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The scope of research activities in this society covers the ancient mollusca and recent species (including terrestrial, freshwater, medical and marine molluscs), involving the areas as follows: ancient species evolvement and environmental variance, morphology, floristics, biological diversity and protection, genetics and breeding and the security concerning, pathology, aquaculture and ecological environments, etc.

中国贝类学的研究范围涵盖古贝类和现生贝类（陆生贝类、淡水贝类、医学贝类和海产贝类），涉及的研究方向有：古贝类进化与环境变迁，形态、区系、生物多样性及其保护，遗传育种及其安全性，病害，养殖与生态环境等，取得了丰硕的研究成果，促进了我国贝类学理论和相关技术的应用与发展。

Measurement of Mg/Ca ratio of foraminifera shell is the most popular means in calculating seawater paleotemperature now. It is applicable in low and high latitude areas, to determine surface and deep seawater temperatures.

有孔虫壳体的Mg/Ca比值测定是目前估算海水古温度最受重视的方法，适用于低纬和高纬、表层和深层海水古温度的测定。

The Old English word r ?, one of two ancestors of our word, meant "to emit vapor, steam, or smoke," while the other Old English ancestor, r ?, meant "to fumigate, expose to smoke," or to cause to emit smoke, burn incense.

意为"散发出蒸气或烟"的古英语单词是reocan 的两个词源之一，而另一个古英语词源是recan ，意为"熏，与烟接触，"或"使散发烟，焚香"。

The celebrated Cucumetto, pursued in the Abruzzo, driven out of the kingdom of Naples, where he had carried on a regular war, had crossed the Garigliano, like Manfred, and had taken refuge on the banks of the Amasine between Sonnino and Juperno

大名鼎鼎，在那不勒斯闹得天翻地覆的古古密陀，在阿布鲁齐被人追得走投无路，被赶出了那不勒斯的国境，他就象曼弗雷德那样越过了加里利亚诺山，穿过了松尼诺和耶伯那交界的地方，逃避到了阿马森流域。

The Old French word was derived from frogne,"grimace," which in turn came from the hypothetical Gaulish word .frogna,"nose," which is related to Welsh ffroen,"nose," and Old Irish sr n,"nose."

古法语词则源自 frogne，"鬼脸，"源自臆测的高卢词·frogna，意为"鼻子"，与威尔士语 ffroen，"鼻子"和与古爱尔兰语 sron 意为"鼻子"有关

" The Old French word was derived from frogne,"grimace," which in turn came from the hypothetical Gaulish word .frogna,"nose," which is related to Welsh ffroen,"nose," and Old Irish sr ?,"

古法语词则源自frogne，"鬼脸，"源自臆测的高卢词·frogna，意为"鼻子"，与威尔士语ffroen，"鼻子"和与古爱尔兰语 sron 意为"鼻子"有关

Speculating on the origin of Gaultheria, two different hypotheses were suggested, one of Gondwanan origin, and the other of Laurasian origin In the present paper, recent advances in molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of Gaultheria are summarized and some problematical issues within the genus discussed.

关於白珠树属的起源问题存在两种不同的推测：一种观点认为该属起源於南半球的冈瓦纳古陆；另一种观点则认为其起源於北半球的劳亚古大陆。本文概述了近年来白珠树属的分子系统学和生物地理学研究进展，并对该属尚存的一些问题进行了讨论。

The battle once begun, its very various changes,--the resistance of Hougomont; the tenacity of La Haie-Sainte; the killing of Bauduin; the disabling of Foy; the unexpected wall against which Soye's brigade was shattered; Guilleminot's fatal heedlessness when he had neither petard nor powder sacks; the miring of the batteries; the fifteen unescorted pieces overwhelmed in a hollow way by Uxbridge; the small effect of the bombs falling in the English lines, and there embedding themselves in the rain-soaked soil, and only succeeding in producing volcanoes of mud, so that the canister was turned into a splash; the uselessness of Pire's demonstration on Braine-l'Alleud; all that cavalry, fifteen squadrons, almost exterminated; the right wing of the English badly alarmed, the left wing badly cut into; Ney's strange mistake in massing, instead of echelonning the four divisions of the first corps; men delivered over to grape-shot, arranged in ranks twenty-seven deep and with a frontage of two hundred; the frightful holes made in these masses by the cannon-balls; attacking columns disorganized; the side-battery suddenly unmasked on their flank; Bourgeois, Donzelot, and Durutte compromised; Quiot repulsed; Lieutenant Vieux, that Hercules graduated at the Polytechnic School, wounded at the moment when he was beating in with an axe the door of La Haie-Sainte under the downright fire of the English barricade which barred the angle of the road from Genappe to Brussels; Marcognet's division caught between the infantry and the cavalry, shot down at the very muzzle of the guns amid the grain by Best and Pack, put to the sword by Ponsonby; his battery of seven pieces spiked; the Prince of Saxe-Weimar holding and guarding, in spite of the Comte d'Erlon, both Frischemont and Smohain; the flag of the 105th taken, the flag of the 45th captured; that black Prussian hussar stopped by runners of the flying column of three hundred light cavalry on the scout between Wavre and Plancenoit; the alarming things that had been said by prisoners; Grouchy's delay; fifteen hundred men killed in the orchard of Hougomont in less than an hour; eighteen hundred men overthrown in a still shorter time about La Haie-Sainte,--all these stormy incidents passing like the clouds of battle before Napoleon, had hardly troubled his gaze and had not overshadowed that face of imperial certainty.

交锋以后，战争的非常复杂惊险的变化，乌古蒙的阻力，圣拉埃的顽抗，博丹的阵亡，富瓦战斗能力的丧失，使索亚旅部受到创伤的那道意外的墙，无弹无药的吉埃米诺的那种见死不退的顽强，炮队的陷入泥淖，被阿克斯布里吉击溃在一条凹路里的那十五尊无人护卫的炮，炸弹落入英军防线效果不大，土被雨水浸透了，炸弹陷入，只能喷出一些泥土，以致开花弹全变成了烂泥泡，比雷在布兰拉勒出击无功，十五营骑兵几乎全部覆没，英军右翼应战的镇静，左翼防守的周密，内伊不把第一军的四师人散开，反把他们聚拢的那种奇怪的误会，每排二百人，前后连接二十七排，许多那样的队形齐头并进去和开花弹对抗，炮弹对那些密集队伍的骇人的射击，失去连络的先锋队，从侧面进攻的炮队突然受到拦腰的袭击，布尔热瓦、东泽洛和迪吕特被围困，吉奥被击退，来自综合工科学校的大力士维安中尉，冒着英军防守热纳普到布鲁塞尔那条路转角处的炮火，在抡起板斧去砍圣拉埃大门时受了伤，马科涅师被困在步兵和骑兵的夹击中，在麦田里受到了贝司特和派克的劈面射击和庞森比的砍斫，他炮队的七尊炮的火眼全被钉塞，戴尔隆伯爵夺不下萨克森－魏玛亲王防守的弗里谢蒙和斯莫安，第一○五联队的军旗被夺，第四十五联队的军旗被夺，那个普鲁士黑轻骑军士被三百名在瓦弗和普朗尚努瓦一带策应的狙击队所获，那俘虏所说的种种悚听的危言，格鲁希的迟迟不来，一下便倒在圣拉埃周围的那一千八百人，比在乌古蒙果园中不到一个钟头便被杀尽的那一千五百人死得更快，凡此种种迅雷疾风似的意外，有如阵阵战云，在拿破仑的眼前掠过，几乎不曾扰乱他的视线，他那副极度自信的龙颜，绝不因这些变幻而稍露忧色。

Additionally, some trace elements in coals, which indicate the paleoclimate and the types of bog in coal-forming period, can also show hydrocarbon generating potential of coal, such as Cu which has a strong affinity to organic macromolecule in coals. Cu is a fades element, and may be an indicator element of hydrocarbon generating potential.

其中Cu既是一个有着与煤的大分子物质较强亲和力的元素，又是一个可以显示古气候古成煤沼泽类型的"指相"元素，因而在指示煤的生烃潜力方面可能具有普适性。

Modern and ancient reefs; Other environments, climate, sea-leval change; Organisms and evolution; Regional geology and palaeontology; Historical geology and palaeogeographic Maps; Methods in geobiology and palaeontology; Multimedia-Education; Something else

古今礁石；古环境、气候、海平变化；有机体及其进化；区域地质及古生物学；地质史学和古地理学图集；地质生物学及古生物学方法；多媒体教育；其它信息

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。