句法

Chapters Three, Four and Five are the main body of this thesis.Chapter Three makes a detailed linguistic description from graphological, syntactic and lexical levels, and summarizes the stylistic characteristics of weblogs at each level.

书写层面表现为标点符号和大小写的不规则使用；句法层面表现为简单句和句子片段的广泛应用；词汇层面表现为口语和缩略词汇的大量使用。

The speeches collected in this thesis are respectively delivered by the former American president William J. Clinton at Peking University in 1998, the president George W. Bush at Tsinghua University in 2002, and the vice president Dick Cheney at Fudan University in 2004. By applying theories of stylistic analysis this thesis aims at making an overall analysis of the stylistic features of this type of public speaking from five levels: phonological, graphological, lexical, syntactical and textual level.

本文搜集了美国前总统克林顿于1998年在北京大学发表的演讲，布什总统于2002年在清华大学发表的演讲，副总统切尼于2004年在复旦大学发表的演讲，并以文体学理论为依据，试图从语音，字位，词汇，句法和篇章五个层面上分析该类演讲的文体特点。

This indicates that there are sentence-context effects that do not arise solely from intralexical spreading activation and suggests that the existence of an isolable level of syntactic assignment that precedes semantic integration of content words in sentence comprehension.

语境位置和句子语境的交互作用不显著。三个问题的研究结果表明，词汇内激活启动的观点在句子语境中是站不住脚的，因为只有在句法合理的句子语境里才发现显著的语义联系效应。

Based on a systematic description of the mandative subjunctive concerning its definition, classification and especially its collocation features involving its introducing mandative words, we get a full-scale knowledge about the semantic and syntactic features of the mandative subjunctive.

本文通过分析研究强制性虚拟语气的句法和语义特征，借助于统计学原理和方法，对海事条约英语中强制性虚拟语气的用法和其它语料库进行对比分析，从而找出强制性虚拟语气在海事条约英语中的分布规律及使用特点。

Syntactic awareness means the individuals' ability to reflect on the structure of sentences, which is an important part of metalinguistic awareness.

对儿童来说，句法意识是其注意控制能力的一种表现。

That is to say, we testify"Chinese as a metonymic language"from syntactic perspective.

也就是说，我们可以从句法的角度验证&汉语是转喻的语言&。

We find the metonymic function in Chinese constructions is even more fundamental and extended than in English.

我们可以发现转喻对汉语句法的影响更深远。

We review some discussions in English then investigate Chinese constructions which reveal metonymic operation.

本章回顾了部分讨论，然后分析了现代汉语句法中转喻的作用。

The conclusions are as follows:(1) Neologisms in each Huayu region can be classified into two major categories:self-originated and others-originated,among which the new-born words are "absolute new words" and the inherited word are "relative new words",and there are also others-originated elements in the morphemic and sense systems of new words;(2) Variation can be seen in the morpheme,formation,building and sense of new words in Huayu regions,besides individuals of new words;(3) Aggregation of current new words and compound words with one common morpheme and a same construction,together with the aggregation of synonyms and that of different senses in polysemies,reflect the relevance of the systems of new words in Huayu regions in their variation;(4) Regular participation of hinting sense of a formation element in forming and building new words is an important way of producing new sense of morpheme,and an important reason for the current emergence of words with more than one new senses;(5) Compared with ordinary words,the productivity of ways of word formation in forming new words both in general and of a particular class will change and new ways of word formation appear in Huayu regions;(6) The semantic collocation of the verbal morpheme of new verbs in a phrase has a great influence on the location of its structural center,and the complex syntactic behaviors of new verbs are related to the different processes of argument integration;(7) The processes of building new words with the same meaning differ in levels of approaches to motivation cognition,perspectives of motivation cognition,morpheme motivation and morpheme expression,etc.;(8) The lexical interaction in Huayu regions results in lexical subsystem intersections of current new words across two,three and four regions.

本文的主要结论是：(1)各华语区新词均可分为&自源新词&和&他源新词&两大类，其中的新生词和传承词分属&绝对新词&和&相对新词&，新词语的词素、词义系统中也含有他源成分；(2)除词语个体外，华语区新词在词素、构词、造词、词义等方面均体现了某种程度的变异：(3)通用词语聚合、同素同构词聚合、同义异形词聚合与一词多义聚合集中反映了各华语区新词语系统在变异中的关联；(4)构词单位经常提示词义参与构造新词是产生新语素义的重要途径，也是当代多新义词现象的重要成因；(5)相对于一般词语，构词方式在新词语中的总能产性和在某一词类中所体现的能产性都有所变化，华语区也产生了新的构词方式；(6)新动词的动素在短语中的语义搭配对结构核心的位置有很大影响，新动词的复杂句法表现与不同的论元整合过程有关；(7)同义新词造词过程的差异包括理据认知途径、理据认知角度、词素理据和词素表达等不同层面；(8)华语区的词汇互动形成了双区、三区和四区通用新词等词汇子系统交集，作为华语核心，普通话所含纳的通用词语多于各区域变体。

The third chapter will discuss the syntactical function of double-syllable words,relating to noun,adjective,verb,adverb and onomatope.

第三章论述《楚辞》双音词的语法功能，着重从句法功能的角度探讨名词、动词、形容词、副词、拟声词的语法功能。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。