变晶

The lecture contains 12 chapters for 2 semesters and includes information of materials basic features and properties such as Crystallography, Motion state of electrons in solids, Crystal structure, Semi-crystals and non-crystals, Phase diagram, Point defects and line defects, Plane defects and volume defects, Diffusion, as well as the basic principles of materials processing such as Solidification, Deformation and recrystallization, Solid transformation.

授课内容分十二章；涉及材料最基本的性质和特征（晶体学基础，固体材料中电子运动状态，晶体结构，非晶态与半晶态，相图、晶体中的点缺陷与线缺陷、面缺陷与体缺陷、扩散）以及材料成形过程涉及的基本原理（凝固、形变与再结晶、固态相变等）。

The study of the geological characteristics, ore-forming condition and genetic type from the Pingdingshan gold deposit, shows that the cryptomerous diorite and dioritic porphyrite in different stages formed a vein rock zone with gold containing ore bodies in the area, and five vein ore bodies were blocked out by spreading out with the NNE direction in the field.

黑龙江嘉荫平顶山岩金矿床的地质特征、形成条件和成因类型的研究表明：矿区内不同阶段的细晶闪长岩、闪长玢岩形成一个含金矿体的脉岩带；矿床范围内圈定5条呈脉状沿北北东向展布的矿体；矿石类型为石英脉型和蚀变岩型；金以裂隙金、晶隙金和明金为主，以银金矿的形式存在，且主要与石英、黄铁矿、毒砂和水云母共生；成矿作用分为热液期及表生期，其中热液期又分为4个成矿阶段，即纯石英阶段，黄铁矿毒砂石英阶段，黄铁矿毒砂水云母石英阶段和石英碳酸盐阶段。

Differential Thermal Analysis did not reveal the ammonium perchlorate phase change from rhombic to cubic.

差热分析没有测出过氯酸铵从正交晶向立方晶的相变。

With the addition of LCP, the spherulite size became smaller, the number increased, the long period decreased and the grain size became smaller.

对PEEK结晶形态的影响：使球晶尺寸变小，数目增加；长周期有所下降，微晶尺寸减小。

Moreover, the hot compressive deformation behavior of the RS/PM AZ91 magnesium alloy and AZ91 alloy matrix composite were also investigated, the conclusions are drawn as follows:1. The processing parameters of the atomization-twin rolls quenching technology were optimized as follows: the diameter of the nozzle 1mm, the wheel velocity 25m/s, the pressure of atomization gas 0.3MPa and Ar gas for melt injection 0.1MPa. The RS AZ91 alloy flakes exhibited fine and uniform microstructures. When the flakes were extruded at 673K, extruded velocity of 0.1mm/min and extrusion ratio of 25:1,the magnesium alloy rods with clean surface, uniform dimension and excellent mechanical properties were obtained.2. The RS AZ91 magnesium alloy powders prepared by atomization-twin rolls quenched technology exhibited fine equiaxed grains with the grain size of 1-3μm, the phase constituent included supersaturate solid solution phaseα-Mg and miner fineβ-Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase. The as-extruded materials also exhibited equiaxed grains with the size of 5-7μm and a large number of fineβ-Al_(12)Mg_(17) and fewer AlMg_2Zn phases were detected in the alloy.

本文还研究了快速凝固/粉末冶金AZ91镁合金热压缩变形流变应力行为，快速凝固/粉末冶金法原位生成Mg_2Si增强AZ91镁基复合材料，经过系统的研究，获得如下结论：1、雾化-双辊急冷法在下列工艺参数组合下：双辊线速度25m/s；喷嘴直径1mm；熔体压射压力0.1MPa；雾化气体压力0.3MPa。，可获得宏观尺寸细小、微观组织均匀细小、综合性能优良的的快速凝固AZ91镁合金细碎箔带，快速凝固箔带在挤压温度为673K、挤压速度为0.1mm/min，挤压比为25：1时，可获得的外表光洁、尺寸均匀、组织性能优异的镁合金棒材。2、雾化-双辊急冷法制备的AZ91镁合金粉末态为细小等轴晶组织，晶粒尺寸1-3μm，组织为α-Mg过饱和固溶体和微量的细小β-Mg_(17)Al_(12)相组成；粉末挤压棒材为等轴晶组织，晶粒尺寸5-7μm，组织中含有大量细小的β-Al_(12)Mg_(17)以及AlMg_2Zn析出相，室温力学性能，抗拉强度383MPa，屈服强度275MPa，断后伸长率7.5%。

The experiments show that the remelting hardening layer consists of melting zone, quenching zone and heat affected zone. From surface to internal, the respective microstructures are extremely small hidden-crystal martensite and a few residual austenites, hidden-crystal martensite and carbides and residual austerite, martensite and backfire troostite and ferrite.

实验表明：熔凝硬化层由熔化区、相变硬化区和热影响区组成；由表及里组织分别为极细隐晶马氏体＋少量残余奥氏体、隐晶马氏体＋碳化物＋残余奥氏体、马氏体+回火屈氏体+铁素体。

The result implies that the magnetic property of this model do not belong to a same universal class on this lattice and a family of the diamond_type hierarchical lattices.

结果表明：这样一种特殊钻石型等级晶格和一般的一族钻石型等级晶格的铁磁相变性质属于不同的普适类。

China Fantastic Black" is a special type of granite, geologically in petrology, it mainly contains "ankaramite, if polished or water-washed, its slab presents background in dark black with big crystals in ingotism structure. It reveal itself a special optical effect of reflecting both golden and blue colors with interreaction in change which can only be seen from some precious stones ___ fresh and novel to eyes.

易彩黑&的岩石地质学成份主要含&斜长辉石岩&，其磨光板或水洗板底色呈深黑色，晶体为粗晶及巨晶结构，在深黑底面上晶体呈现宝石特有的光学效应——金色和彩蓝之&变彩，两色交相辉映，新颖养目。

Thecharacteristics of noncrystalline polymer are shown in thesimulation of phase transition of random copolymers withcrystallizable segments and noncrystallizable segments,this illustrates that the cooperative pairing model is aspecial behavior of crystallizable segments.

对结晶和非晶链段的无规共聚物的相变模拟反映了通常的非晶高分子的特点，这证明了协同配对模型是可结晶链段的特殊行为。

In the condition of keeping F、 K、Na content fixed, To improve slag structure and raise slag melting point and viscosity, MgO content is raised and TiO〓 is added. the main content is as follows:(1) Keeping CaO/SiO〓 fixed, MgO content rises from 10% to 16%, the free running temperature goes up 106℃, the viscosity goe down at bigger than 1425℃, but difference is little; keeping /SiO〓 fixed, MgO content rises from 10% to 16%, the free running temperature rises 87℃, the viscosity rises too; adding TiO〓 to 5%, the free running temperature goes up 98℃, the viscosity rise a little.(2) Powder crystal x ray diffraction and microscopic analysis shows: increasing MgO content, the cuspidine will decreace or even disappear, the monticellite goes up with MgO content rising, keeping /SiO〓 fixed, Akermanite content goes up, for high melting point minerals appear or go up, the free running temperature of the slag bearing F is raised; Adding TiO〓, high melting point mineral—Perovskite forms, it can making other minerals'crystalling fast, it is the reason that TiO〓 raises the free running temperature of the slag bearing F.

2对测定粘度的冷凝渣所进行的X粉晶衍射及显微分析和鉴定表明，增加MgO含量，渣中枪晶石将减少甚至消失，而钙镁橄榄石则随MgO含量增加而增加，在／SiO〓不变时，黄长石含量也有所增加，高熔点矿物的出现和增加，提高了含氟熔渣的熔化性温度；加入TiO〓熔渣中将形成高熔点矿物-钙钛矿，钙钛矿的形成还促使黄长石的结晶，这是TiO〓提高含氟熔渣熔化性温度的根本原因。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。