变量

Definite economic explanations to spatial adjoint function and control variables are presented.

并对空间伴随函数和控制变量给出了明确的经济学解释。

And an optimal operation strategy of any kind of products subject to spoilage at any time is obtained on the basis of the proposition of the model of distributed parameter control systems. Moreover, definite economic explanations to spatial adjoint function and control variables are presented.

通过建立可变质产品的最优经营管理的分布参数控制系统模型，得出了零售企业每个瞬间每种可变质产品的最优经营管理策略，并对空间伴随函数和控制变量给出了明确的经济学解释。

A kind of on-line gradient learning algorithms based on signal flow graphs isproposed for neural networks on-line training. The signal flow graph and adjoint one of aneural network are used to compute the its gradients.

对于动态神经网络在线学习而言，该算法避免了传统梯度计算中复杂的链式求导过程，利用神经网络的信号流图及其线性的伴随流图，可以直接计算任何变量的梯度信息。

Finally, a hospital viscosity of plasma diagnostic system is optimized by adjoint matrix method and M-P generalized inverse matrix method of MTS. The results show that adjoint matrix method can't select effective variables and M-P generalized inverse matrix method is robust.

最后，利用马氏田口伴随矩阵法和M-P广义逆矩阵法对某医院现阶段血粘度诊断系统进行优化，说明伴随矩阵法在选择有效变量时存在的问题和M-P广义逆矩阵法的稳健性。

Micro flexible mechanical structure topology optimization homogenization theory adjoint operator sensitivity analysis

微小型柔性结构；拓扑优化；均匀化理论；伴随变量法；敏度分析

Using the adjoint operator of PW, nine sites'PWs are successfully assimilated into the initial condition and altered the initial temperature, water vapor and wind field. The change varies with variable fields and pressure levels.

本文利用开发的用于同化可降水量和天顶延迟的模式，成功地将9个站点的大气可降水量的分布及变化信息同化到初始场中，从而使初始场在湿度场、温度场和风场方面较同化前得到改变，这种改变在不同变量场、各个层次上变化的大小和形势是不相同的。

In the second chapter, the problem of the optimal inputting rate control for a class of competitive population dynamics system with age-structure is discussed. By means of characteristic line, Gronwall Lemma, Bellman Lemma, adjoint system and so on, the Lipschitz continuity properties of the system in terms of the control variable is certificated, and the necessary condition of the optimal control is obtained.

第二章讨论了一类具有年龄结构的竞争种群系统最优输入率控制问题，综合应用特征线法，Gronwall引理，Bellman引理，共轭系统等知识，证明了系统解关于控制变量的Lipschitz连续性，给出了控制为最优的必要条件。

Tangent linear and adjoint method of "on-off " switches are studied in this paper.

本文研究了四维变分资料同化中有关"开关"变量的切向线性化和伴随问题。

The adjoint variable method for design sensitivity analysis of multibody system dynamics based on ordinary differential equations is presented.

基于常微分方程数学模型建立了多体系统动力学设计灵敏度分析的伴随变量方法。

First the theorem is verified for the smallest admissible value of the integer.

归纳法：证明涉及到正整数变量的定理所运用的两部法。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。