句法分析

Relative frequency and context bias conjointly act on the assignment of syntactic category. It is consistent with lexicalist theory, in which all kinds of knowledge are involved in syntactic and lexical ambiguity resolution, lots of constraints are available in parsing and meaning access, and the two types of ambiguities are resolved by the same processing mechanism.

3相对频率和语境偏向性共同影响歧义词意义通达和句法类别分配，支持词汇主义观点：广泛的知识被用于句法和词汇歧义解决，多种制约共同影响早期的句法分析和词汇意义通达，两种歧义解决的机制相同。

The main difference between the parser of natural language and formal language is the uncertainty of natural language.

自然语言的句法分析不同于程序设计语言的句法分析，主要在于自然语言的不确定性。

The goal of this paper is to recognize the boundaries of prepositional phrases automatically without introducing parsing technique.

本文研究的目标是：在不引进复杂的句法分析的前提下实现介词短语边界的自动识别，期望其作为句法分析预处理的一部分为句法分析提供一定的帮助。

The experimental result conducted on large-scale corpus indicates that the performance of this algorithm is remarkably higher than other usual lexical tagging algorithms such as hidden markov model. Meanwhile, by introducing the concept of confidence interval, implement an lexical tagger that combines SVM and HMM algorithms, reaching both high performance and efficiency.

针对句法分析的前期任务：词性标注的特点，提出创新的排歧算法，使得其精度和效率都得到非常显著的提高，为实现高精度和高效率的句法分析系统提供良好的基础。

First, a unified approach for segmentation and part of speech tagging is proposed based on hidden Markov model. The method not only conservers the merits of HMM which is simple and efficient but also improves the tagging accuracy. Then the head-driven model is used to recognize phrases. Head-driven model is a well-known English parsing model; we combine it with segmentation and POS tagging model and thus build a Chinese parser that can operate at the character level.

首先提出了一个一体化的分词/词性标注方法，该方法在隐马尔科夫模型的基础上引入词汇信息，既保留了HMM简单快速的特点，又有效提高了标注精度；然后应用中心驱动模型进行短语识别，这是一个词汇化的英文句法分析模型，该文将其同分词/词性标注模型结合进行汉语句法分析。

The translators' translation strategies and especially their thinking at various stages are the major concerns of the investigation. The findings are as follows: 1. As soon as the translator uses his visual recognition system to build a linear sentence, the sentence will move down to the translator's FLS and FSS, which functions as sifters. 2. It is important to analyze out "participants","process" and "relations among them" by semantic analyzer. 3. Pragmatic analysis is sometimes conscious and sometimes unconscious. 4. During the synthesis stage, translators tend to retain products synthesized from synthesis stage same in meaning, structure and style as the products analyzed from analyzer, which is the default way. However if he was not satisfied with the tentative products, he would send them back to syntactic analyzer or semantic analyzer to process them again. 5. Relative to synthesis, analysis is supposed to be the starting point.

主要推论如下：1、当译者用视觉辨认系统建立起线性的句子以后，句子就进入了译者的常用词汇存储和常用结构存储中，它们就像一个筛子，句子经过它们之后，在译者的短暂记忆中就剩下与它们没有重叠的生词和新句式结构了，然后这些生词和新句式结构就分别进入译者的词汇搜索机制和句法分析器中了。2、在翻译过程中进行&参与者&，&事件过程&以及&参与者与事件之间的关系&的语义分析，对于得到正确合适的翻译是非常重要的。3、语用分析有时是有意识的有时是无意识的。4、在合成阶段，译者通常都保持合成的结果和分析的结果在意义、形式、风格上一致，这是默认的途径，但是如果译者在合成阶段发现可能得到的结果不通顺或者译者不满意，他则会返回分析阶段，重新进行语用、语义或句法分析。5、分析是起点，合成是终点。

Collocations play an important role in parsing and verbs are the nucleus and precondition of parsing.

搭配是汉语自动句法分析的重要知识源，而动词是句法分析的核心和前提。

The analysis result can be applied to disambiguate the high ambiguous problems in parsing process, remarkably improving the performance of parsing algorithm.

创造性地将单词词义分析引入到句法分析当中，利用词义分析的结果对句法分析中难以处理的歧义问题进行排歧，显著地提高了句法分析算法的精度。

Firstly, prosodic boundaries of 1991 common sentences were labeled based on speech perception experiment, relation between prosodic structure and syntactic structure was examined after immediate constituent analysis, an example of prosodic phrasing from text sentences was provided using CART. Then, using designed sentences, phenomena of downstep and declination in pitch downtrend of Chinese declarative sentences were examined, commonness and speciality of Chinese intonation were discussed.

中文摘要针对韵律短语切分问题，本研究首先基于语料库语言学的研究方法，对语料库中具有不同句法结构和韵律结构的1991个汉语常用句，进行了以语音感知为基础的韵律边界标注；对语料文本进行句法分析后，得到了各级韵律边界和句法边界的相互关系；并使用CART决策树对韵律短语边界进行了切分实验。

Based on the analysis of the usage and the syntactic function of Chinese punctuations, this paper proposes a new hierarchical approach to parse the long Chinese sentences.

在分析汉语标点符号用法和句法功能的基础上，本文提出了一种新的面向汉语长句的层次化句法分析方法。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。