叠层的

This paper deals with the advance in the study of terrestrial Permian-Triassic boundary. At first, some index TPTB sections and their research backgrounds are introduced. Then, the research status on the synthesis of the TPTB, including biostratigraphy, eventostratigraphy, isotopic dating, magnetostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy etc., is analyzed. Finally, the existing problems and the next research directions about the TPTB study are assessed.

着重介绍了几个目前陆相二叠系－三叠系界线研究的重点剖面及其生物地层学研究进展；分析了陆相二叠系－三叠系界线综合地层学研究现状，包括生物地层学、事件地层学、同位素年代学、磁性地层学和层序地层学等；剖析了陆相二叠系－三叠系界线地层学研究中存在的问题及进一步的研究方向。

The random cascade model with a lognormal distribution is used to simulate the infiltration process in soils, and the different methods are applied to estimate the model parameters.

随机层叠模型中具有对数正态分布性质的随机层叠发生器被用来描述水流入渗过程，不同的方法被用于模型参数求解。

The laminate web has an original unstretched length. The nonwoven member and the elastic member stretch but do not rupture when subjected to a mechanical stretching operation which stretches said laminate web to at least 50 % of its original unstretched length.

该层叠网片具有一初始未拉伸长度，当受机械拉伸而使层叠网片的拉伸量至少为初始未拉伸长度的50％时，该非织造部件及弹性部件可被拉伸但不发生破裂。

Moreover, the system of secondary development has function that stores ultimate figure result into spatial database, it is not steady but flexible at any moment, it can so discretionarily superpose together with other figure layers that it forms synthesis figure set of multi-layer superposing and complicated content for the zone supplying accessorial support.

经二次开发实现的该应用型地理信息系统的另一个重要的功能还在于，能将以上最终成果图件存储于空间数据库中，之后可随时调用，与其它图层任意叠置，共同构成多层叠置、内容复杂的综合图件，为研究该地区水化学分布规律提供辅助决策支持。

We have concluded five key tectonics geologic characteristics of Chinese foreland basins based on the study of the sedimentary infill, tectonics evolution, tectonic dynamics, spatial location distribution and structural deformation geometry.(1) The foreland basin is the superimposition of the compression sedimentary stratigraphic sequence with the extension basin, and the foreland basin includes underlying rift basin and upper dustpan flexure deposited basin.(2) The foreland thrustfold structural deformation has occurred four times since the Protozoic, in the Late Caledonian, Late Hercynian, Indosinan and Late Himalayan, respectively.(3) The foreland basin developed based on the control of two factors that are the basin basement collaged by many small plates or terrains and the rejuvenation of ancient orogenic belt, so the foreland basins or foreland thrusts are located in front of ancient orogenic belt.(4) The foreland basins and the rejuvenation of ancient orogenic belt make up a giant basinmountains system resulting from the distant effect of IndiaEurasia collision, which is located on the outer circle of Tibet Plateau, so the thrust deformation intensity, basin deposition range and coupling between orogenic belt and basin changed from strong to weak as from interior to outer circle of Tibet Plateau.(5) There are many structural styles of the thrust and fold belt in different basins, such as brittle behavior faultrelated fold, ductile behavior basementinvolved structure, basementinvolved faultrelated fold, and salt structure.

在综述前人认识的基础上，笔者通过对中国前陆盆地的构造演化历程、沉积充填特征、构造成因及其空间分布规律、构造变形特征等的研究，提出了中国前陆盆地构造地质发育的5个主要特征：(1)两种不同性质的原型盆地发生正反转的叠合性，即挤压构造下作为&本体&的前陆层序与拉张构造下作为&基础&的裂谷、断陷盆地之间的叠置；(2)显生宙以来中国大陆先后发生了4期前陆冲断构造演化的多期性，它们分别是加里东晚期、海西晚期、印支期和喜马拉雅晚期；(3)基于小克拉通基底拼贴后在造山带前缘复活再生的继承性，即统一拼合大陆内部的构造变形导致古造山带的复活，在古造山带边缘发育新生代前陆盆地或前陆冲断带；(4)在空间分布上受环青藏高原巨型盆山体系控制发生陆内变形的系统性，在环青藏高原巨型盆山体系内构造变形强度、盆地沉降幅度、盆山耦合程度等从内环向外环依次降低，从古造山带向克拉通方向构造变形强度依次降低，构造变形样式逐渐简单、构造变形时间依次变新；(5)前陆冲断带的构造样式由于受边界力学条件和沉积地层介质作用而具有多变性，存在沉积盖层内脆性变形的断层相关褶皱、造山带前缘韧性变形的基底卷入构造、与走滑构造相伴生的基底卷入的断层相关褶皱、盆地内部塑性变形的盐构造。

The Upper Submember of the 4th Member of the Shahejie Formation in Huimin Depression represents one third-order sequence according to sequence stratigraphic analysis based on well log and seismic reflective data. Lowstand, lacustrine transgressive and highstand systems tracts can be recognized based on the stacking patterns and changes of lithology and lithofacies. The sequence stratigraphic correlation of well-tie sections made it possible to construct the regional stratigraphic framework.

应用层序地层学方法，通过钻井、测井、地震反射等标志，将惠民凹陷沙四上亚段划分为1个三级层序，并以地层叠置样式、岩性、岩相的变化细分为低位、湖侵和高位3个体系域；在连井剖面层序对比的基础上建立起研究区沙四上亚段层序地层格架。

The south-north united tectonic environment and tectonic pattern does not exist. The east-west trend thrusting Nappe structure of Majiatan and Hengshanpu can not represent the whole western margin of Ordos. The attempt to solve the regional tectonic problem with simple tectonic pattern is against the geological theory, especially in the Helan Mountain region.(2) After the geochemical data analysis of Ruqigou basalt in Helan Mountain, the article illustrates that it belongs to continental rift basalt which appeared in the late-Triassic and early middle Jurassic. Meanwhile the article states that the region is located in the rift environment of an extension background and Rudigou is located in the central part of the rift.(3) The article illustrates that the western ridge of Helan Mountain used to be on a slope and topography slowly declines from west to east after analysis and demonstrations of the distribution under XiaoSongshan bedding fault. Through comprehensive analysis of the no-strong deformation and bedding fault features, the article states that the Xiaosongshan bedding fault used to be gravity slip detachment structure and it represents the extension from the east to the west. Based on the above and analysis and demonstrations of isotope age and track datting, the article illustrates that the ? characteristic of the east of the western ridge of Helan mountain being higher than the west is the result of its late tectonic reverse.(4) Through comparison between Rujigou region Mesozoic Era late Triassic period-early and middle Jurassic period deposit and that of Ordos Basin and the analysis of the late Triassic period extension and early -middle Jurassic Period deposit povenevance it sets forth that during the period, Rujigou region was part of a large deposit basin which was closer to the northern povenevance and farther from the western povenevance.

以马家滩和横山堡为代表的东西向逆冲推覆构造模式，在整个鄂尔多斯盆地西缘不具有全区统一性，那种试图用单一的构造模式解决本区构造问题的尝试，无疑是与地质实际相悖的，尤其是对贺兰山地区；(2)通过对贺兰山汝箕沟玄武岩地质地球化学测试分析，提出其为大陆裂谷玄武岩，其形成时代为晚三叠—早中侏罗世，并通过该玄武岩的稀土和微量元素的测试分析资料进行了多种判别分析，最终确定该区处于拉张背景下的裂谷环境，汝箕沟地区大致处于当时裂谷的中心部位；(3)通过对小松山断层面之下地层分布规律，结合其变形特征的分析论证，认为当时贺兰山西麓处于一个由东向西平缓抬高的斜坡环境，并通过小松山断层面之下地层的非强烈变形及顺层断层特征等的综合分析，认为贺兰山西麓的小松山断层原本是一重力滑覆断层，它代表了近东西向的拉张，在此基础上通过裂变径迹测试资料的分析论证对其做了进一步认定，目前贺兰山西麓东高西低的剖面特征是该区后期构造反转的结果；(4)通过对汝箕沟地区中生代晚三叠世—早中侏罗世沉积与鄂尔多斯盆地内部的对比、晚三叠世延长组及早中侏罗世沉积物源和水流向分析，认为该时期汝箕沟地区为一更靠近北部物源，而距西部物源明显较远的沉积环境，是一更大型沉积盆地的一部分。

The correlations of heat transfer and pressure-drop in both refrigerant side and airside are elected. The computational units are divided along the evaporation process and the computation code is developed. The program is verified by the experiment results. 5 Six kinds of evaporators with different numbers of flow and passages arrangement were simulated.

建立了层叠式蒸发器的1维数值仿真模型，选取了制冷剂侧和空气侧的传热和阻力性能关系式，按蒸发器流程进行了单元体的划分并编制了计算程序，对2种层叠式蒸发器进行计算并与实验结果进行比较，验证了程序的可行性。

The form of this chair comes from rock in nature. The irregular form is realized through laminating of many layers of board material. The logic of laminating has nothing to do with the mechanism of real rock generation.

椅子的形式来源于自然当中的形式——岩石，不规则的形体用分片层叠的方法来实现，这种层叠的逻辑与真实的岩石生成的机理显然并无关系。

The paper mainly discusses eye detection and gaze tracking algorithm. On the basis of Paul Violas face detection conception with rectangular features, this paper finds some rectangular features that is suitable with eyes, and with these features the Adaboost cascade classifiers are trained for eye detection.

首先，在Paul Viola矩形特征人脸检测思想的基础上，又设计了一些适合于眼睛的矩形特征，利用这些矩形特征训练了Adaboost层叠分类器，用于眼睛检测，并根据眼睛对称性的特点，应用了一些几何特征对层叠分类器的检测结果进行校正。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。