古地理的

Influenced by tectonic movement, there were no sediments in the area from Oligocene to Miocene. Appearance of marlite in the Pliocene, especially in Yaqueling region, proved localized depositing environment forming, for which there had only few amount of terrigenous matters to supply. Sedimentary facies association of alluvial fan, fan delta and inland lake appeared at the early and middle stage of lower Pleistocene, and association of fan delta and inland lake appeared at the later stage of lower Pleistocene and the early stage of middle Pleistocene. Net-veined laterite appeared at the top of lacustrine deposit, which reflected pedogenesis taking place after the end of deposition. Such evolution history proves that there had no lager river system traversing this area before the early stage of middle Pleistocene.

对于江汉盆地西缘宜昌地区来说，其沉积及古地理演化表现为：早白垩世为受天阳坪断裂控制的内陆湖泊沉积环境，沉积中心在天阳坪断裂的北侧，此时几乎不存在来自黄陵地区的水系；晚白垩世同样为受断裂控制的内陆湖盆环境，但湖盆面积扩大、断裂活动减弱，且后期出现成化湖相沉积；第三纪早期盆地由断陷盆地转变为坳陷盆地，同时石膏的出现代表了局限咸化湖盆的存在；渐新世—中新世，受构造影响，缺失该时期的沉积；上新世时在鸦鹊岭一带出现的泥灰岩沉积反映了陆源物质供应不足的局限沉积环境的存在；早更新世早中期为冲积扇—扇三角洲—内陆湖泊沉积，早更新世晚期—中更新世早期为扇三角洲—湖相沉积，后期出现沉积结束以后的网纹红土化作用。

Our project is the first one in China that focus on the suoids, which discuss about all the known suoid fossils found from Eocene to Pliocene in China. The origination, evolution, paleoecology and paleogeography are the key topics in the project, and thus the project is a compositive study of Chinese fossil suoids.

本项目是国内首个以猪形类为内容的专题研究，涉及了我国境内从晚始新世到上新世发现的几乎所有重要的猪形类化石，涉及到猪形类的起源、进化、生态、古地理等方面的研究，是对中国猪形类较为全面系统的综合性研究。

The paper discusses five key points in the qualitative reconstruction: 1 timely, to combine a study of "reversed succession", 2 spatially, to synthesize a study of "inversion tectonics", 3 to emphasize significance of structural restoration in palaeogeographic reconstruction, 4 reformation events in the period of basin formation serving as a link between past and future, and 5 a study on basin geodynamics matched with the orogenic geodynamics.

文章讨论了定性重建中的5个要点：l时间上，要结合&反序&的研究，2空间上，要结合&反转构造&的研究，3强调构造复位在古地理重建中的意义，4盆地建造阶段中的改造事件所起的承前启后作用，5盆地动力学与造山动力学的结合研究。

The discovery of ancient maps,the compilation of the national atlases, the research for theories and methods of cartography science,the development of new application areas,and the coming up of RS and GIS, and other aspect were included.

回顾了中国20世纪地图学的理论研究与技术进步，包括古地图的发现、国家地图集的编辑、地图科学原理与方法的研究、地图科学利用等领域的开拓、遥感与地理信息系统的兴起等等。

Based on the early geologic studies, more integrated strata units and frame was established in Yunnan and Guizhou. The characteristic of macroscopical lithofacies and paleogeography was also raveled basically in this area. It was ascertained that some perfect developed PTB sections from marine via paralic to terrestrial facies lie in western Guizhou and eastern Yunnan. What's more, the stratigraphic sequence of Marine PTB or Terrestrial PTB across the PTB in this area is similar to that of the Meishan Section.

通过早期地质研究，在我国云南、贵州地区基本建立了比较完整的地层单位与格架，也基本弄清了该区的宏观岩相古地理特征，明确了黔西滇东地区存在发育完整的从海相—海、陆交互相—陆相的二叠系—三叠系界线剖面，而且该区海、陆相界线地层序列与浙江长兴煤山全球界线层型剖面具有一定的相似特征，使得在该区开展陆相二叠系—三叠系界线剖面的高精度划分和海、陆界线地层的高精度对比均成为可能。

The analysis result shows that the basement fault anomalies control a few major large hidden batholiths and their associated orefieldsthat the anomalies of cover structure confine most Cu-Au deposits and Fe-Cu deposits within their scopethat the geochemical anomalies and lithofacies-paleogeographical anomalies are major geological factors leading to trataboundness of some Cu-Au depositsthat the anomalies of rock operties provide the favorable chemical and physical conditions for the ore-forming process, including the seepage, circulation,convergence and deposit of ore-bearing hydrothermal solutionthat the anomalous ctive stage of Mesozoic magmatite is almost consistent with the major mineralization epoch of the Fe,Cu deposits, and the structure of multi-levels,and the zoning in magmatic system determine the spatial distribution of the mineralization system.

由分析可知基底断裂异常控制了本区若干重要规模较大的隐伏岩基及伴生矿田，而盖层构造异常控制铜金矿床和铁铜矿床的空间位置地层的地球化学异常和岩相古地理异常是造成一些铜金矿床层控性的主要地质因素盖层的岩性异常为含矿热液的渗流、循环、聚集和矿质沉淀等一系列成矿作用提供了有利的物理和化学条件中生代岩浆岩的异常活动期也是本区主要的铁铜成矿期，岩浆岩系统的多层分枝和分带性结构控制了本区成矿系统的三维空间分布。

The reason included five aspects:①the effect of physical environment: the open geographical environment and barren soil urge the Greeks to look for development outward while the close geographical environment and advantaged condition for agriculture shaped the Chinese conservative thought and obstructed their steps of going out.②the advancing and blocking of the economic: the frequent trade offered an abundant living supply and open view while the self-sufficient agriculture with restraining trade rigidified the thought.③ the difference in politic institute and situation: the democracy polis of ancient Greece is exclusive in the ancient world. It shaped the atmosphere of freedom, democracy and adversary. While the monarchy in ancient China pursued the "united country" and shaped the atmosphere serving for politic and consolidating thoughts.④the guiding of traditional culture: the Greeks pursued freedom and wisdom and were curious about nature while the Chinese adored ancestor and obeyed the authority and prefer to pragmatism.

出现这种关系的原因本文从以下五点进行分析：①自然环境的影响：古希腊开放的地理环境和贫瘠的土壤种植条件促使古希腊人向外寻求发展，而古代中国封闭的地理环境和优越的农业环境阻碍了中华民族外出的脚步和开放的思维；②经济条件的推动与束缚：工商业发展的农业经济和自给自足的小农经济所创造的物质条件和对思维影响的差别是很大的；③政治制度和政治形势的差异：古希腊民主城邦制在古代世界是独树一帜的，它所营造的自由、民主的氛围和古代中国追求&大一统&的君主专制下为政治服务、思想趋向统一的氛围截然不同；④传统文化的引导：古希腊人在长期的城邦生活和参与海外贸易的生活中形成的开放、自由、对自然充满好奇、追求智慧等民族文化传统与中国保守崇古、讲究实用的文化传统形成了鲜明的对比；⑤思想家本身(来源：A58BC论文网www.abclunwen.com)目的不同：古希腊思想家为了变得智慧而获取知识，享受知识带来的乐趣，而古代中国思想家的一切动机都是为了&成化天下&、&以政裕民&服务。

Whether it is history, literature and art, or philosophy and science; whether it is Gaoshanyangzhi breath of ancient Greek and Roman civilization, and modern Western civilization, where the agitation of history, philosophy and wisdom, literature, images, art The beauty, the essence of science, the author can do about the great accuracy, speaks tirelessly, and portray the truth in the thinking among the times being interwoven with the chapter in the history and geography into time and space to show Western history and culture of a magnificent picture.

无论是历史、文学和艺术，还是哲学和科学；无论是令人高山仰止、叹为观止的古希腊罗马文明，还是现代的西方文明，在这里，历史的激荡，哲学的睿智，文学的意象，艺术的美感，科学的真谛，作者的讲述均能做到丝丝入扣，娓娓道来，在思索与描摹的求真之中，在时代与篇章的交织之中，在历史与地理的时空之中，展现了一幅西方历史和文化的宏伟画卷。

Whether it is history, literature and art, or philosophy and science; whether it is Gaoshanyangzhi breath of ancient Greek and Roman civilization, and modern Western civilization, where the agitation of history, philosophy and wisdom, literature, images, art The beauty, the essence of science, the author can do about the great accuracy, speaks tirelessly, and portray the truth in the thinking among the times being interwoven with the chapter in the history and geography into time and space to show Western history and culture of a magnificent picture.

无论是历史、文学和艺术，还是哲学和科学；无论是令人高山仰止、叹为观止的古希腊罗马文明，还是现代的西方文明，在这里，历史的激荡，哲学的睿智，文学的意象，艺术的美感，科学的真谛，作者的讲述均能做到丝丝入扣，娓娓道来，在思索与描摹的求真之中，在时代与篇章的交织之中，在历史与地理的时空之中，展现一幅西方历史和文化的宏伟画卷。

Constantinople was located strategically between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara at the point where Europe met Asia, and was highly significant as the successor to ancient Rome and the largest and wealthiest city in Europe throughout the Middle Ages.

这个险要的地理位置对于当时的古罗马帝国的各界继任皇帝非常重要，以及随后的整个中世纪，欧洲重要城市无不依赖他的拱卫。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。