变迁

Firstly relied on the "Principal-Agent" theory, it will go through the microcosmic model analysis of corrupt behavior, including the avail analysis of "Defalcation corrupt behavior" and the equilibrium analysis of "Rent-seeking corrupt behavior", and then it will conclude some important factors which influence the corrupt behavior, such as the probability to be lighted, the salary of the officials, the degree and extent of the punishment and so on.Then it will go deep into the institutional analysis of the complicated corrupt phenomena. Relied on the institutional economics, this text will expound elaborate that during the compelling transformation of institutions, the structure of public power has an essential change. On the one hand, government has given up much public power; on the other hand, the cooperation mode between the government, the market and the society has not been perfected. So on account of the unbalance of public power structure, the disfigurement or blankness of the institutions was one of the vital institutional causes of the corruption.

首先以"委托——代理"理论为依托，对"贪污型腐败行为"和"寻租型腐败行为"进行微观的模型分析，通过对"贪污型腐败行为"的效用分析和"寻租型腐败行为"的均衡分析，推导出影响腐败行为的几个主要因素，如腐败的查处概率、政府官员的薪金、惩罚力度、个人的风险态度、租金的来源、市场主体的自主性、对行贿者的惩戒力度等等；接着对当前普遍而复杂的公共权力腐败现象进行深入的制度分析，运用制度经济学的理论，分析我国在强制性制度变迁过程中公共权力架构发生了本质的转变，政府在市场化的进程中一方面确实下放了很多公共权力，但另一方面市场和社会并没有充分发展起新的协作模式以弥补制度变迁过程中形成的制度缺陷或制度真空，因此，公共权力架构的失衡所形成的制度缺陷或制度空白成为了当前腐败蔓延的制度原因。

However, the core of changes in the social structure is the changes in the social delamination structure.

社会结构变迁的核心是社会分层结构的变迁。

The moderate social democratism was in line with the modernization trend but at the same time paid sufficient attention to socia...

这条社会民主主义的中间道路，一方面符合现代化变迁的大趋势，另一方面也注意调节变迁中的社会不公正和不平等现象，可惜的是中国历史并未给其以足够的实验空间。

First of all, as the forests disappeared, the propagation decreased, while some kinds of plants and animals were even close to deracination or had already died out. Next, the natural disasters, such as flood, drought, and tornado, etc. broke out more frequently and strongly. Again, without the protection by forests, soil erosion and fertility decline together with other problems appeared. Finally, forest vicissitude also had negative effect to social economy and people's lives.

首先是由于森林面积的减少，导致一些森林动植物的数量减少，濒临灭绝，甚至消失；其次，森林的变迁导致海南岛水灾、旱灾和风灾等自然灾害发生次数增加，强度加大；再次，土地失去森林的保护而引发严重的水土流失和土壤肥力下降等种种问题；最后，森林的变迁还对社会经济及人们的生活产生不利的影响。

According to this method, on the basis of ontology, the requirement of dynamic revising service cases and the description of revision operator are presented under the same circumstance, and the capacity of revision operator can be described with two respects of interaction environment and changes. Furthermore, the model of resource states transition graph is presented to realize the transition from the description of the capacity of revision operator to the resource states of revision operator. Finally, a verification method concerning the dynamic revision of service cases is presented to improve the revision and verification automatically.

将动态调整需求和调整运算子的描述统一在它们共同的环境的基础之上；并建立了调整运算子的交互环境本体，在本体的基础上，从调整运算子交互的环境以及调整导致的环境的改变两个方面描述调整运算子的能力；提出调整运算子能力的资源状态变迁图模型，实现了从调整运算子能力描述到调整运算子的资源状态变迁图模型的转换；还较为系统地提出了与基于范例推理服务组合相关的范例动态调整的验证方法，提高了服务范例调整和验证的自动化程度。

In a word, because multiple social subjects dissatisfy their extant resource structure, they are to take action to enhance their stock of resource accordingly.

而社会资源结构的变迁又推动了社会主体关系结构和社会规则结构发生变迁。

It can be seen from this that current system normalizing government behavior is a kind of system with nonequilibrium obviously, and its main embodiment as follows: the system supplies is deficient, the system supplies is superfluous and the functioning mechanism of the system is distempered.

在规范地方政府行为的制度变迁中，制度变迁的主体主要涉及三个方面的力量：中央政府、地方政府和社会大众。

The elementary action group obtains the benefits of institutional changes by way of founding the secondary action group, using the method of conferring the licence rights. Certainly, the path that the elementary action group recognizes the licence rights is to study in this course. The course of institutional changes.

发动制度变迁的方式——初级行动团体通过次级行动团体来获取制度变迁的收益，其方式就是通过授予次级行动团体特许经营权，当然，在这个过程中初级行动团体是通过学习认识到了特许经营权这种方式。

By these analysis and research, it puts forward that the contradiction of agriculture production and big market is the base of system changing of agriculture industrialization; it is the basic way to system changing and organization innovating that it can provide enhancive organization system guarantees for the development of agriculture industrialization by promoting actively agriculture resources and production factors to become capital on the base of the present production factors system of ownership in country; it can promote modern agriculture to come into being by resolving thorough the contradiction of agriculture production and big market and satisfy socialization big production; The stock cooperative system is a direction of managerial organization innovation of agriculture industrialization because it can make production factors flow and be recomposed, and promote actively agriculture resources and production factors to become capital, and realize per capital to be accumulated, and satisfy socialization big production of agriculture.

通过这些研究和分析提出了：我国农业生产与大市场之间的矛盾是农业产业化制度变迁的基础；制度变迁和组织创新的基本途径是在现有农村生产要素所有制的基础上，通过农业资源及生产要素资本化的制度创新，为农业产业化经营提供强有力的组织制度保障，从根本性上解决农业生产与大市场之间的矛盾，满足社会化大生产的需要，推动我国农业向现代农业的转变；股份合作制能较好地促进不同生产要素的流动和重组，积极推动农业资源及生产要素资本化，实现单个资本向社会资本的转化，促进农业资本的积累，满足农业社会化大生产的需要，是农业产业化经营组织创新的基本取向。

The goals of the vicissitudes of tax system of China gradually change,but its immovability is coercion and expediency.

在中国的税制变迁中，不断变化的目标背后相同的变迁理念是强制和权宜。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失