句法上的

However, we only knew that Le2 involves "change of states", may provide speech time as a reference time, and has many pragmatic functions. In this paper, based on its core semantic content- Current relevance and anteriority, we aim to define Le2 as a perfect marker, and it also introduces a perfect time span.

本篇文章论证「了2」为完成式的标记，提供从过去开始到参照时间点的完成式时段，句法的上高於其他的动貌标记而居於完成式词组的主要语。

In this chapter, the author concludes that the Lambek calculus is the further development of the Classical Categorial Grammar founded by Ajduciewicz and Bar-Hillel on the basis of a brief account of categorial history, and centers on the Gentzen-style Lambek calculus widely used in practice.

在这一章中，作者在简要介绍范畴语法发展史的基础上论述了兰贝克算子是对由爱裘凯维茨和巴—希勒尔所创立的经典范畴语法的改进和发展，并且重点论述了在实践中应用广泛的根岑风格的兰贝克句法算子。

Then, this study sheds much light upon metaphor operationalization from the categorial, syntactical and conceptual strata to investigate the interior operational mechanism and exterior connection with the socio-cultural mappings on metaphor.

其次，就隐喻的操作，本文作了详尽的分析描述，分别从词类、句法和概念三大层面着重分析英汉隐喻的内部运作转换和外部文化情境关联。宏观隐喻和微观隐喻的区分将隐喻的操作与修辞和认知从语言层面上结合起来。

From the foundation of the previous studies, this paper will do a deeper research on the topic-comment structure and information structure on the pragmatic dimension of presentative sentence, under the support of three dimensions theories and the related knowledge of cognitive grammar.

本文将在前人研究的基础上，运用三个平面的理论和认知语法的相关知识，以句法形式和语义为基础，注重结合动态篇章的因素，对存现句语用平面的主题结构和信息结构进行较深入地探究。

Based on a careful study of the data involving the anaphoric relation between "zìjǐ" and its antecedent in modern Chinese,this paper reformulates the Chinese version of Binding Principle A put forward in You(2001)within the 1994 version of Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar.The paper also describes and explains the concerned phenomena within the 1999 version of HPSG through an extension of the notion of outranking.

笔者在对现代汉语中&自己&一词及其先行词照应现象进行分析的基础上，对尤爱莉(2001)1994年提出的中心语短语驱动结构语法框架中建立的&自己&约束原则进行了修正，并根据1999年提出的HPSG的最新框架对相关问题进行了重新审视，通过对&句法语义结构在前&这个概念加以扩展，提出了新的&自己&约束原则。

In modern Chinese, two representative negative words are bu and meiyou; as for the problems about whether both of them are allomorphs or independent elements, or if both of them do not function in negative words or negative sentences, or if even the problem of the definition of "negation" in Syntactic Structure and so on …; in all related research about negation in Mandarin, scholars still have different thoughts and different conclusions about the problems; they still can not come to make any conclusions about all the problems mentioned above.

现代国语代表性的否定&不&及&没&，对於两者为异形态或是各为一独立要素，是否都有语否定及文否定的机能，甚至於句法结构上否定的定位问题等，在目前国语否定相关的研究之中，学者之间皆有不同的见解以及结论，对於上述的问题未能有所定论。

Therefore, the potential wordform, as the fundamental element of sentence building, is disambiguous in its syntactic function and semantics, and the potential wordform grammar is a grammar with sematics and situation informations.

因而，作为构句基础元素的隐词形在句法功能和语义上便是无歧义的，而隐词形语法规则便是带有语义和语境信息的语法。

The three markers are further examined in terms of their collocational patterns, both grammatical and lexical. Significant differences are found in the collocation of adverbial adjuncts.

接著，我们进一步研究这三个标记的句法及词汇搭配结构，结果发现在副词的搭配结构上三者有显著的差异。

The first chapter is about the ontology research of the connectives for purpose, and made a further in depth research for the syntax, which is based on the previous studies.

第一章是有关汉语目的关联词的本体研究，本章在前人研究的基础上，对目的关联词的句法作了进一步的深入探讨。

Punctuation is important; therefore, don't forget to use a comma before the coordinating conjunction in a compound sentence.

主句是整个句子的主体，从句不能独立存在，在句法关系上是从属于主句的，从句必须由关联词引导，来表明主句的关系

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。