可取代的

This route overcomes the shortcoming on environmental pollution and poison in the cyanide process, which is widely applied in our country. This route isnt known in our country. It is a new environmental pollution process, and is in according with the progress of industrial policy. In the second step, the methyl isobutyl ketone which introduced in the patent is replaced by the material A, and the marketable foreground of the byproduct is considered. It is an innovated process, which can supply a gap in our county.

文中探讨的工艺路线克服了国内所广泛采用的氰化法路线所带来的环境污染和人体危害问题，目前国内尚未有报道，是一条新型的环保路线，符合国家产业政策的发展方向，而且在第二步3-氨基丙醇的合成中，用原料A取代专利中介绍的甲基异了酮，在获得产物的同时又兼顾了副产物的市场潜力，工艺上具有创新性，可填补国内该工艺路线的空白。

The Diels-Alder cycloadditions of [60] fullerene for preparation of optical limitingmaterials are discussed in chapter 3 and 6. Soluble cycloaddition derivatives of 〓aresynthesized by the reaction of 〓 with indene,1,1'-biindene andcyclopentadiene derivatives.〓Particular, the Diels-Alder cycloaddition of 〓 with1,1'-biindene under controlled conditions affords the stable monoadduct 〓〓of novel structure, which was confirmed by HPLC, FTIR, FD-MS,〓NMR,〓 NMR, HMQC and HMBC spectra, Its two bridgehead cage carbons resonate at70.91ppm, The 〓 NMR spectra showed 38 lines consistent with the 〓 symmetryassociated with [6,6] addition. The 〓 shows similar optical limitingproperties to that of 〓 in toluene for 8ns laser at wave length 532nm. Moreover, thehigh solubility of this adduct in polar solvents such as THF, acetone enables itsincorporation into sol-gel glass matrix. The thin films prepared via the sol-gel methodshow improved OL behaviour compared to those of 〓. The langmuir-Blodgett filmformation and uv-visible absorption of 〓 are also investigated. LBmonolayer of this compound is prepared on the air-water interface at 〓 mol/l. In chapter 4, three water-soluble derivatives of [60] fullerene: fullerol(1), theaddition product (2)of fullerol (1)with polyvinylpyrrolidone and fumaric acidderivative of 〓(3) are synthesized and characterized.

通过Diels-Alder环加成反应，用茚〓和1，1'-联茚〓及取代茂合成了一系列可溶性的〓环加成衍生物，发现可控制反应条件，使1，1'-联茚与〓反应，并高产率地得到具有新颖结构的单加成物，用HPLC、FTIR、FD-MS 及〓、HMQC、HMBC等多种波谱技术对其结构进行表征，测得它的两个〓杂化的桥头碳的化学位移为〓ppm，证明生成的衍生物为6∶6闭式环加成，〓NMR谱中共给出38个信号，表明〓联茚衍生物分子具有〓对称性；在波长532nm，脉冲宽度8ns的激光下，〓联茚衍生物的甲苯溶液的光限幅性能与〓的甲苯溶液相近，由于〓联茚单加成衍生物熱稳定性好，在四氢呋喃，丙酮等极性溶剂中溶解性好，能分别均匀地掺入溶胶-凝胶中，已发现它的溶胶(so1)光限幅性能优于纯〓的光限幅性能；使用Langmuir-Blodgett技术将〓联茚衍生物在空气和水的界面进行了LB单层膜和多层膜实验以及UV-Vis吸收谱研究，通过等温压缩曲线测试，证明浓度为〓〓时，〓联茚衍生物能够形成单层膜。

Next, the Bandelet transform is taken on each directional subband. The proposed multidirectional and multiscale transform with critical sampling can represent the geometrical features such as edges and texture more sparsely, which is of great benefit to image compression.

原始的Contourlet变换有大于1的冗余度而不适于图像压缩的要求，采用传统的张量积小波变换取代其中的拉普拉斯金字塔式变换可获得非冗余的变换形式[8]，Bandelet变换是一种基于图像边缘的变换方法，它能自适应地跟踪图像的几何正则方向。

Seven polyimides were synthesized and their films were uniaxially stretched to observe the variation in their in-plane birefringence. The creep method of DMA was used instead in stretching the PI films. The preload force and isothermal temperature were the two controlled factors that were chosen on the basis of the lowest stretchable force and lowest temperature for each PI structure. The elongation ratio of a PI film was then decided by the stretching time.

在此是以DMA 的另一种试片拉伸方式-Creep模式，来取代之前的Stress Relaxation模式对PI薄膜试片进行拉伸实验，Creep模式是以最低的拉伸力量及最低的拉伸温度的前提下，选择Pre-load Force与Isothermal Temperature这二项为拉伸控制因素，在此状态下的PI薄膜拉伸比是取决於其拉伸的时间，此种拉伸模式将可得到较高的拉伸比，而高的拉伸比是获取较高薄膜双折射率的必要条件。

In fact, the historican learners have been paying more attention to the steamship and train on account of the transport weans imported from the western society, but the study on Auto have almost been nothing.,My paper think the significances of Auto had replaced the train after the first world war, and the research of Auto s value reached the climax in Anti桱apanese war0 It will deepen and develop the study of the Modern Chinese social history, military history, economical history, technical history or industrical history , and even that cultural history,,This paper is divided into five parts.?

实际上，就近代中国从西方引进的交通设施而言，史学界主要关注于轮船和铁路，对于近代中国汽车的研究近乎空白。本文认为，自欧战以后，汽车对于中国社会的重要性逐渐取代铁路，并在抗战期间达到顶峰。通过对本课题的研究，在一定程度上可深化和拓展近代中国社会史、经济史、技术史或工业史、军事史、城市史乃至文化史的研究。本文的正文部分共分五个部分。

The fabrication of frits by sintering the packing material in the two end of the packed-capillary is substituted by drawing out fine tapers.

有鉴於挡板在填充式毛细管电层析质谱造成的影响，实验的第二部份是在毛细管两端以拉尖缩口的方式取代挡板的烧制，可减少毛细管在制作及操作上的困难。

Write the words lunatic, can not make real lunatic behavior but I revel in semi-sober among Banfeng like to drink a small wine Lose Tune acts can still uncertainty in the minds of state Banfeng, I think all too normal surrounding normal that I insisted another self-editing can put them familiar with it and let me be very difficult, Just as the executive and said "I have not drunk" embarrassment may not be the same dilemma lies in ourselves, but cause problems for others how to bring a half-drunk to also read "I have not drunk" person to dispose of properly - I thought that "I have not drunk" means edit out a normal ourselves, They will also agree that the normal I can this is not the side they will fight back "I know you did not get drunk", While supposed to give you a bath, or you make tea, shrub like vinegar in a meet each other, I think they recognize I did not get drunk They also want recognition I did not get drunk while I can really wake While walking, but already half-drunk, with Pan Feng.

现在不在执拗的认定，一个人一辈子只爱一个人是值得称许的，童话里王子永远只爱一个人那是童话，要保留纯净，现实是，公主和王子都已经慢慢长大，人和人之间渐行渐远，城堡已经凋敝，粉红的玫瑰早就开始败色，一个人为另一个人守是心里留着她的位置，凭谁也取代不了，后来的影象与先人也不要重叠，各有位置才好。如何的依依不舍都将离去，你能了解吗，我非常羡慕那些能我们的王挖土守城的人，是的，他们的确非常辛苦，但是当他们从天没亮做到夜晚，觉得非常辛苦的时候，他们能回家，他们有家可归，而我必须要远涉千里去赴那死亡的盛宴。

The advantage of CFD numerical simulation especially displays in the development of the new products, it not only can replace theroutine experiment and offer various kinds of flow characteristic parameters by a large margin , It not only can replace conventional experimental substantially provide various flow parameters, and reveals through three-dimensional flow field pattern to optimize design based on detailed. CFD numerical simulation in this text applications will greatly enhance the cage control valve design and the technical level and product quality, reducing cage control valve design and processing cycle, significant cost savings, And optimizes through the flow channel, to reduce fluid flow through the valve of energy loss, improving efficiency in the use of energy have the extremely vital significance.

CFD数值模拟的优势尤其表现在新产品的研制开发中，它不但能大幅度取代常规实验提供各种流动特性参数，而且能通过揭示流场三维分布形态为优化设计提供详细依据；文中所采用CFD方法必将大大提高套筒型调节阀设计的技术含量与产品质量，可缩短调节阀的设计和加工周期，节省大量成本，并且通过流道优化，对降低流体流过调节阀的能量损失，提高能源利用率等具有十分重要的意义。

The article introduced the configuration,the work principle and the hydraulic system in the newfashioned power pressing-explosive machine and adopted programmable logic controller control the hydraulic system to accomplish the action of the power pressing-explosive machine.

介绍了新型压药机的结构及工作原理、新型压药机的液压系统，并采用可编程序控制器控制液压系统实现压药机的动作，取代了传统的继电器控制，提高了系统的可靠性和灵活性。

By defining several localindices which can be easily calculated from these ground-state wavefunctions, we first succeeded in explaining bond lengths, orientation ofelectrophilic aromatic substitution, and local aromaticity of these benzenoidhydrocarbons within the VB theory. Moreover, the energy splittings betweenthe ground state and first excited state are applied to correlate with theiroverall aromatic characters, the results are also in good agreement withrelated predictions from MO theory.

通过定义一些可由基态波函数直接计算的局域指标，首次在VB模型下成功地解释了苯型烃的键长、亲电取代反应的方向及局域芳香性，并用基态与第一激发态的能量差讨论了这些分子的整体芳香性，得到了与分子轨道理论的预测基本平行的结果。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。