句法的

The experimental results show that the accuracy rate is 96%.

实验结果表明，句法分析的准确率达到96%。

We speak in different ways, depending on the situation we're in. When we're with our friends, we speak casually. We may be careless about our grammar and use a lot of slang.

跟朋友在一起，我们的谈吐会很随意，不太会去在意句法，常常满嘴方言俚语。

Learning Chinese Bracketing Knowledge Based on a Bilingual Language Model.

基于双语模型的汉语句法分析知识自动获取。

Chinese teachers facilitate students' comprehension of the target language by using visual cues and gestures, restatement, clarification, paraphrase, circumlocution, elaboration, and by adjusting their rate of delivery and use of syntax, vocabulary, and intonation.

中文老师通过使用视觉信号和手势，重申，说明，释义，遁词，阐述，调整讲解速度，使用句法，词汇和语调来加强学生对目标语的理解。

Chinese Sentence Patterns are complex and diverse, which constitute the most important parts of Chinese syntactic theory.

汉语句型复杂多样，是汉语句法理论中一个重要的研究单位。

More profound discussion in the new theoretical framework will be offered to those previously discussed issues such as agent, patient, factitive, instrument, time; New insight will be provided into the problems existing in the previous research, such as the post-posing of agent, the syntactic representation of the instrument, and the rules of appearance and disappearance of the instrument in discourse; Specific topics are to be devoted for the first time to those semantic constituents that have ever been touched upon in the literature such as possessor, carrier, attribute, phenomenon, position, alternative participant, manner, accordance, reason; Specific topics are also dedicated to the newly-designated semantic constituents such as causee, phenomenon, undertaker, involvement, relative, comparative.

动元是动核结构中受动核支配的必有语义成分，现代汉语句子语义结构中动元的类别和数量如下： 1）主事动元，包括：施事、致事、经事、系事、起事 2）客事动元，包括：受事、使事、感事、涉事、止事、成事、位事、任事 3）与事动元，包括：当事、共事 4）补事动元——补事动核和动元构成基干的动核结构，若有状元则是扩展的动核结构，状元是语义结构中的可有语义成分，现代汉语句子语义结构中状元的类别和数量如下： 1）凭事状元，包括：工具、材料、方式、依据 2）境事状元，包括：时间、处所 3）因事状元，包括：原因、目的 4）关事状元，包括：对象、范围、方面、条件 5）比事状元——比事本文不仅建构出现代汉语句子语义结构类型系统和语义结构组成成分——语义成分系统，而且构拟出了现代汉语句子语义结构和句法结构的对应关系，讨论了语义成分投射为句法成分的一般规律和语用限制。

In this dissertation, the author introduces some key concepts such as VP-shells, features of Core Functional Categories and particularly those of the light verb v into the study, and makes a detailed study of causative uses of both English ergative verbs and Chinese adjectival verbs. It is proved there exists the light verb v in Chinese causative uses.

本文引入了最简理论方案中的几个关键概念，如VP 壳、核心功能语类，尤其是轻动词v 及其句法特征，并运用这些概念对英语作格动词的致使性用法和汉语使动用法进行了详细的分析，确定了汉语使动用法中轻动词的存在及其句法结构，并合理地解释了在轻动词的影响下语序的改变以及致使意义的产生过程。

The translators' translation strategies and especially their thinking at various stages are the major concerns of the investigation. The findings are as follows: 1. As soon as the translator uses his visual recognition system to build a linear sentence, the sentence will move down to the translator's FLS and FSS, which functions as sifters. 2. It is important to analyze out "participants","process" and "relations among them" by semantic analyzer. 3. Pragmatic analysis is sometimes conscious and sometimes unconscious. 4. During the synthesis stage, translators tend to retain products synthesized from synthesis stage same in meaning, structure and style as the products analyzed from analyzer, which is the default way. However if he was not satisfied with the tentative products, he would send them back to syntactic analyzer or semantic analyzer to process them again. 5. Relative to synthesis, analysis is supposed to be the starting point.

主要推论如下：1、当译者用视觉辨认系统建立起线性的句子以后，句子就进入了译者的常用词汇存储和常用结构存储中，它们就像一个筛子，句子经过它们之后，在译者的短暂记忆中就剩下与它们没有重叠的生词和新句式结构了，然后这些生词和新句式结构就分别进入译者的词汇搜索机制和句法分析器中了。2、在翻译过程中进行&参与者&，&事件过程&以及&参与者与事件之间的关系&的语义分析，对于得到正确合适的翻译是非常重要的。3、语用分析有时是有意识的有时是无意识的。4、在合成阶段，译者通常都保持合成的结果和分析的结果在意义、形式、风格上一致，这是默认的途径，但是如果译者在合成阶段发现可能得到的结果不通顺或者译者不满意，他则会返回分析阶段，重新进行语用、语义或句法分析。5、分析是起点，合成是终点。

through text analysis,this paper examines the syntactic and morphological means typically employed in introducing topics into chinese and english texts and their relations to discourse anaphora.we find that in both chinese and english the most important means for introducing the most important and accessible topics into discourse are the indefinite nps used as objects in existential-presentative sentences,and that the indefinite demonstrative adjective zheme and this can be used as an additional means to emphasize the importance of the entity introduced.however,the two languages differ in that,in english texts,apart from the above-mentioned linguistic devices,definite nps functioning as indirect objects and names functioning as subjects also tend to be used to introduce relatively important topics,and the emphatic one,in contrast to the indefinite article "a",can be used as another linguistic means to give additional emphasis on the relative importance of the topic introduced.

摘 要：本文以民间故事为语料，分析和研究了英汉篇章中话题引入的句法和形态手段及其与篇章回指的关系。我们发现，两种语言的主要相似之处为：1用作存现宾语的无定名词短语是引入篇章中最为重要和最为可及话题的主要手段；2英汉无定指示形容词this和&这么&可用于进一步强调所引入话题的重要性。两种语言最主要的差别是：1在汉语中，存现结构中的无定名词短语似乎是引入重要篇章话题的唯一形态句法手段；而在英语中，除此之外，用作间接宾语的有定名词短语和用作主语的专有名词也可以用于引入一个相对重要的篇章话题。2在英语篇章中，另有一个标示重要话题的附加手段，即以one代替a，以便进一步强调所引入话题的重要性。

Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in natural language. In the course of communication between human beings, the ambiguity problem is not a great trouble because of the help of human intelligence. Therefore, it's not a problem to human translation of natural language. But for the machine who contains little intelligence, the ambiguous sentences begins to appear in a large scale and be a fundamental obstacle to machine translation . Statistics shows that a MT system with a welldefined syntactic rules produces 2. 8 parsing trees per sentence when English 900 is processed, and the average lexical ambiguity is 2. 5. Even though the property that language distribution is comparatively uneven have been taken into consideration, the probability to generate a correct daily-used sentence is below 40%.

歧义是自然语言中一个非常普遍的现象，在人们使用语言的过程中，由于人的特殊智能机制的存在，歧义并没有对理解构成太多的问题，因而也就没有对语言的翻译构成实质性的问题，但是，在基本上不具备智能机制的机器面前，歧义现象开始大量表现并对机器翻译构成威胁，实际统计表明，一个良好定义的语法分析系统在分析英语900句时，平均句法歧义2.8次，平均词汇歧义2.5次，即使考虑到句法及译义出现的概率的不均匀性，如果不作任何消歧处理，译对常用句子的可能性将低于40%，因此，解决机器翻译的歧义问题已成为众矢之的。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失