 25%40% to below 15%, so efficiently withdrawing is actualized.

试验结果表明：采用预裂爆破与诱导崩顶爆破的方法，通过对顶板的诱导崩落处理，成功地在下方采空区形成了厚度为17.8 m左右的岩石缓冲垫层，有效地降低顶板冒落带来的冲击气浪危害；在预裂孔间产生明显的贯通裂隙，从而在顶板上形成诱导可控崩落，防止顶板大面积的突然垮落，改善地下开采安全生产环境；最终资源的回收率由70%左右提高到84.6%，贫化率由25%~40%降低到15%以下，实现了资源的高效回收。

The results of batch experiments showed that the anaerobic biodegradation kinetics of 2-CNB and 4-CNB by granular sludge were follwed by first-order reaction. The nitro groups of 2-CNB and 4-CNB were more easily attacked by electron than chlorines and they were reductively biotransformed to amino groups under anaerobic conditions. The acclimated anaerobic granular sludge, which could dechlorinate 4-chloroanline to aniline, showed that it had the ability of para-dechlorinating. The anaerobic biodegradating on pathway of 2-CNB and 4-CNB were suggested as follows:AbstractIn ZVI(zero-valent iron, Fe0)-reduction system, the nitro groups of 2-CNB and 4-CNB were reductively transformed to amino groups.

2分批试验结果证明，颗粒污泥降解2-CNB和4-CNB遵循一级动力学，在厌氧条件下，CNB发生序列的硝基还原与脱氯作用，苯环上的硝基比氯原子更容易受到亲电子攻击，发生还原反应生成氨基；所获得的颗粒污泥具有对位脱氯活性，可使4-CA进一步脱氯形成苯胺。2-CNB和4-CNB厌氧降解的建议性途径为： ZVI(Zero-valentiron)对2-CNB和4-CNB的作用主要是将苯环上的硝基还原为氨基；在ZVI与污泥共还原转化体系中，ZVI对氯代硝基苯的硝基转化具有一定的促进作用，但因ZVI对中间产物的吸附特性，终产物形成速率趋慢。

The experimental results are summarized as follows: the tensile strengh and bending strengh of steel fiber reinforced lightweight aggregate concrete can be improved significantly by the addition of steel fiber; to some extent ,the addition of steel fiber can also increase the compressive strength ,although little , it radically improves the compressive toughness , and the steel fiber reinforced lightweight aggregate concrete will not fall apart with cracks; with the increase of the volume fraction of steel fiber, the elastic modulus is also rising somewhat; Poisson's ratio is influenced little with the addition of the steel fiber and the effect regularity displays unconspicuously.

本文试验研究结果可归纳如下：钢纤维的加入能明显提高钢纤维轻骨料混凝土的抗拉强度和抗折强度；掺入钢纤维使钢纤维轻骨料混凝土的抗压强度有一定程度的提高，增长幅度不大，但抗压韧性却有很大改善，使钢纤维轻骨料混凝土裂而不散；钢纤维轻骨料混凝土的弹性模量随钢纤维体积率的增大有一定提高；泊松比受钢纤维的加入影响不大，规律性不明显。

Based upon the results of experiment and calculation of several representative unsymmetric composite laminates , the coupling characteristics of unsymmetric laminate was studied.

为了解决机翼的扭转发散、载荷重新分布及操纵反效和操纵效率等问题，基于非对称复合材料的各向异性及相对于普通复合材料更好的可设计性，以几种典型非对称复合材料层板的试验及计算为基础研究了非对称层合板的各种耦合特性，并进行了非对称复合材料机翼的设计，得到了满意的结果。

The results showed that among the 3 NO donors,only GSNO had significant effects on the percentage of sporulated oocysts,theinhibiting rate of purified sporulated oocysts was 93% to 97%,and reached 100% onthe oocysts in the faces of chicken with E.tenella infection.GSNO also significantlydecreased virulence of E.tenella oocysts;and the oocysts treated by 2～8 mmol/LGSNO almost lost their pathogenicity to chickens.

试验结果表明，在以上3种NO供体中，只有GSNO对卵囊的孢子化率有明显的抑制作用，其对纯化卵囊的抑制率为93％～97％，对粪便中卵囊的抑制率可达100％；GSNO还能明显抑制E.tenella卵囊的毒力，经2～8mmol/L浓度GSNO处理的卵囊几乎丧失了对雏鸡的致病力。

The immobilizing effects of red mud by bayer process is much better than by sintering process under different concentration of application, because of the smaller particle size, larger surface area, higher content of Fe2O3 and Al2O3.The adsorption capacity of red mud and zeolite to Cd was very large.

通过钝化剂对溶液中Cd离子的吸附解吸试验表明：赤泥、沸石对Cd离子具有很大的吸附容量和较强的吸附亲和力；只有不到25%的吸附镉为水溶态和可交换态，而绝大部分吸附的镉(50%以上)为与赤泥结合稳定的、不易为生物利用的形态。

In this paper, The influence of heat set and dyeing on the structure of PTT fiber was investigated by FT-IR, DSC, critical dissolution time. The influence of heat set on the dyeability of PTT fiber was discussed, too. Meanwhile, many experiments on the dyeing performance of PET fiber were carried out. The effect of different dyeing temperature on the uptake and visual color depth value and dyeing characteristics of different dyes with temperature increasing were discussed, and the influence of temperature on the dyeing depth were also evaluated when dyeing for PTT and PET fiber in the same dye bath condition. Especially the kinetics and thermodynamics of dyeing with disperse dyes were mainly studied.

目前，我国对PTT染色性能方面研究报道还少，本文用傅立叶红外光谱、差热分析、临界溶解时间等分析方法研究了热定型和染色对PTT纤维结构的影响，探讨了热定型对PTT纤维可染性的影响，同时进行了多项PTT纤维的基本染色性能试验，探讨了不同染色温度对上染百分率及表观色深值的影响、不同染料的升温上染特性、不同染料的移染性能和染深性能以及PTT和PET纤维同浴染色时染色温度对它们的染色深度的影响。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。