句法

The word-to-sound rule and the structure of a speech database are modified during the implementation of TTS system, and then a filter algorithm based on part-of-speech is proposed to solve the polyphone problem. Prosodic research on Chinese characters plays a great role in speech recognition and speech synthesis system. In order to improve the naturalness of a speech synthesis system, the relationship among the sentence structure, the length of a sentence and the breath boundaries is analyzed and a breath boundary assigning algorithm based on such relationship is put forward. In addition, the author analyzes the process of a speech synthesis system and builds a prosodic markup language suitable for Chinese speech synthesis.

呼吸群边界划分作为汉语韵律的一种表现方式，它在语音感知和文语转换系统的性能方面起着十分重要的作用，作者在对汉语句法结构、句子长度和和呼吸群划分之间关系的研究基础上，设计并实现了基于句子长度和句法结构的呼吸群边界划分算法；为更好地描述文语转换过程，作者提出了适合汉语语音合成的SSML韵律标注语言，该标注语言不仅从声学层上对语音的韵律进行描述，而且从语言学层上标注句法结构信息，最后本文对基于语言理解的韵律规则用SSML进行了描述并用实验验证了语言学层面的标注对系统自然度的影响。

The goal of this paper is to recognize the boundaries of prepositional phrases automatically without introducing parsing technique.

本文研究的目标是：在不引进复杂的句法分析的前提下实现介词短语边界的自动识别，期望其作为句法分析预处理的一部分为句法分析提供一定的帮助。

Evidence from three aspects is then provided to justify this hypothesis. On the other hand, due to the syntactic cost, the merger of Chinese topics in these positions renders a cline of topicality. The merger of topics at TopD costs the least while that at TopA the most; consequently, a topic at TopD is of greater topicality than that at TopA, with TopC and TopB between them.

另一方面，句法操作必须付出代价，话题在各个位置合并需要付出的句法代价不同，话题性程度也会随之发生变化。D位置话题合并相对代价最小，话题性程度最高；A位置话题合并代价最大，话题性程度最低；C、B位置话题合并的句法代价及其话题性程度则介于两者之间。

We demonstrate that basic discriminating color words have some semantic changes at word-formation level and have two basic expressive functions (the discrimination of color and the description of color) at syntactic level; they also can designate color in certain contexts, but have some syntactic restrictions and markings. We also demonstrate that designative color words have two basic expressive functions at syntactic level: the designation of color and the discrimination of color, and they can also describe color in certain contexts; and that descriptive color words only have expressive function of describing color at syntactic level.

指出基本辨色词在构词层面存在着语义变异，在句法层面的基本表达功能是分辨色彩和描绘色彩，指称色彩时有句法限制和形式标记；指色词的基本表达功能是指称色彩和分辨色彩，描绘色彩时有句法限制和形式标记；描色词的基本表达功能是描绘色彩，不能指称色彩，一般也不用作分辨色彩。

The Chinese light verbs supported by neuromechanism can explain the generative question in Chinese interchangeable phrases, causative structures, reverse factitive structures and verb-complement structures. All these questions can be marked by causative in the lexical feature and moving in syntax. All the conclusions demonstrate that we can unify the explanations of Chinese syntax and lexicon by light verbs. Therefore light verbs are the interface among brain, lexicon and syntax.

具有神经基础支持的汉语轻动词理论可以解决汉语可变换位置词组、使动句、反转型使役句以及动补结构等句子的生成问题，而这些问题在轻动词词汇特征上可以用&致使&性来统一标示，在句法特征上可以用&移位&来统一操作，从而表明汉语轻动词可以实现词法句法的统一解释，轻动词研究是大脑、词库以及句法研究的结合点。

Such a reflection is manifested in valent capacity of verbs.

动词的这种对句子的语义结构和句法结构的制约能力正是动词句法语义属性的集中体现，而动词的句法。。。

Such a reflection is manifested in valent capacity of verbs.

动词的这种对句子的语义结构和句法结构的制约能力正是动词句法语义属性的集中体现，而动词的句法语义属性集中表现在动词的配价能力上。

It is also possible that the same semantic valence may be expressed by different syntactic valences, while not change the meaning of the predicate.

语义配价合并则相反，指的是谓词的两个语义配价在句法结构层面上用一个句法配价体现的语义－句法现象。

The analysis result can be applied to disambiguate the high ambiguous problems in parsing process, remarkably improving the performance of parsing algorithm.

创造性地将单词词义分析引入到句法分析当中，利用词义分析的结果对句法分析中难以处理的歧义问题进行排歧，显著地提高了句法分析算法的精度。

Both the lexical probability and rule probability of grammar have been used by the CFG parser of MATRIX system which is capable to translate sentences from English to Chinese. The author set up a new kind of scoring system based on the statistic knowledge estimated from corpus as the criteria of disambiguating the ambiguous syntactic structure and the accuracy of the parsing has been improved accordingly.

我们将从语料中获得的词法、文法的概率知识用于MATRIX英汉翻译系统的句法分析器中，建立了新的评分方法并作为句法消歧的标准，提高了句法分析器的准确率。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。