变换的

Combining the definition of CWT and the derivative property of convolution, we constructed a general method to calculate the approximate derivative of signal through CWT by using the first and second derivative of Gaussian function, Haar, and the first derivative of three-order-Spline function as wavelets. As compared with the other approaches of calculating derivative, which include the numerical differentiation, polynomial filters, Fourier transform, and the recently proposed DWT method, fast calculation and simple mathematical operation were remarkable advantages of CWT method. For the signal corrupted by severe noise (Signal-toNoise Ratio=5), the satisfactory results could also obtained via CWT method through appropriately adiusting the dilations.

在此基础上，(1)结合连续小波变换的特点和卷积的微分性质，提出了使用Gaussian函数的一阶和二阶导数，Haar和三次样条函数的一阶导数作为小波函数的连续小波变换计算信号近似导数的一般性方法，与其他导数计算方法(包括数字微分法，多项式滤波法，Fourier变换法和离散小波变换法)相比，本法简单便捷，计算速度快，对于噪声含量较高的信号(S/N为5)，只要适当调节尺度即可获得比较满意的结果。

The paper mainly discusses the distinguishing usage of the isoparamentric transformation idea to deal with complicated physiological structure, such method as fibrous finite element division, material parameter transformation concerned non-homogeneity, numerical integral with multi-layered composite, and inverse mapping considered complex boundary condition and loads.

本文主要介绍了等参变换思想、方法在建模分析中的特色应用，如基于纤维结构的等参有限单元离散、考虑非均匀性的材料参数等参变换、层和数值积分和考虑复杂边界条件及负载特性的逆变换等均是运用等参变换的思路来处理复杂的生理结构问题。

At present, most of the image watermarking algorithms based on the wavelet transform fail to take into account the shortcoming that the first generation wavelet transform used in image processing will introduce quantization errors inevitably, because of the storing characteristics of the image. Wavelet transform that maps integers to integers will not introduce quantization errors. Its time-frequency analysis method and multi-scale property accordant with human being vision system makes integer wavelet transform an ideal way for digital watermarking.

目前，大多数基于小波变换的图像水印算法没有考虑到第一代小波变换用于图像处理中不可避免的引入量化误差的缺点，而整数小波变换除了具有小波的多分辨率分析与人类视觉特性一致、具有良好的时频特性等优点以外，还避免了第一代小波变换用于图像处理中引入量化误差等缺点。

This article first discusses the significance of homogeneity of variance, then studies the general method of transformation for homogeneity of variance on the relation between the data mean and the variance when population distribution is known ,and it uses the Mathematica software to analyse the variety rules between the parameter and the variance in the corresponding transformation.

从方差非齐性数据处理中的变换的必要性入手，根据数据均值与方差之间的关系研究了总体分布已知时的方差齐性变换的一般方法，并利用Mathematica软件分析相应变换中参数与方差之间的图形规律，最后介绍了总体分布未知时的BoxCox变换的一般原理。

The definition of Wavelet Analysis is that shifting the mother wavelet e.g. which has limited energy, such as shifting for, then proceeding dimensions, we obtained wavelet basis function ,, which make the inside product to the function to analysis With the Fourier transformation to the and, then the equivalent frequency spectrum of wavelet transformation can be expressed as where 、 are the transformations of 、 respectively and i is an imaginary number unit.

小波变换的含义是：把一具有有限能量的母小波，如进行移位后，再进行尺度的伸缩得到小波基函数为然后与待分析的函数作内积，即对和作Fourier变换后，可得到小波变换的等效频域表示为：其中、分别是、的Fourier变换，i为虚数单位。

The digital algorithms of integral and discrete wavelet transform are presented for purpose of electric power system protection, based on the analysis of wavelet transform for sampled digital signals under the Shannon sampling theorem.

从电力系统继电保护应用的角度，结合香农采样定理，深入探讨了连续信号和离散信号的小波变换的关系，给出了离散信号的积分小波变换和离散小波变换的数字计算方法。从理论上研究了信号小波变换的误差与尺度函数和小波函数的关系。

An approach to image interpolation based on local fractal similarity transformation suitablefor complex images in natural scenes is described. Similarity transformation of rectangular image blocks are added and the extremem method in the function with two variables is used to obtain the optical similarity transformation.

提出了适用于复杂自然景物图像的基于局部分形自相似变换的图像插值方法，在常用的局部分形自相似变换基础上增加了矩形图像块的自相似变换，并采用二元函数的极值方法求最佳相似变换。

The paper first discusses the programming principles of how to exploit the parallelism underlying in sequential programs with the Parallel Programming Interactive Environment, explains the designing methods of the major functions and tools integrated in the PROFPAT (the PROgramming environment for the Fortran PArallel Transformer), and demonstrates its initial application process by the practice of interactive dependence analysis, loop parallelization, array privatization and unimodular transformation.

首先，本文从理论上深入探讨了如何借助并行程序设计交互环境帮助程序员分析和利用潜藏于串行程序中的并行性的原理，详细介绍了并行程序设计环境PROFPAT中集成的主要功能和主要工具的设计实现方法，并结合交互相关性分析、交互循环并行化变换、交互数组私有化变换、交互幺模变换等程序并行化分析、变换的初步应用实践，说明了这些工具和功能的应用方法。

Including: basic coordinate changing: MOVE (move the entire or a part of figure to other location of coordinate); ZOOM (used for export map with different size); CIRCUMROTATION;仿射变换 integration move, zoom and circumrotation

包括：基本坐标变换：平移（将图形的一部分或全部移动到迪卡尔坐标系中另外的位置）、缩放（用于输出大小不同的图形）、旋转；仿射变换（综合考虑图形的平移、旋转和缩放的变换）。

In the second part, we make the study of the application of Z-transformation when we solve linear difference equation bearing constant coefficient and transmission function in pulsing system.

第2部分：&Z变换的应用&，主要通过上1章研究的Z－变换的逆变换和10个性质定理，研究了Z－变换在求解具有常系数的线性差分方程和脉冲系统的传递函数方面的应用。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。