口蹄疫

"Foot-and-mouth disease (or hoof-and-mouth disease):Highly contagious viral disease of cloven-footed mammals, spread by ingestion and inhalation."

口蹄疫：一种具高度传染性的病毒性疾病，能感染所有偶蹄哺乳动物，很少感染人类。

The Conference proceeded to examine the animal health situation, in particular in regard to rinderpest, foot and mouth disease and dourine.

会议调查了动物卫生状况，尤其是牛瘟、口蹄疫和媾疫。

this article be main to used for the chicken non- typical model epidemic disease in Hsin-cheng, the contagion method surname bag, geniality flue, contagion bronchitis, contagion enterogastrtis, breed with breath system comprehensive disease, small virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus, false rabies;The kidney disease of the marine products animal fish disease, the issue of blood openings disease, crazy visit a disease, the terrapin issue of blood bowel way be bad dead, turtle mumps, grass carp bleed far-gone virus the Wen be febrile to prevent°from.

本品主要用于鸡非典型新城疫，传染性法氏囊，温和性流行性感冒，传染性支气管炎，传染性胃肠炎，繁殖与呼吸系统综合症，细小病毒，口蹄疫病毒，伪狂犬病；水产动物鱼病肾脏病，出血性开口病，狂游病，鳖出血性肠道坏死，甲鱼腮腺炎，草鱼出血病等病毒性瘟热病的防止。

FMDV usually causes persistent infection or inapparent infection that can also occur in vaccinated animals following contact with the virus,which will influence the diagnostic techniques and the preventive measures that need to be taken.

口蹄疫病毒是小RNA病毒科口蹄疫病毒属的成员，该病毒感染动物尤其是反刍动物以后，会形成无症状的持续性感染或隐性感染，注射疫苗的动物当再次接触新病毒时，也会成为隐性带毒者，从而给口蹄疫的诊断和防制带来严重的影响。

In this study, the DNA fragments coding for amino acids 133～158 of VP1and 20～34 of VP4protein of type Asial FMDV were chemically synthesized and ligated into a tandem repeat 133～158-20～34-133～158. The sequences of signal peptide of Igκ chain and Kozak were fused to the 5'end of this tandem sequence and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide containing CpG-ISS was fused to downstream of terminal coden of this tandem sequence. And then this long fragment was cloned into the eukaryotic expression plasmid pHook-2, forming a new secreted expression plasmid, named pAS1-E.

在第二章证明了亚洲Ⅰ型口蹄疫病毒VP1蛋白中133～158位氨基酸残基确是一重要B细胞中和抗原表位的基础上，依据第一章获得的口蹄疫病毒亚洲Ⅰ型VP1 cDNA序列及已报道Asial VP4序列，采用真核偏爱密码子化学合成了VP1中编码133～158位氨基酸及VP4中编码20～34位氨基酸这两个抗原表位基因，将其组成133～158-20～34-133～158串联结构，在其5′端加上鼠Igκ链信号肽序列，在翻译调节区加上增强表达的Kozak序列，同时在133～158-20～34-133～158串联结构3'端终止密码子下游加上CpG免疫刺激序列，将这些片段连接后，克隆到真核表达载体pHook-2上，构建成功了DNA疫苗重组表达载体pAS1-E。

Foot-and-mouth disease is a highly contagious and economically devastating vesicular disease of cloven-hoofed animals.

口蹄疫是由口蹄疫病毒引起的偶蹄动物的一种急性、高度接触性传染病，造成了巨大的经济损失。

FMD An acute, highly contagious degenerative viral disease of cattle and other cloven-hoofed animals, characterized by fever and the eruption of vesicles around the mouth and hoofs. It is usually not fatal.

Also called hoof-and-mouth disease 口蹄疫：家禽及其他偶蹄动物患的一种急性，传染性极强，由滤性细菌引起的衰退症，表现为高烧和口，蹄周围的生出小泡。

Material of the study was FMDV from cell culture, nucleotide sequence of structural gene of FMDV and FMD vaccine strain were acquired by RT-PCR.

本试验以口蹄疫病毒的细胞培养毒为材料，通过RT-PCR方法获得了此株病毒结构基因的核苷酸序列，同法获得了口蹄疫疫苗株结构基因的核苷酸序列。

By use of site mutation strategy and PCR technology, we obtained the gene P12X3C that includes full length PI, 2A, 3C and a part of 2B and 3B and the gene P12X3C3D that includes full length PI, 2A, 3C, 3D and a part of 2B and 3B. After being digested by restriction enzyme respectively, the gene P12X3C and the gene P12X3C3D were cloned into the pcDNA3.1 and pTARGET expression vector that were digested by the same enzyme. Recombinant plasmids were checked by restriction enzyme analysis and nucleic acid sequencing. Further more, recombinant plasmids were transfected into BHK-21 cells by using lipoid. The proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus, which were expressed in BHK-21 cells, were confirmed by sandwich-ELlSA and fluoroscopy, and the capsid of FMDV was tested by electron microscope. In order to evaluate enhanced immune response of guinea pigs against FMDV, DNA vaccines which were designed to produce viral capsids lacking infectious viral nucleic acid and contained the gene P12X3C and the gene P 12X3C3D were injected respectively with FMDV 3D protein which was expressed in Pichia Pastoris Secreted expression System and purified or with pcDNA3.1/lFN which includes the gene IFN-a of cattle. Subsequently, Recombinant plasmids were injected to catties with or without pcDNA3.1/IFN. Anti-FMDV antibodies were detected by ELISA, and the T lymphocyte proliferation response was tested by MTT assay, neutralization antibodies liters were analyzed by micro-neutralization assay.

为研制带有O型口蹄疫病毒(Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus，FMDV)China99株结构蛋白基因及多个非结构蛋白基因的DNA疫曲，本研究通过定点突变方法和PCR扩增方法，获得包含有FMDV China99株结构蛋白P1、非结构蛋白2A、3C以及部分2B、3B编码基因的片段P12X3C和包含有FMDV China99株结构蛋白P1、非结构蛋白2A、3C、3D以及部分2B、3B编码基因的片段P12X3C3D，将获得的基因片段直接／酶切后与同样处理的真核表达质粒连接，分别得到重组质粒pcDNA3.1／P12X3C和pcDNA3.1／P12X3C3D、pTARGET／P12X3C3D；对重组质粒进行序列测定、分析，并将重组质粒分别转染BHK-21细胞，通过双抗体夹心ELISA方法和间接免疫荧光标记方法检测细胞中FMDV抗原的表达，用电子显微镜观察病毒空衣壳的组装；为评价重组质粒作为DNA疫苗对实验动物及本动物的免疫效果，将重组质粒经肌肉注射方法接种豚鼠，并与酵母表达的纯化FMDV China99株3D蛋白及带有牛α干扰素的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1／IFN分别／同时免疫，第二次免疫后第三周豚鼠攻以100ID_(50)或1000ID_(50)的O型FMDV China99株：随后将质粒pcDNA3.1／P12X3C、pcDNA3.1／P12X3C3D与带有牛α干扰素的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1／IFN同时免疫牛，三周后经牛舌皮攻以10~4ID_(50)的O型FMDV China99株。

As an adjuvant for the protein vaccine,PoIFN-αinduced strong inflammatory cytokine production in vivo and the results denoted that IFN-adjuvant and our vaccines could drive the immune response toward Th1 type responses.The data of ELISA suggests that the recombinant protein vaccine synergizes with the IFN-adjuvant to produce endogenous IFN in vivo.

在病毒攻击实验中，所有的对照组动物均出现口蹄疫临床症状；然而佐剂和疫苗联合注射组的动物均得到保护，没有发现病毒血症和口蹄部水疱，对该组的病毒非结构蛋白抗体检测表明，攻毒14天后没有发现病毒在动物体内复制。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。