可发现性

Both primary and secondary amines were readily aminolysized, but secondary amine gave relatively low yield. It appeared that the aminolysis had good selectivity since the intermediate Ⅲwas more readily attacked by N-nucleophiles than by 0- nucleophiles.

实验发现，芳香胺和非芳香胺均可获得良好的反应结果，但芳香胺所需的反应时间较长；伯胺和仲胺都是良好的胺解试剂，但使用仲胺时产率较低；N原子亲核试剂比O原子亲核试剂具有更大的反应性。

Under the status of isometric contraction, the higher neural center takes part in the alleviation of the inhibition, which might provide the theoretical foundation for treatment of arthrogenous muscle inhibition with isometric exercise.

等长收缩状态下，高位中枢参与了减轻抑制的作用，这个发现可作为等长练习治疗关节源性肌肉抑制的理论基础。

An inclusion complex -BINOL--Omeprazole or -BINOL--Omeprazole was first obtained from racemic omeprazole with chiral host --or --2, 2'- dihydroxy-1, 1'-binaphthyl in high selectivities, and thus both optically pure enantiomers of omeprazole were prepared as syrup with more than 99% enantiomeric excess, the overall yields of both two enantiomers are more than 60%.

首次发现光学纯R--或s--联二萘酚高效识别并包结R--或S--奥美拉唑，形成包结络合物的现象，并首次将包结拆分法应用于手性苯并咪唑类抗溃疡药物的制备，用一种构型的光学纯联二萘酚直接拆分奥美拉唑，可同时得到油状或糖浆状e.e。

During the development of dental germ, enamel matrix proteins secreted by epithelial root sheath could induce dental follicle cells to differentiate towards cementoblast and form acellular cementum finally on the surface of tooth root. Many researches of domestic and oversea scholars suggest that enamel matrix proteins could effectively induce periodontal regeneration, and the structure and function of this regenerated tissue are similar to healthy periodontal tissue. Moreover, the regeneration process is nearly the same to that of embryonic development of periodontal tissue.

自发现釉基质蛋白可诱使牙囊细胞向成牙骨质细胞方向分化并在根表面形成无细胞性牙骨质以来，国内外学者做了大量研究，结果表明釉基质蛋白能有效诱导牙周组织的再生，且这种再生组织的结构和功能更接近于健康的牙周组织，并且再生过程也与牙周组织的胚胎发育过程类似。

The abdominal wall in the left lower quadrant, 2 finger breadths (3 cm) cephalad and 2 finger breadths medial to the anterior superior iliac spine, has been shown to be thinner and with a larger pool of fluid than the midline and is usually a good choice for needle insertion for performance of a therapeutic paracentesis.27 The right lower quadrant may be a suboptimal choice in the setting of a dilated cecum or an appendectomy scar.

在过去，常常将腹部正中线耻骨与肚脐中间定为穿刺点，现在，由于腹腔穿刺引流大量液体以及腹中部脂肪厚度增加，左下腹成为腹腔穿刺部位（表1），在左下腹部中线至髂前上棘连线上2指宽（3cm）与距髂前上棘2指宽，已经显示较中部脂肪少及腹水较多是治疗性腹腔穿刺好的首选部位27，在盲肠有扩张或阑尾切除术后瘢痕时右下腹是次选的穿刺部位，应避开腹壁下动脉，这些血管走行在耻骨与髂前上棘之间的中线然后在腹直肌中向上行走，，腹壁可见的侧支循环亦应该避开，腹腔镜检查发现侧支循环可出现在中线并且在腹腔穿刺时有导致血管破裂的风险28。

Human chorionic gonadotropin is a kind of glycoprotein which is synthesized by placenta tissue and chorionepithelioma. However, it has recently been found that HCG expressed in many non - germinal tumors, and was closely related with the differentiation, infiltration and metastasis of tumors.

人绒毛膜促性腺激素是由胎盘组织和绒毛膜细胞癌产生的一种糖蛋白，近几年发现其可在许多非生殖性肿瘤中出现，并且与肿瘤的分化程度、浸润转移有密切关系。

As the disease progresses, fatty plaques and fibrous tangles of protein build up in the brain, ensnaring nerve cells and eventually strangling them to death .

但现在，科学家已经确定4种可引起常见早老性痴呆症的基因。在一项针对1300多个家庭的研究中，科学家发现了这些基因。

Enteritidis were obtained from poultry and its meat products.The antibiotic resistance of food isolates was higher than clinical isolates. The drug resistance spectrum of diarrhea patients isolates in 2006 was different from that in 2007.76 strains including 13 food-borne strains belong to 21 PFGE pattern combinations,and their genetic similarly was higher than 80%.

包括13株食品株在内共76株肠炎菌株可分为21种PFGE带型，遗传同源性接近80%，优势带型依次为3型（34株）、1型（12株）、2型（5株）和5型（5株），除2型外均发现有与腹泻株同型的食源株。2006和2007年的PFGE1/2型病例分别为4例和12例。

The location and structures of sex-pheromone-producing gland in female H.insularis were studied by EAG,GC,SEM,and TEM.These studies showed that thegland situate in the intersegmental membrane between the eighth and ninthabdominal segments,and is an eversible abdominal fold;Many plump cones disturbon the surface of the gland.The glandular cells of 2-day old virgin female H.insularis are arranged in one layer,among which the central cells are columnarepithelial cells and flat on two sides.The nucleus is irregular elliptical.There isevident conjugation between cells and the involution is more in the basal membraneof cell.Microvilli are distributed on the cytoplasmic membrane and linked withendocuticle on which there are many layers of chitin,and the outer cuticule is staineddeeper.The cell contains bubbles,mitochondria,glycogen deposits,roughendoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

结合触角电位、毛细管气相色谱、扫描电镜、透视电镜等技术对小线角木蠹蛾雌蛾腹尖末端不同组织部位提取物的测定分析以及腺体位置和形态结构的观察发现：小线角木蠹蛾性信息素分泌腺位于腹部末端8～9节之间，是一个由节间膜特化而成的上皮结构，为一可外翻的腹褶，腺体表面分布着饱满的锥形体，羽化后2天未交尾的雌蛾腺体细胞呈单层排列，腹面中央由密集的柱形上皮细胞组成，细胞排列向两侧延伸至背部，其形状由柱形逐渐变为扁平形，细胞核为椭圆形，细胞与细胞间有明显的胞连接，细胞基底膜基褶较多，质膜上分布着微绒毛，并与内表皮连接，内表皮上有多层几丁质，外角质层染色较深，细胞质中含有空泡、线粒体、脂质粒、粗面内质网和光面内质网。

We have performed systematical studies on intrauterine transmission of hepatitis B virus and our studies suggested that HBV may occur through progressive infection of different placental layers until the virus reaches the fetoplacental circulation, which is the named "transplacental cellular traffic" except through placental tears with transfusion of infected maternal blood into the fetal circulation, which is the named "hematogenous transmission".

我室近年来对HBV宫内传播进行了系列研究，发现了胎盘在宫内传播中的作用，并提出了HBV宫内传播机制的假设：除血源性途径外，还可通过HBV在胎盘组织内的&细胞传递&途径，即HBV可以从母体蜕膜细胞通过&逐层转移&至胎儿绒毛毛细血管内皮细胞，导致胎儿感染。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。