可微的

Five novel torsion-mirror optical actuators including double-beam thickness differential structure with single torsional axis, double flexible folded-beam structure with single torsional axis, double-beam vertical torsion comb structure with single torsion axis, four-beam differential compound-micromirror structure with double torsional axis and the combined structure of the four basis forms above, are brought forward. All of these devices could be fabricated by the same silicon micromachining process we have developed. The deformation compensation design with local enhancement for the thin torsional beam which is the key structure of these devices is also put forward to improve the reliability. The three-dimension solid model and two-dimension reduced order model of the torsion-mirror optical actuator are established and then the numerical simulations for evaluating the device characteristics of the statics, dynamics, electrostatic field, mechanical and electrostatic coupling, fluid and solid coupling are carried out to optimize the structure design. Furthermore, three optical fibre clamping structures which could be integrated monolithicly are designed and analyzed to improve the optical coupling capability. 4. Three flexible process flows combined with bulk silicon micromachining and surface silicon micromachining are brought forward to fabricate these novel single-crystal silicon or polysilicon torsion-mirror optical actuators by using the same lithography masks for both SOI wafer and regular silicon wafer. A series of important process experiments are carried out to optimize the process parameters and the process flows. Some novel and typical process phenomena which occurred during the microfabrication are analyzed and then the corresponding solutions are put forward. 5. A MEMS dynamic testing system which exploit blur image synthetic technique, stroboscopic image matching technique, stroboscopic mirau microscopic interferometry technique and microscopic laser dopper vibrometer technique is set up to measure three-dimension and six-freedom micro motions of any MEMS devices with nanometer resolution.

在对硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的光机电特性系统地理论研究的基础上提出了硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的结构设计准则。3、提出了单轴双梁厚度差分结构、单轴双柔性折叠梁结构、单轴双梁垂直扭转梳齿结构、双轴四梁差动复合微镜结构以及以上四种基本结构组合后的衍生结构等五种工艺加工技术兼容的新型的硅微机械扭转镜光致动器，对器件关键结构薄厚度、高耐疲劳扭转梁进行了局部加强的变形补偿设计，建立了器件的三维实体模型以及两维降阶模型，对提出的新结构硅微机械扭转镜光致动器进行了系统的静力学、动力学、静电场、力电耦合和流体固体耦合的建模仿真与优化设计，同时设计并分析了三种可实现单芯片集成的弹性光纤定位夹紧结构。4、提出了组合体硅微加工技术与表面硅微加工技术、兼容同一套光刻版图、可分别基于SOI 晶片和普通Si 晶片、适应于制造提出的各种新结构单晶硅和多晶硅硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的三套柔性加工工艺流程，开展了一系列重要工艺步骤的单项工艺试验，对工艺流程与工艺参数进行了优化，针对加工过程中出现的具有普遍意义的典型工艺问题进行了讨论和分析，并提出了解决方法。5、创新性地将模糊图像合成技术、频闪图像匹配技术、频闪Mirau 显微干涉技术与显微激光多普勒测振技术有机结合，建立起了一套周期运动测量与瞬态运动测量相结合、单点运动测量与全视场运动测量相结合、满足不同MEMS 器件各种动态测试要求的集成的MEMS 三维六自由度微运动精密测量系统。

Microfluidic chips took microchannels as a network to link a micropump, microvalve, reservoir, electrode, microdetector. It integrated analytical functions of sampling, dilution, adding reagent, reaction, isolation and so on, which was called micro total analysis systems,μTAS.

微流控芯片是一种交互集成的微全分析系统，它以微管道为网络连接微泵、微阀、微储液器、微电极、微检测元件等，可最大限度地把采样、稀释、加试剂、反应、分离、检测等分析功能集成为一体。

Adult minimum daily requirement of folic acid is about 50 micrograms per day of folic acid food content of about 200 - 400 micrograms of folic acid, but not all, are being used, such as improper cooking loss volume could reach 50 - 90%, according to the World Health Organization recommends a daily folic acid requirements for: Infant 60 micrograms, 100 micrograms for children, general adult 200 micrograms, 400 micrograms for pregnant women, lactating women 300 microgram .

成人的每日叶酸最小需要量约为50微克，每天吃的食物中叶酸含量约为200–400微克，但不是所有的叶酸都被利用，如烹调不当，损失量可达到50–90％，根据世界卫生组织的建议，每日叶酸需要量为：婴儿60微克，宝宝100微克，一般成人200微克，孕妇400微克，哺乳妇女300微克。

Taking precise microminiature mechanical systems as assembly objects, the reconfigurable 12 degree of freedom microassembly technology and realization method are systematically proposed, including modules such as 6-DOF macro-robot, 6-DOF precise micromotion worktable, micro gripper integrated micro detection and feedback, and micro pose detection device, and so on.

以精密微小型机械系统为装配对象，提出了可重构12自由度微装配技术和实现方法，具体包括6自由度宏动机器人、6自由度精密微动工作台、集成微力检测与反馈的组合式微夹持器和位姿检测装置等可重构模块。

The superficial blood vessels could cross two or more pulmonary lobules, and the pleural superficial blood vessels and the interlobular blood vessels were mutual transitional. The outlines of lobules composed of vascular networks were various in size and form, and the lobular septa were also different in depth. The subpleural arterioles could be divided into arteriole, terminal arteriole, precapillary arteriole and capillary in turn according to the branching sequence of themselves. The plate-like, sieve-like and web-like vascular networks occurred in the subpleural microvascular networks.

胸膜面浅层的血管可以跨越两个或多个肺小叶表面，浅层的血管可与小叶间隔的微血管之间相互移行；由微血管网形成的肺小叶的轮廓大小不等、形态各异，小叶间隔的深度也有所不同；胸膜下微动脉可根据逐级分支的顺序将其分为微动脉、终末微动脉、毛细血管前微动脉和毛细血管；胸膜下毛细血管网中可见板块状、筛网状和网络状血管网。

The vessels from the lung parenchyma branched into the pleural superficial vessels, the interlobular vessels and the subpleural microvessels. The subpleural arterioles also could be divided into arteriole, terminal arteriole, precapillary arteriole and capillary in turn. Most subpleural capillary meshes were web-like, and also the small holes and sieve-like meshes occurred in the subpleural microvascular networks. The interlobular blood vessels and the superficial blood vessels were mutual transitional.

从肺实质内穿出的微血管可发出分支至胸膜面浅层、小叶间隔和胸膜下微血管网中；胸膜下微动脉也可分为微动脉、终末微动脉、毛细血管前微动脉和毛细血管四级；胸膜下毛细血管网多数呈网络状，也可见到呈"小孔状"的结构和筛网状的血管网；小叶间隔的微血管与胸膜面浅层的微血管之间可以相互移行。

No entire nitrendipine crystals were observed visually in SEM photos. The results of X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated that the crystalline form of nitrendipine was highly dispersed in microspheres, so as amorphous state. The drug release rate of microspheres could be controlled with adjusting the ratio of solid dispersion carriers and retarding agents formulated. The agitation speed and temperature of the preparation process have distinct effect on micromeritic properties of microspheres. The release profiles of the microspheres were mainly affected by the stirring rate of paddle, the concentration of SDS and pH of dissolution medium. Cooling speed and time, however, have no evident influence on the drug release rate of the microspheres. The dissolution data showed that the mechanism of drug release from microsphers was mainly diffusion-controlled. The incorporation efficiencies of 3 batches sample were exceed 96. 8％, which implied that the current method was suitable for design sustained-release dosage form for poorly water-soluble drug.

在扫描电子显微镜下观察，在微球内外未发现尼群地平的完整结晶，X-射线粉末衍射和差示扫描量热试验结果也显示，尼群地平已经被高度分散在微球中；微球的释药速度可通过调整处方中固体分散体载体和阻滞剂的比例控制；制备温度和搅拌速度对微球的质量影响较大；溶出仪的搅拌速度，释放介质的浓度和pH对微球的释放有较大的影响；制备过程中的冷却速度和冷却时间对微球的释放行为影响不很明显；方程拟合的结果表明缓释微球的释药行为符合扩散机制；测定三批微球样品的包封率均在96.8％以上，表明该法适合于制备难溶性药物的缓释微球。

The induction effects of SO 2 inhalation on micronuclei formation in the polychromatophilic erythroblasts of mouse bone marrow and protection effect of Seabuckthorn seed oil were studied in vivo.

结果表明：(1)短期与长期 SO2 吸入均可引起小鼠骨髓 PCE细胞微核率和微核细胞率显著升高，且有明确的剂量-效应关系；(2 )随着吸入的 SO2 浓度的增高，不仅单微核细胞率，而且双微核细胞率均显著升高；(3) SO2对阳性致突变剂乌拉坦诱发微核的作用有显著抑制效应；(4 )沙棘油对 SO2 诱发 PCE微核的效应有防护作用。

The dynamical characteristics of a low voltage MicroGrid from grid-connected mode to islanded mode with different distributed generation configuration schemes are analyzed by using simulation method,and the corresponding changing laws of each DG's power,voltage and frequency of MicroGrid are obtained.

通过算例仿真研究了不同分布式电源配置方案下低压微网从并网模式向孤网模式转换的动态运行特性，获得了分布式电源的功率、微网电压和频率的变化规律。如果选择微型燃气轮机作为微网的功率支撑手段，在微网从并网向孤网过渡过程中，系统频率波动较大，且部分分布式电源有可能在低频保护动作下与电网隔离，不利于微网的稳定运行；增加储能设备后，储能设备对于微网的稳定运行可发挥重要的作用。

The results show that glycerol, as surfactant, with a concentration of I % can alternate the interfacial tension between water and oil to some extent; thusly, the conglomeration problem can be inhibited during the microencapsulation process. Meanwhile, by controlling the reaction rate of condensation polymerization and adjusting the pH of the system, the floccules can be restrained effectively, and microcapsules with smooth surfaces are obtained. Finally, the addition of NH4Cl may result in properly strengthened microcapsules to resist the collapse during nature drying.

结果表明：采用质量分数为1%甘油做表面活性剂，可适当调节油／水界面张力，抑制微胶囊化过程中的黏结团聚；通过调节体系pH值，控制缩聚反应速率，可有效抑制水相中絮状树脂的产生，得到表面光滑的微胶囊；采用氯化铵作固化剂对微胶囊进行固化，可有效提高微胶囊的机械强度，得到在自然干燥后不破裂的微胶囊。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。