可变化

Because the moisture at the atmosphere is not evenly distributed and its changes in time and space are greatly varied, therefore, observing the change of precipitable water at the atmosphere is a very important index in predicting the weather.

大气中，水的三态变化是影响天气的主要动能，但是水气分布极为均，时空变化很大，因此监测大气可水的变化是预测天气非常重要的指标。

In this thesis, the methods of surrounding rock masses stability classification on the basis of the geological documentation of muck and the boring parameters of TBM are approached, especially as follows:①The geological documentation of muck and the boring parameters of TBM in the Yellow River Diversion Project.of shanxi province is summarized systematically;②Based on the geological documentation of muck and the boring parameters of TBM, that whether the common methods of surrounding rock masses stability (the methods of regular factor classification) classification are feasible, is carried on the discussion;③According to the corresponding relation of muck and the boring parameters of TBM and the surrounding rock masses stability type, the extension assessment method of tunnel surrounding rock masses stability classification is set up, also the corresponding fortran calculation procedure worked out, and not only rational result in conformity with the reality can be obtained, but also the stability situation of surrounding rock masses in front of the working range can be predicted according to the change of the dependent value in the application instance of Yellow River Diversion Project;④Combining with the application instance of Yellow River Diversion Project, extension assessment method in the application of surrounding rock masses stability classification is compared and verificated in detail by applying fuzzy synthesis method by forefathers, and a certain degree discussion and summary about the application achievement of surrounding rock masses stability classification, which is assessed by extension assessment method and fuzzy synthesis method, are carried on.

本文基于渣料和TBM掘进参数的地质编录提供的地质信息进行了围岩稳定分类方法的探讨，重点进行：①对引黄工程中渣料和TBM掘进参数的地质编录的系统整理；②基于渣料和TBM掘进参数的地质编录获得的地质信息，对常用围岩稳定分类方法是否能够进行围岩稳定分类进行了探讨；③根据渣料和TBM掘进参数与围岩稳定类型的对应关系，应用可拓理论，建立了隧洞围岩稳定分类的可拓评价方法，还编制了相应的fortran计算程序，并在引黄工程的应用实例中不仅取得了与客观实际相符的合理结果，而且根据其关联度值的变化能够预测临近掌子面前方围岩的稳定情况；④结合引黄工程的应用实例运用模糊综合评判方法对可拓评判方法在围岩稳定分类中的应用进行了详细的验证、比较，并对前人在运用可拓学和模糊数学进行岩体稳定评判的应用成果方面，进行了一定的探讨、总结。

Several experimental applications have been developed finally. In this paper, there areinnovations from the following four aspects:1. Definition and research methods of current distributed system and distributedinteractive simulation system follow those of traditional parallel computing system.While this paper points out it is one-sided to measure the scalability just from thenumber of processors and performance of a system, because the resources of distributed systems are heterogeneous and they can be used in diverse applications. Inthis paper, scalability of distributed interactive simulation platform is defined as theability of scaling (including scale-up and scale-down) in functionality and performanceof systems which is run on the platform when number of processors and otherhardware resources such as network change, i.e. when problem size is scaled up and system resources is increased, the performanceremains fixed and it is easy to expand the functions of simulationapplications.

本文的创新工作主要体现在下述4个方面：1、现有的分布式系统和分布式交互仿真系统可扩性的定义和研究方法都沿用了传统的并行计算系统可扩性的定义和研究方法，本文指出分布式系统的系统资源异构多样、应用种类丰富多样，只从传统方法采用的处理机资源和性能角度衡量一个系统是否可扩是有一定的片面性，提出了分布式交互仿真平台可扩性的定义是在处理机和网络等系统资源变化时，运行在平台上的分布式交互仿真系统在性能和功能方面发生扩缩的能力，即当问题规模扩大时，增加系统资源，系统能获得指定的性能及在功能方面能方便进行扩充。

This paper has studied the physiological and biochemical changes during the period of forming strong buds of tree peony, and expect to provide academic basis for extending its view value and economic benefit . The main results are as the following:1 Under the field condition, Characteristics of photosynthesis of tree peony are very regular. From before blooming to the prophase of abducting buds that after blooming ,that is April,May and June,the net photosynthetic rate of tree peony is higher than the other period .It indicates that this period is very important for accumulating photosynthetic products of tree peony . So, if we want to get quality flower of tree peony ,it is very important to strengthen the management of tree peony cultivation and to ensure provide the fertilizer and water.2 From the middle ten days of June, with the time elapsing and with the environment conditions worsening, the characteristics of photosynthesis of tree peony decline deeply. But it is different among different tree peony breeds. For example , cv. Wu Long Peng Sheng can also has higher net photosynthetic rate, it indicates that cv. Wu Long Peng Sheng is super than the other two tree peony breeds when adapting the environment conditions and cv. Wu Long Peng Sheng has wide prospect to extend .3 The main factors of effecting the characteristics of photosynthesis are stomatal factor and non-stomatal factor ,that is the ability of photosynthesis of leaf cells. Under the environment of high light intensity in midsummer, if overshadow tree peony properly, then it can slow the declining of chlorophyll content, and increase the net photosynthetic rate and benefit for the accumulating of photosynthetic products.4 The content of soluble sugar in the root of tree peony is the highest among different organs during the period of forming strong buds . According to analyse ,we believe that the soluble sugar will compose starch then, and provide the solid base of material for the growth and development next year. It provide us strong academic basis of adopting the method of cultivating root and protecting root under thefield environment conditions .In other words ,it will help to increase the health level of the whole plant of tree peony and will be beneficial to forming quality tree peony flower if we strengthen the management of root. 5 To tree peony, the endogenesis hormone is important for its growth and development .In the prophase ,that is about the blooming of tree peony and the mid-summer ,IAA and ZR contents are higher and GA content is lower and its changes are very little, and the content of ABA is decreasing . This indicates that IAA and ZR act the important promote function for growth and development of tree peony in this period, and the function of GA is not important. Bur in the period of anniversary senescence of tree peony , the content of IAA and ZR begin to decrease ,while the ABA content has a certain rebound .T

本研究对几个牡丹品种壮芽形成过程中的某些生理生化变化做了研究，以期了解牡丹生长发育过程中生理生化的变化规律，探讨大田栽培条件下提高牡丹花质量的栽培措施和管理技术，为提高牡丹的观赏价值和经济效益提供理论依据，结果如下：1 大田栽培条件下，牡丹光合特性在生长发育过程中表现出极强的规律性，牡丹各品种的光合速率从牡丹开花前，到牡丹花谢后的花芽诱导期前期（6月10日之前），也就是在4、5、6月份，各牡丹品种的净光合速率相对与其他时间都维持在比较高的水平，这说明，在这段时间，是牡丹光合产物积累的重要时期，因此，要保证得到高质量的牡丹花，在这段时间加强对牡丹的栽培管理，保证这个时期的肥水供应十分重要。2 从6月中旬后，随时间的推移，环境条件的恶化，牡丹的光合性能剧烈下降，但是不同牡丹品种间仍有差异，比如，乌龙捧盛仍可维持较高的光合水平，这说明了乌龙捧盛这个牡丹品种对于环境的适应性较之其他牡丹品种高，有着广泛的推广前景。3 影响牡丹光合性能的主要因子是气孔因素和非气孔因素即叶肉细胞的光合能力，在盛夏高温高光强的环境条件下，对牡丹进行适当遮荫，能缓解牡丹叶绿素水平的下降，适当提高Pn，有利于光合产物的积累。4 可溶性糖在牡丹各品种的壮芽形成过程中，根中可溶性糖的含量在牡丹各部位中始终维持最高水平，分析认为这些可溶性糖在根系中进一步合成淀粉等储藏性物质，为来年牡丹的生长提供雄厚的物质基础，这为我们在大田栽培条件下对牡丹采取养根护根的栽培措施提供了有力的理论依据，即在大田栽培条件下，加强对牡丹根系的管理，有助于提高牡丹整株的健壮程度，有益于形成高质量的牡丹花。5内源激素对牡丹的生长发育调节作用是十分明显的，在前期，即开花前后和盛夏，IAA和ZR含量维持在比较高的水平，GA含量低且变化不明显，ABA含量逐渐降低，说明了IAA和ZR对牡丹在这段时间内的生长发育起到重要的促进作用，GA的作用不是很明显，ABA可能在高温高光强下有明显的升高，也说明了ABA的确有一些促进作用，但是到了牡丹周年衰老期，IAA和ZR的含量开始下降，ABA含量却有了一定程度的反弹，说明了IAA和ZR的作用开始降低，ABA起到了促进衰老的作用

Test results show the linearity of COCT is better than IEC 0.2 class limit, and is suitable to the applications, in which the voltages are higher than 220 kV, the COCT accuracy is almost not affected by the existence of neighbor phases. The temperature test result tells in the temperature range of 50 ℃ the error of COCT is less than 1%, much better than an uncompensated one 16%. And thus the effectiveness of COCT is verified.

试验结果表明：比较式光学电流互感器的线性度可达到IEC 0.2级要求；在光学电流互感器适用的220 kV以上电压等级应用场合，比较式光学电流互感器具有较好的抗干扰性能；在50 ℃温度变化范围内，普通光学电流互感器的误差变化量高达16%，而比较式光学电流互感器的误差变化仅有1%，证实了基于比较法的补偿方案的有效性。

Using the sign if icance of these characters in the aspect of sediment environment, th is paper analyzed C and O iso tope ofQ ian jiang Saline lake and educed conclu sion s: there are good relat ivity betw een the change of clim ate and sedim ent\r\nenvironm en t and the con tent's change of C and O iso tope from high to low; it is aobturated saline lake of\r\ninnerland tow ard Q ian jiang saline lake, and the con ten t of C and O iso tope was primarily decided that Ciso tope is - 5‰ and O isotope is - 2‰.

主要介绍了碳和氧同位素的地球化学特征，利用这些特征在沉积环境方面的指示意义分析了潜江盐湖的碳、氧同位素并得出了以下认识：碳、氧同位素值的高低变化与气候的变化和沉积环境的变化具有很好的相关性；潜江盐湖是一个封闭的内陆盐湖，就该湖而言，其碳同位素值可初步确定为- 5‰，其氧同位素值为- 2‰。

Language changes can be categorized into two types: unguided change and guided change.

语言变化发展的形式可归结为两种：非引导性变化和引导性变化。

For eliminate redundant stress in spring unit brought by continuously variation of strain,in wind spring device,the adopt spiral output wheel with continuously variant radii was used and the variation of moment can be canceled out by variation of radii,the approximate constant output force can be obtained.

为消除弹簧装置中应力随应变不断变化而产生的多余应力，在卷簧结构中，采用螺旋变径输出轮，用半径的变化抵消力矩的变化，获得近似恒定的输出力。在精度要求不高的场合，采用此方式可形成简便可靠的近似恒力的弹簧装置

From the analysis of the historical and measured data, some tendencies of flood in Zhejiang in the global change are predicted: 1low water year will take the upper hand in ten years or more, the global change will make the temporal and spatial changes of flood in Zhejiang more violent, and the flood disasters in coast area more serious.

中文摘要：根据历史和实测资料分析，对于全球变化下浙江近期洪水的运作大势，可得如下几点认识：（1）在未来的十几年之内，浙江省将处在枯水年占优势的阶段，但全球变化将使浙江洪水的时空变化更为剧烈，使沿海地区的洪水灾害更为严重。

Modification of Simple Formula on Bonds Yield to Maturity;2. Application of Real Option in the Credit Management of Bonds;3. This paper analyses the investing value and speculating value of covertible bonds according to the features of their liability contracts and stock call option.

从可转换公司债券的债务合约特征和股票看涨期权特征出发，分析了其投资价值和投机价值，从而构造出可转换公司债券的投资收益曲线；阐述了可转换公司债券投资的最小值原理，对其投资收益的评估进行了讨论；分析了影响可转换公司债券的基本因素及其随这些因素而变化的基本规律。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。