可结合性

The main factors affecting the soil-structure interface behaviors were found experimentally and theoretically, including: 1 the thickness of the interface that is five to six times the average grain size of the soil; 2 the aeolotropy of interface, which is responsible for anisotropic response of the stress-strain response of the interface; 3 two physical states, including crashing and compression of the soil near the structure surface, which govern the stress-strain response of the interface strongly; 4 two shear deformation components due to sliding and constraint of the structure surface relative to the soil respectively, which forms the deformation of the interface; 5 the volumetric strain due to dilatancy, which is found to be composed of a reversible dilatancy component and an irreversible dilatancy component. 4. A unified constitutive model of the interface, based on new elasto-plasticity damage theory, was developed. It was confirmed to be effective for the conditions considering monotonic and cyclic shearing, coupling effect of shear and volumetric strains, evolution of physical state, micro-structure aeolotropy of the soil and the resulting aeolotropy of the interface as well as the three normal boundary conditions stated above. 5. 2D and 3D finite element formulations of the present model were derived and incorporated into the FEM codes. They were applied to the evaluation of practical engineering problems with different typical interfaces between soil and structure. The new model was shown to be reasonable and effective.

确定了粗粒土与结构接触面厚度约为5～6倍的平均粒径，首次揭示了接触面的细观结构异向性以及由此所引起的宏观剪切异向性，发现了在单调和往返剪切荷载作用下土颗粒破碎和剪切压密两种物态变化机制共同支配着接触面力学性质的变化，通过细观分析证实了接触面的变形可分解为一般同时发生的土与结构交界面上的滑移变形以及结构面位移约束范围之内土体本身的剪切变形两部分，观测到接触面受剪时表现出明显的相对法向位移，并可分解为可逆性和不可逆性两个分量；(4)建立了第一个能够统一地描述单调与往返剪切特性、剪应变与体应变耦合特性、细观结构和宏观剪切异向性以及土颗粒破碎等物态变化特性的土与结构接触面弹塑性损伤本构数学模型，并采用多种法向边界条件复杂加载路径的试验成果验证了新模型的合理性和有效性；(5)提出了新模型的二、三维有限元格式并结合实际边值问题进行了应用计算分析，比较了不同接触面本构模型对计算结果的影响，证实了新模型及其有限元格式不仅能够合理地描述土与结构接触面的主要力学特性，还能够较好地反映土体与结构物在接触面处的滑移、脱开等不连续现象。

The paper summerizes several general pratical new techniques, such as the analyzers of program profiles, maximum potential parallelism, array privatizability, loop parallelism; the visualizers of the statement data dependence graph, procedural callgraph, loop iteration space graph and interactive tools of array privatization and unimodular transformation; the automatic techniques of array privatization combined data dependence and coverage, the computation of parallelizing unimodular transforming matrix for mult-nested loops, enhanced unimodular transformation with array reduction recognition, non-loop level parallelism revealing technique, dynamic dataflow analysis and optimization of cross-loop local cache reuses, etc.

本文从而概括了若干具有一般性的实用新技术，如：程序计算量分析、最大潜在并行性分析、数组私有化分析、循环并行性分析等动态程序分析技术；语句数据相关图、过程调用图、循环迭代空间相关图、交互数组私有化、交互幺模变换等可视化语义交互分析变换技术等等；总结了若干自动并行化新技术，如：结合相关和覆盖的数组私有化方法、对多层嵌套循环计算幺模并行化变换矩阵的循环幺模变换方法、结合数组规约识别增强幺模变换的技术、发掘非循环级并行性的技术、动态数据流分析技术、优化利用循环间Cache数据局部性的技术等等。

WHMM is a statistical model in wavelet domain of stochastic signals, which integrates wavelet transform into hidden markov models . According to the locality, multiscality of wavelet transform and context-sensitive property of HMM, WHMM can not only characterize precisely the local feature of object multiscally, but also reflect accurately the full structure information of object. So it is a powerful tool which deals with noise, shape similarity and part occlusion in ATR, and finds its full application in recognition system of moving vehicle.

小波隐马尔可夫模型是小波变换与隐马尔可夫模型相结合的一种小波域随机信号的统计模型，它有机地融合了小波变换的局部分析性、多尺度性和隐马尔可夫模型的上下文相关性，不仅能多尺度地精确刻画目标的局部特征，还能准确地反映目标的整体分布信息，从而成为解决目标识别中受噪声、形状相似、部分遮挡等问题的最有力的工具之一。

Protease treatment of the plasma membranes could abolish the binding but NaIO_4 and glycosidase could not, indicating that nsLTP144 bound to plasma membranes protein without carbohydrate moiety. Using the homobifunctional cross-linking regent bissuberate (BS~3) and rice plasma membranes incubated with ~(125)I-Trx-nsLTP144, we identified, after SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography, a putative protein receptor on the rice plasma membranes with the molecular mass around 60 kDa. NsLTP144 can not trigger extracelluar alkalization in arabidopsis, but can abolish the extracellular alkalization effect of phytopathogen elicitor cryptogein, suggesting that cryptogein and nsLTP144 may bind to the same membrane protein. In vitro pull-down assay showed that nsLTP144 interacted with OsCaM1, a possible extracellular calmodulin, implying that nsLTP144 and OsCaM1 could function in the same signal transduction pathway. These results shed light on revealing the roles of nsLTP in vivo and make it promising to finally characterize the plasma membranes receptor of nsLTP.

发现~(125)I-Trx-nsLTP144、~(125)I-Trx-nsLTP110与水稻细胞质膜均具有特异性结合，而且结合是饱和性的、可被竞争的，符合配体-受体结合的典型特征，同时用于对照实验的蛋白质~(125)I-Thioredoxin没有此特性，表明水稻细胞质膜上存在nsLTP的受体；利用可氧化糖基的NaIO_4和水解糖基的N\'-糖苷酶F处理水稻细胞质膜，再进行结合实验，结合活性几乎不受影响；而利用胰蛋白酶处理细胞膜则使得结合能力几乎完全丧失，表明其受体为没有经过糖基化修饰的蛋白质；利用交联剂BS~3交联配体一受体后，再进行SDS-PAGE分离和放射自显影，结果显示水稻细胞质膜上的nsLTP受体中有一个60kDa的蛋白质可以与nsLTP144发生特异性的结合，可能是其受体；细胞外碱化实验表明，nsLTP144不能促使拟南芥原生质体细胞培养液的细胞外碱化反应，却能猝灭来自植物病原菌的激发子Cryptogein刺激拟南芥原生质体产生的细胞外碱化反应，表明nsLTP和Cryptogein结合细胞膜上相同的位点，保护了植物细胞免受Cryptogein导致的细胞程序性死亡，并诱导系统获得性抗性的产生；体外Pull-down实验表明，nsLTP144和水稻的OsCaM1具有相互作用，暗示了nsLTP144和OsCaM1可能同在一个信号通路上起作用。

HA increased level of NO by activating NOS after combining with H〓 and H〓 receptors; and on the one hand 5-HT caused brain microvessel endothelial cells constracting strongly, made the tight joint opening, increased the permeability of BBB, and on the other hand 5-HT increased the quantity of pinocytosis vesicle in endothelial cells and enhance the permeability of BBB after comining with 5-HT〓 receptor.

HA与H〓和H〓受体结合，激活NO合成酶，使NO含量增多而诱发BBB通透性增加；5-HT与5-HT〓受体结合，一方面引起脑微血管内皮细胞强烈收缩，使内皮细胞间的紧密连接开放，BBB通透性增高，另一方面可引起内皮细胞转运小泡增加，BBB通透性增高。

This paper prepares to probe into the characteristic and regularity of Convertible Bond running in our capital market, to pull Convertible Bond into successful practice by virtue of the link of the theories of Convertible Bond, such as Convertible Bonds factors-planning, the choice of issuing time, the influence to financial structure, pricing-model, etc, and the running situations of the issued Convertible Bond.

本文拟就可转换债券的重要理论，如可转换债券的股性和债性、可转换债券的要素设计、发行时机的选择、对财务结构的影响、定价模型、价值构成、投融资风险等，再结合我国已发行的可转换债券的运行情况，以探讨可转换债券在我国资本市场运行的特点和规律，以推进可转换债券在我国的成功实践。

This paper prepares to probe into the characteristic and regularity of Convertible Bond running in our capital market, to pull Convertible Bond into successful practice by virtue of the link of the theories of Convertible Bond, such as Convertible Bond's factors-planning, the choice of issuing time, the influence to financial structure, pricing-model, etc, and the running situations of the issued Convertible Bond.

本文拟就可转换债券的重要理论，如可转换债券的股性和债性、可转换债券的要素设计、发行时机的选择、对财务结构的影响、定价模型、价值构成、投融资风险等，再结合我国已发行的可转换债券的运行情况，以探讨可转换债券在我国资本市场运行的特点和规律，以推进可转换债券在我国的成功实践。

Radiolabeled pharmacological binding assay showed: 1 BmK AS bound specifically to a single class of non-interacting binding sites on both rat brain and cockroach nerve cord synaptosomes with high affinity and low low capacity. The association of BmK AS with both synaptosomes was quick to reach equilibrium, but the dissociation seemed to be only partial. The specific binding of BmK AS was independent of membrane potential, and couldn't be modified by veratridine. Moreover, the binding of BmK AS could be inhibited by native BmK AS, BmK AS1, BmK IT2 and BmK IT on both synaptosomes, but not or partially inhibited by BmK Ⅰ and suggesting BmK AS type neurotoxins might bind to a distinct receptor site on mammal and insect sodium channels with a similar manner from β-scorpion toxins.

二。蝎毒素多肽配体与哺乳动物和昆虫靶离子通道受体的药理结合特性及其靶结合位点的研究：经放射性标记结合和竞争抑制实验表明：1）BmK AS在大鼠脑和蟑螂神经索突触体上有单一非协同性高亲和力低结合容量结合位点，能快速结合并达到平衡，但仅能部分解离，其结合不依赖于膜电位，也不受藜芦碱调节，天然的BmK AS，BmK AS-1，BmK IT2和BmK IT可抑制〓AS与两种突触体的特异结合，而BmK Ⅰ无或仅有部分抑制效应。

The proposal of a new parallel system architecture, which combines the advantages of both NUMA and cluster, the usability as the main focus of system design, its scalability, high availability, and flexibility to configure and re-construction being the aim of the system.

提出了一种新的体系结构，即机群NUMA系统，这种新的系统很好地结合了机群和NUMA机器的特点，以好用性为核心，以可扩展性、高可用性和系统的灵活动态可配置和重构为目标，很好地结合了机群系统和传统NUMA系统的优点。

This paper therefore examines the development of "the folklore Pai-Chang of Peking opera aria in Tainan city" through literature review depth-interview oral history and participant observation The concept frame is culture organism as the vertical axle and elements of a folklore activity as the transverse axle There are several significant findings about the general picture of this subject: During the late period of Japanese colonial era Tainan local people who played Peguan music learned Peking opera aria and tried to bring Peking opera aria into the folklore Pai-Chang which was one kind performance and traditional custom of Peguan music Some people who came from other places and played Peking opera aria had also known or learned "Pai-Chang" with touching Tainan local amateurs "Pai-Chang" used to be performed by amateurs for worship of god or goddess or for seasoning and wedding celebration without rewards Amateurs volunteered to perform "Pai-Chang" only for their duty temples and fraternity of Peking opera aria The majority of the audience is people who perform or like "Pai-Chang" or who live nearby There is a fixed pattern of the performance including the repertoire and the arrangement of the band The main meaning of this performace is to pray God's blessings therefore the procedure of "Ban-Hsian" is the most essential and ahead of Peking opera aria singing With time goes by the number of the amateurs has dropped; yet the demand for the worship ceremony remains; hence some of the amateurs have been trained to become professional performers Besides although the idea and the meaning of "Pai-Chang" remains the pattern of the performance has become simplified and rigid which is because of the performers' number decreasing and market adapting Nowadays the whole ecosystem of the folklore Pai-Chang of Peking opera aria in Tainan city keep changing which is mainly influenced by the transition of the society(such as the time and space of the industrial and commercial society being compressed and most people's pursuing of specialization and utilitarianism etc ) According to the findings in this paper the phenomenon can be regarded as the subject matter both of Peking opera and folklore studies For the studies of the Taiwanese culture however the subject not only enriches the subject matters of the Taiwanese culture(signifies the localization of Peking opera and a new pattern of Taiwanese folklore) but also reflects the characters of diversification integration adaptation and compromise of Taiwanese culture which used to be influenced by different regimes and the historical contexts Facing such a multicultural context this paper thus suggests researchers should show an open-minded attitude toward the complex of the Taiwanese culture studies and then important phenomenon would not be ignored or misunderstood

代表了什麼意义？对於上述疑惑，查既有研究成果，不消没有论述者，具体提即「京调排场」现象的可说没有，基於此，有必要对台南市及其周边之民俗性京调排场，不管是语汇来由或者其现象本身，做一番研究。本研究透过文献、访谈、口述史、参与观察等方法，以文化有机体之纵的发展概念为经，以民俗表演之横切面各主客要素为纬，试图先对此文化现象调查并推论出一概貌：台南市民俗性京调排场的形成，是在京调传入台南，台南本地北管子弟改习或兼习京调后，结合北管音乐文化所固有的排场表演型态及民俗演出传统，融合而成，形成时间至迟在日治晚期。而一些不同时期的外来京调人士(如原本生长於其他地区、后移住台湾的票友，和中国大陆琴师等等)，也曾透过与当地子弟的接触，而习得或知晓「排场」语汇以及本地京调排场习俗者。此项音乐民俗表演在过往多由业余子弟於神诞或民众婚俗做寿时，对其有义务或交陪的庙宇及子弟间做酬酢性的演出，不收报酬；聆赏者多是京调同好与邻近民众，也有少数路过者；演出模式包括节目安排、乐队编制皆有一定；表演意涵上以「扮仙」祈求神明赐福人间最为重要，因此排仙必不可少，且一定先於京调演唱。随著时间推移，京调排场表演活动的各要素都有变动，惟变迁速度不一，大体而言，业余表演者锐减，人们对酬神娱神节目的需求仍在，因此一些过往的业余表演者遂逐渐转型为职业表演者。此外，虽然表演意涵不变，但在职业表演人员少、又要适应市场的情况下，表演模式亦逐渐流於简化、僵化。目前京调排场整体生态仍在转变的过程中，而这种变化应与工商社会时间空间的被压缩、事事追求专业化与尼Q化等因素有关。再者，据此概貌，在结论部分厘清其意义、定位以及其对台湾文化研究之启示。台南市及其周边之民俗性京调排场现象，可视为京剧研究与民俗研究的一环，然而对於台湾文化研究，除了其题材本身标志了京剧的本土化与台湾民俗活动之新类型，进一步扩充整体台湾文化研究的内容外，更重要的是现象背后所反映的台湾文化的多元融合与妥协适应取向。台湾的海岛地理位置与长期被不同文化背景政权所殖民的历史，其文化自然容易随社会环境改变而弹性适应变迁，呈现多元纷呈、多重覆叠的特色，因此展望未来，从事台湾文化研究应秉除单一观点，保持一定程度之开放与客观胸襟，方不忽视或误识更多重要的文化现象。

Fancy gold-plated dangling earrings with facetted White Opal crystals.

花式镀金悬垂耳环与facetted白欧泊水晶。

This essay chooses the study aim from biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang which tells us that most of the middle school biology teachers in Shi Jiazhuang have the"burnout", lower successfulness, individualize.

本文选取石家庄市初中生物教师作为研究对象，运用问卷调查的方法对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状进行调查，调查结果发现，石家庄市初中生物教师这一群体普遍存在职业倦怠，情感枯竭程度偏高，成就感偏低，去个性化程度最为严重。