变量

As a result, it shows thatthe static or dynamic subsystem optimum alone is not equal to the system optimum. Three initial value problems met in the optimal design of flying vehicle are studied andconclusions are derived that: orthogonal test method can be adopted to decide the initial valueof static optimization problem, some mathematical techniques can be used to deal with thecostate variables of Maximum Principle and decide the initial value of the costate variable,the indirect method can be used to get the analytical solution under ideal case to guide thechoice of the initial control curve in the direct method. With some numerical examples oftrajectory optimization, it shows that all these methods are useful not only in accelerating theconvergence but also in converging to the global optimum.

针对飞行器优化设计中的三种初始值问题进行了研究，以远程弹道导弹弹道的工程优化为例说明，对于静态优化问题，采用正交试验法选取初始值，不仅可以大大加快收敛的速度，而且更有可能收敛到全局最优解；以气动力辅助变轨问题为例说明，用共态变量的一阶泰勒级数展开可以解决极大值原理中共态变量初值难于确定的问题；以二级弹道导弹的主动段弹道优化为例说明，利用间接法在理想情况下得到的解析解来指导直接法初始控制曲线的选择，将大大有利于提高直接法的收敛速度。

Some fundamental properties of fuzzy probability characteristic, such as the fuzzy mean value function, fuzzy covariance function and fuzzy variance function of fuzzy stochastic processes are proved.

3研究了实模糊随机变量的数学期望、方差等模糊概率特征的基本性质以及计算方法，并且讨论了实模糊随机变量的独立性与分析运算的若干基本性质

The model is set up in view of the optimum design of midship section of container ships with crankle strength and frequency constraints according to CCS rules and thin-walled beam theory .

结合CCS规范和薄壁杆件理论，建立了考虑弯扭强度和频率约束的集装箱船中剖面优化设计的模型，考虑到中剖面优化设计中的设计变量为连续和离散的混合变量，利用isight中集成的自适应模拟退火算法，建立了巴拿马型集装箱船中剖面优化设计系统，并对3100TEU集装箱船中剖面进行了优化设计，取得了合理的结果。

Based on description method of damping motion in mechanical vibration, variables movement of generator are divided into two basic motion models: damping oscillation and critical damping motion. Detail methods of extracting damping parameters from simulation data is introduced to establish variable motion models. An approximate method is put forward to simulate low-frequency signal and generator response characteristic, from which motion models and damping parameters of main variables are obtained. The influences of oscillation amplitude, frequency and initial operating point of power system to the motion damping parameters are analyzed.

借鉴机械振动中阻尼运动的描述方法，将低频振荡下发电机主要变量的运动归纳为阻尼振荡和临界阻尼两种基本运动形态；介绍了从仿真数据提取阻尼参数建立参数运动模型的方法，实现对发电机振荡特性的量化分析；提出一种系统侧低频振荡信号的近似模拟方法，并应用于发电机响应仿真，获得了主要变量的运动模型和阻尼参数；分析了系统侧振荡幅度、频率以及初始工况对发电机功角振荡的影响。

The cross ratio of four points in the vanishing line is a projective invariant.

消失线上的四点交比是射影不变量，该不变量与各点所对应的直线夹角存在内在联系。

Firstly, variables which were acquired for the above two kinds of classification system were obtained from field and laboratory investigation of the core samples as well as test of supersonic waves in drilling holes. Secondly, distribution functions and parameters of all variables are determined using statistic method. Thirdly, 20000 RMR values or BQ values and cumulative distribution function of these RMR or BQ values have been obtained utilizing Monte—Carlo method and the results are plotted. Finally, risk analysis can be made from above results.

风险评价方法步骤如下：（1）首先通过岩芯样品的现场观测和实验室试验及钻孔岩体超声波测试获得两种分类所需的变量；（2）通过统计分析和判断得出各变量的分布函数及参数；（3）运用Monte—Carlo模拟方法获得2万个RMR值或BQ值及相应的累积分布函数，并将结果绘成岩体质量描述图；（4）运用以上结果作出岩体质量风险分析。

There are some variables set by the environment to access the name of the current file as well

一些变量是通过设置环境变量来访问当前文件的名称以及

The current sensitivity probability density function of energetic materials was deduced based on Frank-Kamenetskii parameter and resistance supposing as stochastic variable of normal distribution, by the application of the probability density formula of function in two random variables.

将Frank-Kamenetskii参数和电阻假设为正态分布的随机变量，应用二维随机变量函数的概率密度公式，推导出了含能材料电流点火感度的概率密度函数。

Based on the definitions of metric tensor and curvature tensor, the full expressions of their changes are put forward with asymptotic analysis, where the metric tensor change expression coincides with Ciarlet's, and the curvature tensor change expression is described more accurately than Ciarlet's.

提出的度量张量的改变量与Ciarlet给出的一致，而曲率张量的改变量比Ciarlet给出的更精确。

In order to ensure the reliability and accuracy of theoretical analysis, we use empirical analysis on the market data. At first, we make multivariate statistical regression on the financial indicators, including the day-to-day operating conditions, the stock market performance, and single-stock risk in a fluctuation cycle. On the basis of control variables, we then examine the direct impact of governance indicators and the indirect impact (the cross-variable regression of financial and governance).

为了保证理论分析的可靠性和准确性，运用实证分析法对股票市场一个波动周期内的财务指标（包括日常经营状况、股票市场表现、单只股票风险三方面）做多元统计回归，在此基础上，以财务指标作为控制变量，研究治理指标的直接影响和间接影响（财务与治理变量交叉项的回归）。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。