变形的

Based on conformal mapping and differential geometry theory,a triangular mesh parametrization method by optimizing deformation energy is proposed in the paper.

本文首先基于保形映射和微分几何相关理论，定义了一种统一衡量参数化的角度变形和面积变形的变形能量。

The new method is based on the relations between the elastic strain energy and distortion. By using thin-wall hypothesis and assumption of elastic strain energy distribution, it is practical to predict distortions of huge welding fabrication through integrating this method with finite element analysis.

该相似方法通过薄壁件条件简化了弹性应变能和变形间的关系，通过"虚拟模型件"将模型和实际构件的变形联系起来，使通过模型研究实际构件的焊接残余变形成为可行，从而为大型结构焊接变形的数值模拟结果提供了科学、现实的验证方法。

The results show that the additional shearing strain different from the normal compression deformation is generated in asymmetric rolling process. The more the different ratio of diameter,the greater the additional shear...

结果表明：在非对称轧制条件下会产生不同于普通压缩变形的附加剪切变形，而且异径比越大，产生的附加剪切变形也越大。

The result shows that the additional shearing strain which is different from the normal compressive deformation was generated during asymmetric rolling. This additional shearing strain is beneficial to grain refinement.

结果表明：在摩擦系数比不同的非对称轧制条件下，会产生不同于普通压缩变形的附加剪切变形，而且这种附加剪切变形为组织细化提供了有利条件。

Secondly, two-dimentional analytic method and three-dimension finite element method is adopted to analyze stratum movement and soil influence during pipe jacking construction, we can know the laws of horizontal and longitudinal deformation of the earth's surface.

然后通过对顶管施工引起的地表变形进行二维解析计算和三维数值模拟分析，得出顶管施工过程中和施工后地表变形的横向和纵向变形规律。

Large numbers of test data which is systemic, credible, exact and detailed was acquired during the processing of these two scientific research item and settlement value and theoretical analysis on trial section was done together with the test and research on the site. The connection between the rule of settlement in the transition zone and the parameter such as groundsill, transmogrification modulus, material and density was studied based on comparing true settlement value in trial section with settlement value of theoretical calculation by frame analysis software. And it will help the farther research on design and construction about road-bridge transition zone.

同时在两个科研项目开展过程中，取得了大量系统、详实、可靠的试验数据，并结合现场试验研究工作，在室内开展了深入细致的过渡段沉降变形数值计算和理论分析研究，运用有限元分析软件，对过渡段的沉降变形进行了仿真数值模拟计算，与现场实测数据进行了对比分析，全面考察了过渡段地基土层与变形模量、路堤填料与压实密度等参数对过渡段沉降变形的影响规律，为进一步研究路桥过渡段的设计和施工可以提供借鉴。

According to the morphological characteristics of cementite lamellae, the deformed pearlite can be divided into three kinds: irregularly bent lamella (pearlite lamella originally inclined with large angles to the rolling plane and irregularly bent after deformation); coarse lamellae with shear-band (the rhomboidal blocks of weakly deformed lamella bounded by shear band) and fine lamella (heavily deformed lamella aligned parallel to the rolling direction with fine interlamellar spacing).

按渗碳体形态特点，变形珠光体组织可分为以下3种类型：(1)不规则弯曲片层型，即变形后的渗碳体与轧制面呈大角度偏离且不规则弯曲的珠光体。(2)带有剪切带的粗大片层型，即被渗碳体剪切带分开且变形轻微的珠光体。(3)精细片层型，即与轧制方向平行排列、片间距细小且渗碳体严重变形的珠光体。

The second part advances the theory of deformation control design of masonry buildings in mining subsidence areas according to the characteristics of subgrade and the ground deformation unparallel to buildings.

对变形控制措施的组合、加固构件的受力、墙体变形的性态、地基反力的分布、基础与地基的接触状态、房屋的变形与破坏以及地基动态变形等方面进行了研究。

By mechanics analysis of ground deformation, this paper makes a systematic research on the affecting factors of ground deformation of shield tunnel and excavation and establishes a predicted model of ground deformation based on neural network. This model is applied to predict actual ground deformation caused by shield tunnel and excavation in Shanghai, Guangzhou, Nanjing etc.

本文以盾构法隧道和基坑为研究对象，通过对地面变形机理的分析，全面系统地从理论上探讨了盾构隧道和基坑引起地面变形的影响因素，建立了基于神经网络的地面变形预测模型，并运用该模型对上海、广州、南京等城市的盾构隧道和基坑工程所引起的地面变形进行了实际预测，获得了令人满意的预测结果。

In responding to the problems identified, a countermeasure of bolt-mesh-anchor-shotcrete + floor-bolt + truss coupling supporting is proposed, namely using shotcrete to seal surrounding rock, bolt-mesh support to release deformation energy, floor bolt to transfer floor heave plastic slippage force, anchor-truss support to control the deformation of surrounding rock. Therefore, the effective deformation control of deep high stressed soft rock roadway can be achieved.

为此，提出了锚网喷＋锚索＋底角锚杆＋桁架耦合支护对策，即通过喷层封闭围岩，锚网柔性支护释放变形能，底角锚杆转移底臌塑性滑移作用力，锚索＋桁架支护控制围岩整体变形，从而实现对高应力巷道围岩变形的有效控制。

I can still vividly recall the impressive scenes you gave. You were among my friends and relatives who accompanied me from my house to the seaport and when the porters were slow to show up, you obligingly carried my suitcase for me.

你对我的种种感人情意，使我记忆犹新，那天你随着我的亲友从家里送我上轮船，搬运工迟迟不来，你毅然替我提着皮箱上船。

St. Nicholas became the patron saint of Russia, where he was famous for his red cape, flowing white beard, and bishop's mitre.

圣尼古拉成了俄罗斯人的守护神，在那里，他以身披红斗篷，留着飘逸的白胡须，戴着主教法冠而闻名。