变导的

The time-varying channel was modeled as an autoregressive process and a low-dimensional Kalman filter based on pilots was used to estimate the AR parameters,and the LS algorithm was adopted to track the time-varying channel fading factors.

采用AR过程对信道进行建模，利用基于导频的低维Kalman滤波算法进行信道估计，并采用LS算法估计时变的信道衰减因子。

As to its computing methods, this paper synthesizes six kinds, they are: utilizing a general integral method of complex function directly; utilizing Cauchy integral theorem; utilizing Cauchy integral formula; utilizing Cauchy high-level differential coefficient; utilizing Cauchy residue theorem; utilizing the residual of logarithm.

关于周线积分的计算方法，本文综合了六种，它们分别是：直接利用一般的复变函数积分的方法；利用柯西积分定理；利用柯西积分公式；利用柯西高阶导数公式；利用柯西留数定理；利用对数留数。

Firstly, the approach formulates a cost functional to turn the inverse problem into a constrained minimization problem according to least squares criterion, then the resulting constrained minimization problem is transformed into an unconstrained minimization problem by using a penalty function technique, and then the closed Fr chet derivatives of the Lagrange function with respect to the properties are derived based on the calculus of variations, finally, one can solve the resulting problem by using any gradient-based algorithm and the finite-difference time-domain method.

该方法首先以最小二乘准则构造目标函数，将逆问题表示为约束最小化问题；接着应用罚函数法转化为无约束最小化问题；然后基于变分计算导出闭式的拉格朗日函数关于特征参数的Fr chet导数；最后借助梯度算法和时域有限差分法迭代反演德拜模型参数。

In this paper, we give the TEM tunnel prediction configuration. After analyzing the special condition of tunnel location, we introduce "moving plate" theory and create the imaging system of TEM prediction based on the parameter of secondary differential conductivity.

文中介绍了瞬变电磁超前预报的工作装置形式；通过对掌子面特定环境的分析，提出引用"浮动薄板"理论，以二次电导微分参数为特征量建立隧道超前预报成像系统。

The proposed control strategy is discussed detailedly based on the Lie derivative method. The geometry associated with the sliding mode control is easy to understand and could be particularly exploited in circuits which are designed to exhibit a time scale separation property.

文中采用李导数分别给出了二阶和三阶滑模变结构控制器详细的分析和设计，与传统的分析和设计方法相比，该方法使整个过程更加简明、更具系统性。

The limitations of this scheme became quite apparent with the introduction of detectors such as the plumbicon, image orthicon and vidicon

这个方法的局限性在引进诸如氧化铅光导管摄像管，超正析象和光导摄像管之类的探测器之后变得很明显。

Thus the pulse parameters were determined based on examination of the microstructure, grain size, hardness and tensile strength of the deposits obtained at different average current densities with constant pulse-on time (ton =2 ms) and pulse-off time (toff= 45 ms).

结果表明，在恒定脉冲模式下(脉冲导通时间2ms，脉冲断开时间45ms)，镀层晶粒尺寸随电流密度的上升而明显下降，硬度与强度则显著上升，当电流密度超过8A/dm2时，抗拉强度开始急剧下降而硬度保持6kN/mm2的高位基本不变，当超过12A/dm2时，硬度也开始下降。

In this method,the glottal flow derivative is modelled as the Liljencrants-Fant model and the vocal tract is described as a time-varying ARX model.

此方法利用LF(Liljencrants-Fant)模型对声门波导数进行建模，而声道被描述为一个时变的ARX模型。

It was found that the efficiency after variable temperature phosphorus gettering was much better than that of isothermal one for cast multicrystalline silicon, especially in the high quality zone of as-grown materials, and the optimal parameter of variable temperature phosphoru.

用微波光电导衰减仪研究了不同温度和时间的恒温和变温磷吸杂处理对铸造多晶硅片电学性能的影响。

The linear combination of the error and its derivative are selected as switch surface, and then the tendency law method is used to design VSC control law. T-S FNN is imported, so that the actual output can trail the given value.

选择误差及其各阶导数的线性集结作为切换面，用趋近律方法设计变结构控制律，引入T-S模糊神经网络，使实际输出始终跟踪给定值。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐