变迁

Supposing that a unit represented by a transition is restorable,reliability and maintenance degree of a transition obeys Weibull distribution and lognormal distribution respectively,and then the concept of generalized maintenance time is put forward,and the steady state availability formulas of a unit and a system are obtained respectively.

假设SPN中变迁所代表的单元是可修复的，变迁的可靠度服从威布尔分布，维修度服从对数正态分布，在此基础上提出广义维修时间的概念，并得到了单元稳态可用度、系统稳态可用度计算方法。

But as a interest distributive mechanism, the unique characteristic of market is that it has the natural demand and ability to expand, and from which the charity organization resultantly derives as the third distributive mechanism in the same time, so that the interest distributive mechanism of government just have transitional characteristic on powerful control and functional domination relative to other mechanism, according to which it can be regarded as a mixture of imposed institutional change and induced institutional change.

同时，市场这种利益分配机制的独特之处在于，它具有自我扩展秩序的本质要求和能力，也同时会衍生出慈善组织这种第三次分配的机制出来，因而政府利益分配相对于其他利益分配机制在权力上的支配和功能上的主导也只具有过渡性，由此一种强制性制度变迁向一种诱致性制度变迁的转变就体现出来。

Because of huge bedload be eroded to the sea by Huai River, the sealine of north Jiangsu province varied intensively, the sealine advanced quickly to the sea, with the bayou extending, the riverway be drew out in disguised form,which caused the water flowing slowly, therefore ,the floods occurred more frequently.

本时期淮河流域生态环境的变迁深刻地影响着淮河水患，但频发的水患也反过来对当地生态环境产生了巨大影响，主要体现在湖泊变迁(尤其是洪泽湖的横空出世、射阳湖的消亡)、河流改道和土壤的沙化、盐碱化以及由此引发的种植制度的嬗变中。

Companying by the transit of planning economic system to market economic system, more and more social problems are distinctly exposed to urban communities.

伴随我国从计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制的变迁，城市社区发生变迁，诸多社会问题、社会矛盾在社区层面得到集中的反映。

The first chapter: conceptualizes origin, developing and changing process of ancient Yutian culture, in addition, ancient Yutian education and developing process of social bilingual phenomenon in accordance.

第一章：概述了古于阗文化的产生、发展及其变迁的过程，并以古于阗文化的发展与变迁为主线，论述了古代于阗教育(佛教时期的教育、伊斯兰教育)，以及与其相适应的社会双语现象的发展历程。

NEW CHINA'S CORPORATION ACCOUNTING SYSTEM VICISSITUDE RESEARCH ABSTRACT To study our corporation accounting system has important significances as follows: First, cleaning up the historical material of accounting and auditing, discarding the dross and selecting the essential, focalizing and systematizing the historical material, can keep accounting culture heritage better.

新中国企业会计核算制度变迁研究研究我国企业会计核算制度的变迁，具有如下重要意义：一是整理会计审计史料，去粗存精，去芜存菁，使它集中化、系统化，以便更好地保存会计文化遗产，这本身就是我国会计理论研究的有机组成部分；二是可以总结我国企业会计核算制度改革的经验教训。

This article in the review related economy long-term growth leadership a motive academic argument foundation, uses the real diagnosis analysis the method, mutually relates from the productivity and the productive relations the angle embarked, proves the technical innovation and system vicissitude in the near modern world economics growth course dialectical interaction relations, Points out that kind lays undue stress on technical innovation or system vicissitude unilaterally decision significance which grows to the economy, and excessively intertwines to two what not only to be easy for the historical initial beginning academic argument to fall into the circulation paradox logic harms the area, moreover to solves the problem which in the current our country social economy development meets also does not have the benefit.

摘 要：本文在回顾有关经济长期增长主导动因的学术争论的基础上，采用实证分析的方法，从生产力与生产关系相互关系的角度出发，论证了技术创新与制度变迁在近现代世界经济增长历程中的辨证互动关系，指出那种片面强调技术创新或者制度变迁对经济增长的单方面决定意义，并过分纠结于两者何为历史最初起点的学术争论不仅容易陷入循环悖论的逻辑误区，而且对解决当前我国社会经济发展中遇到的问题也无所裨益。

As the school "mottoes", they are the mental norms and values shared by teachers and students.

鉴于此，本文从校训变迁的角度，折射出师范教育理念与传统的变迁。

According to important constructions and land use record, our main research directions are:(1)Analysis of green land transition in Taipei city;(2)The influences of river straitening project of Ki-long River to neighbor area;(3)Analysis of wet land transition and trend of urban development in Wu-Gu.

针对这十一年间重要的建设及地表利用纪录，主要的研究方向为：台北市区绿地环境变迁概况的分析；(2)基隆河截弯取直对邻近绿地的影响；(3)五股湿地变迁与邻近都会区发展之分析。

By means of the comparative analysis in the light of historical changes between China and the foreign ones, the author considers that their similar aspects are that the supply of the relative institutions both reflects the demand regulating the relative redistributive economic relations intervened by state appropriately, both reflects a kind of legal adjustments for the relative redistributive economic relations; the relative legal institutions are paid more attentions to generally in all countries; the succored objects are all distinguished into common ones and special ones generally; citizens receiving social assistance experience the changes from bounty to right generally; social assistance undergoes the development style from negative one to positive one and the changes from free burdens wholely to burdens of some duties;the functions of nongovernmental strength in social assistance are paid more attentions to generally.Their different aspects are that the patten option of distinguished institutions for the urban and rural areas is different;the special emphasis on the contents of social assistance is some different;the level of legislation for social assistance is different;the purpose and the guiding ideology of the design for the social assistance legal institutions are different.

通过对中外社会救助法律制度历史变迁视角的比较分析，认为二者的相近之处表现为社会救助法律制度的供给都体现出规制国家适度干预相关再分配经济关系的需求，都体现为对相关再分配经济关系的一种法律调整，在各国受到普遍重视，其救助对象都区分为一般对象和特殊对象，民众接受社会救助普遍经历了由恩惠到权利的变迁，社会救助普遍经历了由消极被动到积极主动模式的发展，由完全无偿向一定义务负担的转变，民间力量在社会救助中的作用普遍得到重视；差异之处表现为城乡分制模式选择不同，社会救助内容侧重点有所不同，社会救助的法治化程度不同，社会救助法律制度设计的目的存在区别，社会救助法律制度设计的指导思想不同。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失