可持续的

This study analysised the condition of Xinjiang's petroleum resource and made an evaluation and it points out that the development of petroleum and natural gas of Xinjiang is still in the developing period in which it aims at discovering the petrol field and increasing its reserves.Although it has a great exploring potential,because of its geograghy limitation and a lack of exploring funds,the exploring level is till low,even lower than the everage level of the whole country. The study is based on theories of industry distributions,its concentration,macroscopic analysis,government regulations and continuing development.From microcosmic and macroscopic aspects,it scientifically and systematically analyses the problems in the development of petroleum industry in Xinjiang.It points that the developments of middle and upper reaches lack a balance and have no rational industry structures.So it is hard to form an integral industry chains.Moreover,the upper reach covers a too much large proportion in the development,so it can not give a strong impetus to other industries.Based it,the paper points the industrial concentration of Petroleum Chemical Products Manufacture of Xinjiang should be enhanced and Input to Petroleum Chemical Products Manufacture of Xinjiang should be increased.Due to a lack of an established fair and competitive market and government's perfect laws and regulations on petroleum industry,it points that the phenomenon of mixed operation has become common in monolopied business and competitive business,so the systems of petroleum industry needs to be restructured.It states clearly that the country should take the development and benefits of Xinjiang's economy into consideration when making strategies for petroleum development .Besides,the allocation of profits between the center and the local should be well arranged so that we can guarantee the profits of Xinjiang ,considered as a resource area.It also reveals that we should not only overcome limitations of resources,environment,economy and technology on continuring development,but also we should deal with some realistic problems well.For instance,contradictions between the concept of limited resource and continuing development,the relationship between petroleum industry's own features and continuing development,the contradictions between the limits on supply of petroleum and the need of future development of continuing resource ,outdated petroleum technology and the need of advanced technology for continuing development,tremendous damages to environment and requirements of environment protection for continuing development and Xinjiang continuing economic development,outdated policy of industry and continuing development,the relationship between continuing development of Xinjiang petroleum industry and continuing economic development of Xinjiang.

本研究以产业布局理论、产业集中度理论、灰关联分析理论、政府规制理论、可持续发展理论为依据，从微观、宏观两个层面，科学、系统、全面地分析新疆石油产业的发展问题，指出：新疆石油天然气目前仍处于油气田发现和增储的主要发展阶段，开发潜力巨大，但由于地质原因及勘探投入的不足，石油天然气探明程度偏低，低于全国平均水平；新疆石油产业产业结构布局不合理、上中下游发展不平衡，难以形成完整的产业链条，对工业的带动力与其本身具有的经济总量很不匹配；新疆石油开采业和石油加工业属于高度寡头垄断的市场类型，新疆石油化工业属于竞争型的市场结构，要想石油产业对新疆经济有较强的带动作用，新疆石油化工业必须上升到一定的层次和规模，在提高规模的基础上，提高新疆化工业的产业集中度；新疆石油加工业和化工业与农业呈现较高的关联度，加大对石油加工业和化工业的投入，对新疆经济的协调发展有着深远的影响；政府要从石油产业本质特征和发展趋势为着眼点，实施规制改革，分开政府规制政策的制定部门和监管部门职能，建立健全石油产业法律法规体系，对垄断性业务和竞争性业务实施分类规制；国家石油发展战略的制定应兼顾新疆区域经济的发展和利益，应切实处理好新疆与中央的利益分配，切实保证新疆作为资源产区合理的资源收益；新疆石油产业要想得以可持续发展，不仅要克服影响可持续发展的资源、环境、经济和技术等客观因素，还要处理好观念、需求、政策等诸多主观因素。

That is,govemment should avoid and correct not only the possible market failure inthe traditional economy system, but also failures in natural system affectedby economy system; accelerate not only achievement of inner-generationequity, but also achievement of intergeneration equity.

而在可持续发展的实现过程中，政府所面临的最大挑战，莫过于创造出一个使社会的不同利益集团都对可持续发展变革所带来的利益格局变动可以接受和较为满意的"游戏规则"，由此指出了政府能力的提高对可持续发展实现的必要性。

Although Heilongjiang is rich in energy resource gift, the situation isnt as optimistically as that most people thought because of less protection and perambulation, including the great demand of future economical society development. At present Heilongjiang has carried out a series of measures to soften the impact of bottleneck restrictions on energy resources on future economical development.

目前黑龙江省已经开始实施一系列措施以减轻能源瓶颈给该省未来发展带来的冲击，但是对于黑龙江这个能源大省来说，可持续发展战略将是今后能源工作的重中之重；黑龙江省的能源可持续发展会对我国能源安全产生直接的影响，如何合理实现黑龙江省能源的可持续发展己成为一个非常现实的问题。

This article analyzes some basic surveys of our country red tourist resources and some elementary of sustainable development, analyzes the present situation of the red tourist development and the problem exists in the red tourist resources'development which some are worth taking: Many Red Holy Land rushes headlong into mass action in abundance, starts blindly, excessively and even in predacity develops the red tourist resources, to the tourist environment pollution, the red cultural atmosphere serious destruction, finally causes the red tourist resources politics, the economy and the cultural function is weakening, the negative effect also appears day by day, directly affected the red tourist resources sustainable development and use, also threatens the red tourist the sustainable development.

本文阐述了我国红色旅游资源的一些基本概况和可持续开发的一些基本理论，分析了红色旅游资源开发的现状和开发中出现的一些值得重视的问题：许多红色圣地纷纷一哄而上，盲目上马，对红色旅游资源过度甚至是掠夺性开发过程中，出现了旅游环境受到污染、红色文化呈现庸俗化、收益分配不均等问题，这不仅减弱了红色旅游资源的政治、经济和文化作用，消极影响日益显现，而且直接影响了红色旅游资源的可持续开发利用，也威胁到红色旅游的可持续发展。

First, the expounding of the relationship between the sustainable development and the environmental protection: The former requires the protection of the environment; second, the negative effects of science and technology to the environment; next, the purpose of the NHET: The NCT of the NHET is the necessary guarantee in realizing the sustainable development; the analysis of the necessity and possibility of the NCT for the NHET and last, the mechanism to ensure the NCT of the NI-LET, including the establishment of the 揼reen fund?

首先，阐明了可持续发展与环境保护的关系，可持续发展要求环境保护。其次，分析了科学技术对环境的负面作用。然后，探讨了环境无害化技术的目的，指出环境无害化技术的非商业性转让是实现可持续发展的必要保障，并着重分析了环境无害化技术非商业性转让的必要性和可能性。

The ecological socialism and the enviromental economics has partly realize the relation between the institution and resources continuous utilization and resources continuous utilization.The thesis insists that the capitalism leads to the uncontinuous utilization of resources, but the continuous utilization of resources results from the socialist public ownership. Firstly, the common ownership of property right of resources is the base of resources continuous utilization. Because the property right of resources belongs to the society in socialism, the partial interest and integrate interest are untied, as well as the short-term interest and long-term interest, which decides that the socialist owner of resources can抰utilize resources for individual interests like capitalist ones.

本文认为资本主义制度必然导致自然资源非可持续利用，社会主义公有制条件下具有自然资源可持续利用优势：(1)社会主义自然资源产权共有是自然资源可持续利用的客观基础，在社会主义制度之下，由于自然资源产权归全社会所有，局部利益和整体利益是统一的，暂时利益和长远利益是统一的，这就决定了自然资源的所有者不会利用自然资源去谋求不义之利，去损害他人的利益，不会像资本主义制度下满足某部分人的私欲，对自然资源可以统筹利用。

Based on the discussion of environmental economy,the argument background of sustainable development idea,the difference between sustainable development and traditional development model and the disadvantages with current national accounting system,this paper puts forward a framework of policies and measures for internalizing environmental cost from macro to micro level to reach a sustainable development in Ch...

本文从环境经济学的角度出发，分析了可持续发展思想的产生争论背景、可持续发展与传统发展模式的差异以及现行国民经济核算体系的严重缺陷。在此基础上，根据经济过渡期和市场经济的特点和要求，提出了实现可持续发展战略的宏观、中观和微观的环境成本内部化政策和措施。

Using the "attractiveness - strength of the market" indicators and fuzzy math method, the paper calculated the sustainable potential of the development of tourism of historical and cultural village, classifies its elements\' combination through the "M-R" situation matrix, the existence of an ideal type and transformation possibility proves the interdependence between tourism development and heritage protection; establishes a index system about sustainable development of tourism, valuates the situation of sustainable development of the seven historical and cultural villages using factor analysis method, combines its status and potential with "S-P" situation matrix, and disport the sustainable development into four kinds: strong synchronous, weak synchronous, strong-dislocation and weak-dislocation.

其次，提出旅游发展的层次性是历史文化名村聚落、遗产和旅游属性整体性的集中表现，依此构建了评价旅游可持续发展现状的指标体系，用因子分析法计算了7个历史文化名村的旅游可持续发展现状，对现状和潜力进行组合，在&S-P&状况矩阵中按其组合状态将历史文化名村可持续发展分为强同步型、弱同步型、强错位型和弱错位型四种类型，强同步型及良性转化路径的存在，证明了聚落属性、遗产属性和旅游资源属性的整合是可行的。

The main conclusions and outcomes are as follows:(1) From the coupling mechanism of economy and environment, the author appraises the degree of sustainable development in Jinlin province. The results show that the development orientation of Changchun is prone to economic development, for Jilin it is environmental development and for Liaoyuan it is harmoniums development at low level. By quantitative analysis, the author studies the status of sustainable utilization of water resources in this region from three aspects: water supply, drainage and water quality, and the results show that utilization of water resources in each of nine areas that belongs to Jilin province is at low level.

研究成果：（1）从经济发展与环境保护的角度对吉林省九个地区的可持续发展程度进行了度量，指出长春地区和吉林地区分属于高级发展类的强环境和强经济滞后模式，辽源地区属于低级发展类的协调模式，其它地区属于低级发展类的环境和经济滞后模式；从供水、排水、水质三个方面对水资源可持续利用进行了分析，指出吉林省各地区基本属于低层次和中层次的水资源利用，都没有达到水资源的可持续利用。

This part analyzes the problems on PRED of Henan province. On the basis of analysis .the author calculate and analyze the status of sustainable development of Henan Province by applying the method of ecological footprint.

该部分通过对河南省人口、资源、环境和经济发展问题的现状分析，运用生态足迹法对河南省可持续发展状态进行了计算、分析，通过对河南省生态足迹的计算分析，得出河南省目前处于&地方不可持续-全球可持续-欠发展&状态。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。