可计算

Firstly, some basic concepts about ECC are introduced;then the scalar multiplication under affine coordinate is discussed, we make a research and analysis of the side channel attack of scalar multiplication used in portable device, give out a new scalar multiplication algorithm which has the advantage of efficiency over other protected algorithm; and an improvement of the standard scalar multiplication algorithm proposed by IEEE1363 is made with the efficiency increasing by about 10%; at last, we deal with the using of complex multiplication in scalar multiplication algorithm, we generalize the methods and deduce a complete computing procedure, with proposing a new method which used several different fast endomorphism ,we give out an approach to boost the scalar multiplication with fast endomorphism.

本文首先介绍了椭圆曲线密码的有关基本概念；其次介绍了椭圆曲线上点的标量乘法在仿射坐标下的计算，对一般便携设备上的椭圆曲线点的标量乘法的边信道攻击做了研究与分析，给出了一种在效率上优于其它可抵抗边信道攻击的标量乘法的新算法，并对IEEE P1363 标准给出的标量乘法做了改进，使得标量乘法的运算效率提高了近10%；最后介绍了利用复乘计算标量乘法的方法，对已有的方法进行总结归纳，得出完整的计算过程，并针对两类超奇异椭圆曲线给出了一种利用多个可快速计算的复乘的标量乘法，得出一类普遍的结果，并给出了进一步用复乘加快标量乘法的思路。

The main contributions of this dissertation are In chapter 2, we propose a scientific visualization system modal which is based on large-format display technology and Client-Commware-Server structure. In chapter 3 and chapter 4, we accomplish two large-scale scientific visualization systems. In chapter 5 and chapter 6, we propose HFFT on hexagon and parallel dodecahedron domains, and reduce the computational complexity from O and O to O and O . Lastly, we propose a parallel HFFT on distributed memory computers.

本文的主要贡献如下：提出了使用大屏幕显示技术、适用于大规模科学计算可视化系统的Client-Commware-Server模型；实现了油藏数值模拟和分子模拟两个大规模科学计算的可视化系统；给出了二维三方向六边形区域、三维四方向十二面体区域上的HFFT算法，将变换的计算复杂度分别从直接计算的O和O量级降到了快速算法的O和O量级；最后，本文给出了一种基于分布式存储的并行HFFT算法，并对影响、提高并行算法的若干因素进行了分析。

Based on the Saint-venant equations describing the channel flow movement, the nonlinear algebraic equations derived by the use of Preissmann weighted implicit four-point scheme are solved with the Netwon-Raphson method. A combined Gauss main-element elimination method with compress-storage technique is proposed. The relaxation iterative method for solving branch river networks is extended, which can turn the problem of any complex river networks into the problem of a series of single rivers. The coupling of hydraulic model with water quality model is built up. The combined model was applied to a large complicated river networks with numerical hydraulic structure which influenced by strong tide, storm and heave rain. Visualization of computational results is realized by means of MapInfo, which displays the computational results in fast, convenient and accurate way.

水力模型以描述河道洪水波运动的Saint-Venant方程组为基础，用Newton-Raphson方法直接求解按Preissmann加权四点格式进行离散所得的非线性代数方程组，提出了压缩存贮形式的Gauss列主元消去法并对数值解的收敛性进行了讨论；将支流流量的松弛迭代方法从树状河系推广到了环状河网，使任意复杂河网水力计算的问题都可化为一系列的单一河道的水力计算问题；建立了水力模型与水质模型的联接，初步应用于既有洪水、暴雨、强潮等综合影响，又存在多种水工建筑物及水力调度问题的大型复杂河网中的非恒定流水力、水质计算问题；利用MapInfo对计算结果的可视化进行了研究，有利于决策者快速、方便、准确地作出决策。

After graduating from self-loving gradually VB programming, has automated the preparation of the Maori blessing calculator so that the company calculated the cost of a lot of convenience, to the AU after a computer automatically calculate coordinates substitute comparison t able to improve efficiency and analysis Repair yields, in the end of August from the beginning of the use of Excel VBA turn carried by the use of Visual Basic programming, simply by the beginning of the coordinates of the aircraft in fixed and gradually perfect its functions, after numerous functions perfect, update d version , until now automatically value, take a few screens to install and keep other aircraft types, Cell coordinates and coordinate simultaneous COF, simultaneously hard and soft keyboard input, question is valueTo prevent failure, point and thread type of undesirable precise positioning the cursor, 4 Operational functions to four 40-inch production line, the company can save costs 6333822.717 RMB.

自毕业后逐渐爱好VB编程，曾为福大自动化编写毛利计算器，使公司的成本计算方便了许多，入友达光电后便有了使用电脑自动计算代替坐标对照表来提高分析效率及Repair良率，于8月底由刚开始的使用Excel所带的VBA转而使用VB编程，由刚开始单纯的坐标计算及机种固定逐步地完善其功能，经过无数次的功能完善、版本更新，直到现在的可自动取值、屏幕取数、设置其它机种并保存、Cell坐标及COF坐标同步计算、软硬键盘同步输入、待算值防呆、点及线类不良精确定位光标、四则运算等功能，以4条40寸生产线计算，可为公司年节省成本6333822.717RMB。

After graduating from self-loving gradually VB programming, has automated the preparation of the Maori blessing calculator so that the company calculated the cost of a lot of convenience, to the AU after a computer automatically calculate coordinates substitute comparison table to improve efficiency and analysis Repair yields, in the end of August from the beginning of the use of Excel VBA turn carried by the use of Visual Basic programming, simply by the beginning of the coordinates of the aircraft in fixed and gradually perfect its functions, after numerous functions perfect, updated version , until now automatically value, take a few screens to install and keep other aircraft types, Cell coordinates and coordinate simultaneous COF, simultaneously hard and soft keyboard input, question is valueTo prevent failure, point and thread type of undesirable precise positioning the cursor, 4 Operational functions to four 40-inch production line, the company can save costs 6333822.717 RMB.

自毕业后逐渐爱好VB编程，曾为福大自动化编写毛利计算器，使公司的成本计算方便了许多，入友达光电后便有了使用电脑自动计算代替坐标对照表来提高分析效率及Repair良率，于8月底由刚开始的使用Excel所带的VBA转而使用VB编程，由刚开始单纯的坐标计算及机种固定逐步地完善其功能，经过无数次的功能完善、版本更新，直到现在的可自动取值、屏幕取数、设置其它机种并保存、Cell坐标及COF坐标同步计算、软硬键盘同步输入、待算值防呆、点及线类不良精确定位光标、四则运算等功能，以4条40寸生产线计算，可为公司年节省成本6333822.717RMB。

After graduating from self-loving gradually VB programming, has automated the preparation of the Maori blessing calculator so that the company calculated the cost of a lot of convenience, to the AU after a computer automatically calculate coordinates substitute comparison table to improve efficiency and analysis Repair yields, in the end of August from the beginning of the use of Excel VBA turn carried by the use of Visual Basic programming, simply by the beginning of the coordinates of the aircraft in fixed and gradually perfect its functions, after numerous functions perfect, updated version , until now automatically value, take a few screens to install and keep other aircraft types, Cell coordinates and coordinate simultaneous COF, simultaneously hard and soft keyboard input, question is valueTo prevent failure, point and thread type of undesirable precise positioning the cursor, 4 Operational functions to four 40-inch production line, the company can save costs 6333822.717 RMB, Amateur using VB programming staff prepared the examination system has been applied to AUO Xiamen plant, and is the level of expand to other plant.

自毕业后逐渐爱好VB编程，曾为福大自动化编写毛利计算器，使公司的成本计算方便了许多，入友达光电后便有了使用电脑自动计算代替坐标对照表来提高分析效率及Repair良率，于8月底由刚开始的使用Excel所带的VBA转而使用VB编程，由刚开始单纯的坐标计算及机种固定逐步地完善其功能，经过无数次的功能完善、版本更新，直到现在的可自动取值、屏幕取数、设置其它机种并保存、Cell坐标及COF坐标同步计算、软硬键盘同步输入、待算值防呆、点及线类不良精确定位光标、四则运算等功能，以4条40寸生产线计算，可为公司年节省成本6333822.717RMB，业余利用VB编程编写了员工考试系统，现已应用于友达光电厦门厂，并正水平展开到其它厂区。

The rainstorm process is a complex and stochastic multi-dimensional process.A correlation exists between the maximal annual period-storm and the rainfall duration,with overlooking many factors,the parameterwill not be a constant.Since 1980s,heavy rain and flood of small basins can be calculated by auto-recording rainfall observation system,and 20-year's self-recording rainfall data can improve the calculation accuraey.

暴雨过程是一个复杂的多维随机过程，年最大时段暴雨xt，p与暴雨历时t的暴雨公式属于经验相关关系，忽略了不少影响因素，因此，公式中参数n值不会是稳定不变的。20世纪80年代以后，随着自记雨量观测应用，到目前已经有20多年的资料系列，小流域暴雨设计的计算就可以直接利用时段实测降水资料系列进行计算，设计洪水时，可根据实测雨量时段资料，计算该设计流域的n值，可提高计算精度。

The soil erodibilities are compared and appraised for the majority of the soil types in Ningxia. The method published by D. W. Fryrear et al is adopted to calculate erodible fractions for the soils in Ningxia. The erodibilities of main soil types are compared and analyzed. Spatial distribution of soil erodibilities in the region can be perceived on the Map of Ningxia Soil Erodibility. The map is based on the digitized map of soil types of the all region by means of the geographical information system of Region Manager. Evaluation results show that erodible soils occupy a large portion of the total area of the region.(3) The third task is evaluation of effects of human activities for farming on soil erodibility. Tillage and cultivation can alter soil properties. The paper, based on the discussion on the characteristics of farmland suffering wind erosion in the region, analyzes the contents and intensities of farming disturbing surface soil. Emphasis is paid on the effect of farming on erodibilities of each type of soil.

W Fryrear等人的计算土壤可蚀部分含量的方程，此方程的自变量包括土壤有机质、碳酸钙、沙粒含量、沙粘比，计算了宁夏主要土壤类型表层的可蚀含量，进而比较它们的可蚀性，并以宁夏土壤分布图为底图用地理信息系统建立了宁夏土壤风蚀数据库，完成了宁夏土壤可蚀性图，评价结果显示宁夏地区主要的土壤类型较容易遭受风蚀；（3）农业经营对土壤风蚀的影响及其评价，在分析宁夏农业土壤遭受风蚀特征的基础上，首先讨论了农业活动对土壤理化性质的干扰，评价主要耕作栽培措施对土壤风蚀的影响，选取粗糙度、表面结皮、可蚀颗粒含量、留茬和有效时间为指标，用打分方法作了评价。

Hypercube has many advantages, such as smaller diameter, simple routing algorithm, many parallel paths between any two nodes, and fault-tolerance, on the other hand that the Hypercube nodal degree increased logarithmetically to the number of nodes has limited network population. So we propose a constant nodal degree hierarchical topology to remedy the weakness of Hypercube and take advantages of Hypercube most. Given the definition of FCCN we analyse the basic properties including nodal degree , number of links , extensibility and diameter (maximum network communication delay). Also we proposed a simple and self-routing algorithm applied in FCCN. Although the self-routing algorithm is not optimal, but at more than 82% case it can get the shortest path, and the percent is larger and larger increased with network levels. By the self-routing algorithm the internodal distance is calculated to evaluate the network communication delay more clearly. The average internal distance is in order of the cubic root of the network population that is almost same as logarithmetically relation in a few thousands. FCCN is a highly scalable network due to its recursive construction.

首先在比较了基本互连网络的基础上，看到超立体网络的杰出性能，包括网络直径小、寻路算法简单且为自寻路算法、容错能力好等等，但是由于其节点度随网络的规模的增加而按对数关系增长，使得超立体网络的应用规模受到极大限制，所以为了能最大限度利用超立体网络的优点的同时弥补其节点度方面的不足，作者提出了节点度等于常数4的FCCN网络结构，来最多地利用立方体网络的优点；然后在对FCCN网络进行严格的定义后，分析了网络的节点度、链路数、延伸特性、网络的直径（决定网络的最大通讯延迟）等，并提出了适于FCCN网络的简单的自寻路算法，计算自寻路算法可得到最短路径的比例，看到在多于82％以上的情况自寻路算法都是最优的，而且比例随网络层数的增加而增加；应用所提出的自寻路算法计算了可以更加准确反映网络通讯延迟的参数—网络平均节点距离，计算得到此参数与网络大小的立方根成正比，此比例关系在网络的规模在几千节点以内与对数关系的网络几乎一样；FCCN网络是一高度可扩展结构，这是因为FCCN的递归构成方式，使得网络在增加节点时其原有的拓扑结构可以保持不变，不需对网络进行重新设计，为网络的实用扩展提供了条件；理论分析得出FCCN网络是一种高度可扩展高性能网络的结论。

The model has the following features: 1 The security information provided by the assessment result is more dependable because of the consideration of some main uncertain factors; 2 The improved analytic method of power system DSR and the dynamic equivalent technologies are applied to reduce the computing time and to make the model more practical; 3 Step-up assessment strategy is adopted in order to balance the precision and computing time requirements; 4 Decompounding of system insecurity indexes to each system component, or to each generator and consumer, and the visualization of assessment results, will help the operators to understand the security status of the power system more clearly; 5 The assessment results can be beneficial to the preventive control in traditional power systems and the security pricing in power market environments.

模型具有如下特点： 1由于综合考虑了一些不确定因素对系统安全性的影响，使得评估结果更加可靠； 2采用求解电力系统动态安全域的改进解析法，结合动态降维技术，大大减少了动态安全域的计算时间，使得模型比较实用； 3采取逐步递进的评估策略，以适应计算精度和计算时间要求； 4可定量分解出各元件或各发电与用户对系统不安全的贡献，配以形象直观的评估结果显示，使操作人员清楚了解系统的安全状况； 5评估结果在传统电力系统可帮助制定预防控制措施，在电力市场可用于安全性定价。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。