古生层

This paper briefly introduces the basic fact of the existence of the PaleoTethys Ocean in the Lungmu Co-Shuanghu suture, i.e. the ages and natures of Early Paleozoic ophiolites, Permian ophiolites, Devonian-Permian radiolarian cherts, accretionary slabs of different natures, two types of tectonic mrlange zones and covers of ophiolites. The starting time of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in Qiangtang may be traced back to Early Paleozoic and the records about the oceanic basin evolution persisted from the Late Devonian to Late Triassic.

简要介绍了龙木错-双湖缝合带中有关古特提斯洋存在的基本事实，即早古生代洋壳残片、二叠纪蛇绿岩、泥盆纪-二叠纪放射虫硅质岩、各类不同性质的增生岩片、2种类型的构造混杂岩带和蛇绿混杂岩盖层体系的时代与性质等，已有的资料初步确定羌塘古特提斯洋盆演化的时限为晚泥盆世到晚三叠世。

It was considered that karstification is the base of reservior formation, and lithology and faulting control the formation and development of internal reservior.

其发育规律为：岩溶作用是下古生界储集层发育的基础；岩性和断裂作用决定内幕储层的形成与发育。

Because the main territorial cap rock which could block off hydrocarbon migration in another side of fault in Paleozoic stratum is huge thick mudstone in upper mbr of Shangshihezi group and Shiqianfeng group, this make only backward fault to dip direction can block to form fault-block trap in the reservoir stratum of carbonatite eluvial horizon in Ordovician and thick sandstone in Permian .

古生界具有侧向封堵条件的区域性盖层主要是上石盒子组上段—石千峰组大套泥岩，这决定了断块区奥陶系碳酸盐岩风化淋滤带及二叠系大套砂岩储层在反向断层遮挡下能形成断块圈闭。

Bedded cherts, with varying thickness, are widely distributed in some typical eopaleozoic high Se black shales in China.

在中国早古生代若干高硒黑色岩系中发育有数层的厚度不等的层状硅质岩，SiO2 含量一般在 90 %以上，岩石富Fe ，相对贫Mn、Al、Ti。

At last, based on the wavelet transform of logging signals, the stratigraphic sequence correlation and analysis of the coalbearing strata of Permo-Carboniferous in Luxi and Jiyang area have been done. The stratigraphic sequence framework of main coal-bearing strata formed in Neopaleozoic in Shandong area is established.

最后在测井信号小波变换的基础上对鲁西和济阳凹陷的含煤地层进行了层序对比和分析，基本建立了山东地区晚古生代主要含煤地层的层序地层格架。

The basin experienced three basin-forming cycles of Neopaleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic Eras. Mesozoic fault and depression compounding basin composed the northern margin Jurassic petroleum system and the Cenozoic large-scale strike-slip and compressional basins composed the Tertiary petroleum system of the western Qaidam basin and Quaternary petroleum system of Sanhu. The intense tectogenesis of Yanshan and Xishan made the Jurassic petroleum system of the northern Qaidam more complex. The monocycle paleoclimate evolution in Cenozoic Era and multi-tectonic movement made the lake-basin evolution, hydrocarbon source-rock, reservoir development, accumulation condition and petroleum distribution are more exceptive in character and complex in feature.

该盆地经历了晚古生代、中生代和新生代3个成盆旋回，中生代断坳复合盆地形成了柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系油气系统，新生代大型走滑挤压盆地形成了柴达木盆地西部第三系油气系统和三湖第四系天然气系统，燕山和喜山2期强烈构造运动使柴北缘侏罗系油气系统高度复杂化，新生代单旋回古气候演化与多期构造运动使湖盆演化、烃源岩和沉积储层发育特征、成藏条件与油气分布规律变得十分特殊和复杂。

Through testing 45 carbonate samples collected from PermoCarboniferous caol measures of the Hedong coalfield,the distributions characteristics of carbon and oxygen isotopes in sequences are analyzed,whose feasibilities for sequence subdivision and correlation,as well as for study of relative sea level variations and late Paleozoic facies are also discussed.

系统分析了河东煤田上石炭统（C2）—下二叠统下部（P11）45个碳酸盐岩样品的碳氧同位素在层序中的分布特征，探讨了碳氧同位素应用于层序划分及对比、相对海平面变化研究及晚古生代地层沉积相研究的可能性。

However, these rigid and dense carbonates and thick-bedded sandstones are of relatively developed secondary fractures and solutional pores, which are mainly distributed in four suites of rigid rocks.

然而对于刚性致密的碳酸盐岩以及厚层块状砂岩，次生裂隙、溶隙相对发育，它们分布于四套主要的刚性岩层中，极大地改善了这些岩石的孔渗性能，使之成为良好的裂隙储集体，为海相中生界、古生界油气聚集成藏提供了有利的储集空间。

On the basis of field investigation and seismic section interpretation, the Kalpin thrust belt has the following structural deformation characteristics: the thrust belt occurs in Paleozoic strata; the major detachment fault occurs in a Middle Cambrian gypsum-salt layer; the thrust sheets are imbricate; various thrust fronts are subaerially exposed; fault propagation folding and piggyback thrusting are found; and the thrust belt formed during the Pliocene-Holocene.

根据野外实际考察和地震剖面解释，总结了该冲断带的构造变形特征：发育于古生界、以寒武系膏盐层为主滑脱层、叠瓦状冲断、暴露式冲断前锋、断层传播褶皱、前展式冲断、形成于上新世—第四纪。

Researches on characteristics of mineral rock association show that there is a great interdependency between gas oil enrichments and types of association.

鄂尔多斯盆地古生界与中生界是重要的油气储层，矿物岩石组合特征研究表明，组合类型与油气富集存在明显相关性。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。