可发现性

It can be concluded from the above analysis that at the beginning of language, simple linguistic signs, coming from sound imitation, natural exclamation and morphological stimulation, took a strong feature of iconicity, while arbitrariness still existed to a little extent. With time going by, the primitives had to create more linguistic signs to meet their needs of survival and development, so that they arbitrarily related the sound patterns and concepts to conventionalize them as linguistic signs adopted in the whole society. During this period of time, arbitrariness played a more important role, while iconicity still worked as phenomena of phonaesthesia designate. With society developing, human beings found that it was not enough to create new signs at will, so they began to make use of some principles like compound, derivation, etc. to form new linguistic signs, either simple or complex. The linguistic signs formed during this period of time always took a better disguise to be iconic, while no one until now could defuse the contributions of arbitrariness of their formation. From the above investigations, it can be seen that arbitrariness and iconicity interact in the whole process of language development at the level of lexicon. If there were no arbitrariness, human language could not expand at the very beginning.

因此可做如下推论：在语言产生之初，简单语言符号的产生常常都是有理据的、象似的，但是仍不排除任意性的作用；后来有理据的词无法满足人们生存和发展的要求，人们开始任意地连接声音形象和概念，并约定俗成获得语言符号，此时任意性起主导作用，但是象似性在音义关系中对语言符号的产生起着不可否认的作用；随着社会的发展，人们发现这些词已经不再能满足需要，而创造更多的词也不是很可能，所以人们开始采用一些构词法来创造新的语言符号，此时产生的语言符号往往更具象似性，但其核心仍然是任意的。

The ecological mechanism of fertility transition for a thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line,Qiong-68 ms,was evaluated by means of sowing by stages,investigating leafage and detecting the fertility of pollen.

采用分期播种、叶龄调查以及花粉镜检等方法，对玉米温敏核雄性不育系琼68 ms 育性转换的生态机制进行了研究，发现琼68 ms的育性变化主要受温度影响，日最高温度是其育性转换的主要因素，表现为高温不育，低温可育，育性转换的温度范围为30~33℃，雄穗发育的小穗分化期是对温度敏感的关键时期。

Phylogenetic analysis of the long terminal repeatand env gene of htlv-1 gave a phylogenetic classification of htlv-1 genotypes into five major molecular subtypes: cosmopolitan, japanese, west african, central african, and melanesian. in order to understand the major genotype of htlv-1 prevalent in china, htlv-1 env gene was amplified by pcr and sequenced from peripheral blood lymphocyts of three htlv-1 carriers in the putian region of fujian province.

根据基因组及血清学反应可将其分为人t淋巴细胞白血病病毒1型（htlv-1）和2型（htlv-2），两型病毒基因组同源性大于60％。htlv-1主要侵染t淋巴细胞，可引起成人t细胞白血病、热带下肢痉挛性瘫痪或htlv-1相关脊髓病，并且在多种自身免疫病患者体内也发现了该病毒的存在。

IL-1βmRNA expression in the developmental brain in Wistar rat: IL-1β mRNA in hippocampus, cerebral cortex and subcortex was detected by postnatal day 1 and gradually increased with development, reached a peak at postnatal day 21, and then gradually decreased to lower level at adult; In P77PMC rat, IL-1β mRNA expression was similar to Wistar rat before postnatal day 14, then gradually increased and surpassed Wistar rat at postnatal day 28, reached a peak in adult.

原位杂交显示谷氨酸诱导Wistar大鼠惊厥和P77PMC大鼠听源性惊厥后脑内IL-1βmRNA表达情况。结果发现，两种不同惊厥模型大鼠惊厥后脑内IL-1βmRNA表达存在明显的差异。谷氨酸引起惊厥诱导脑内皮层、海马和丘脑IL-1βmRNA表达增高的程度远较P77PMC大鼠听源性惊厥为低，而且惊厥后IL-1βmRNA表达增加较慢，于4-8h达高峰，而听源性惊厥可于惊厥后2h迅速达高峰。但两种形式惊厥诱导脑内IL-1βmRNA表达最高的部位均是海马。

After the application of 100μ M linopirdine to OHCs, the peak K+ current was reversibly blocked and the late K+ current was partly reduced. In addition, the decay time constant of the TEA-sensitive K+ current was prolonged in the presence of 100μ M linopirdine. The inward current in OHCs was totally inhibited after the superfusion of 100μ M and 200μ M linopirdine respectively.

结果发现，在正常细胞外液中，单离外毛细胞可记录到四乙基二乙胺敏感的外向性钾电流和静息膜电位附近激活的内向性钾电流（ the K+ current activated at negative potential， IKn）两种钾电流，而单离Deiters细胞中只记录到外向整流性钾电流。

The effect of N-phosphoamino acids on plant cells'membrane permeability was investigated by osmotic method. It was found that in all N-phosphoamino acids, only some phosphoryl polar amino acids such as DIPPSer, DIPPThr, DIPPHis, DIPPAsp, DIPPGlu, DIPPAsn and free serine, threonine could increase the water permeability in plant cell membrane. For example, after 20min. treatment by 1. 5mM DIPPSer, the deplasmolysis time of onion cells was shortened 50%.

三、通过透性实验研究了N-磷酰化氨基酸对洋葱、豌豆等植物细胞膜水透性及溶质透性的影响，发现在所有的N-磷酰化氨基酸及自由氨基酸中，仅有部分N-磷酰极性氨基酸和自由的丝、苏氨酸对植物细胞膜上水透性有增强作用，如1.5mM N-磷酰化丝氨酸可使洋葱细胞质壁复原时间缩短一半以上。

Therapeutic ultrasound has been used in the treatment of osteoarthritis for the relief of symptom and improvement of functional status. In recent study, we found that ultrasound enhances cartilage repair in experimental early stage osteoarthritis, and prevents deteriorative changes in later stages.

治疗性超音波已长久使用在关节炎治疗上以减轻关节炎症状并改善其功能，在最近的研究中我们发现超音波可促进大白鼠诱发性早期关节炎中关节软骨的修护，同时可阻止晚期关节炎中关节软骨的恶化。

In terms of pulmonary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, Xray can only detect the periosteum hyperplasia and interosseous membrane calcification, while CT can show changes in the density of marrow cavity, MRI the abnormal signals of cortical bone and marrow cavity.

肺性肥大性骨关节病X线检查仅能发现骨膜增生和骨间膜钙化。CT检查可显示髓腔密度不均。MRI检查可显示病变累及骨皮质及骨髓腔。

Benzoate (400 mg/kg) or creatinine (400 mg/kg), two inhibitors of DAAO, blocked D-NNA-induced pressor responses in rats. Furthermore, the addition of the pure DAAO significantly potentiates L-NNA production rate in kidney homogenates by approximately 2-folds. The in vivo and in vitro results suggested that DAAO plays an essential role in the pressor responses elicited by D-NNA.

体内实验显示，DAAO的选择性抑制剂苯甲酸钠(400mg/kg)或肌酐(400mg/kg)均可在不同程度上抑制D-NNA升压作用，进一步研究发现，肾脏或肝脏DAAO酶液在外加DAAO后可提高D-NNA的手性转化约2倍，表明DAAO对于D-NNA在体内的手性转化是必需的。

The author finds that cybersex presents the transformation of the intimacy. Cybersex can satisfy people's sexuality and thier desire to dominate over others, moreover, because of anonymity they can escape from the strangulation of power and gain the pleasure from thier adventure in virtual space.

研究发现在现代社会下，网路性爱的现象呈现出人们亲密性的转变，人们藉由网路性爱，可得到情欲满足与支配他人的欲望，亦可藉由网路匿名性，获得冒险的快感、避免权力的箝制，在虚拟空间中尽情展演。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。