变化点

In this work,atomic force microscopy,near-field scanning optical microscopy,laser scanning confocal microscopy and quantum dot labeling were used to investigate the biophysical properties(the parameters including morphology,membrane nanostructures,membrane pore, friction distribution,adhesion properties,specific interaction of antigen-antibody,distribution mode of membrane receptors and so on) of T lymphocytes stimulated by phorbol dibutyrate plus ionomycin at nanoscale.

本论文基于AFM和NSOM，结合量子点标记及激光共聚焦等技术，以人外周血T淋巴细胞为研究对象，在纳米尺度研究了活化前后以及不同活化阶段T细胞生物物理特性的变化，即细胞形态结构、膜表面纳米结构、膜孔变化、膜表面摩擦力分布、膜表面粘附特性、抗原-抗体间特异性相互作用力、膜表面受体分子分布模式等。

And I have analysed the relation between the diffractive efficiency and the angle of the incidem light.

本文同时分析了衍射器件轴外点成像时候衍射效率随着入射角变化的变化情况。

The quantum size effect of a very small thickness circular disclike GaAs quantum dot on exciton's ground state binding energy and the electron-hole distance are studied by using calculus of variations.

利用变分法研究了有很小厚度圆盘形GaAs量子点模型中激子的基态结合能，及电子-空穴间距随量子点尺寸变化的规律。

Relation of hydrogenic impurity binding energy,effective Bohr a _ and virial theorem value and quantum dots size and studied variationally by using variational wave functions of containing two parameters.

选用含有2个变分参数的波函数，利用变分法计算了无限深球形量子点中施主杂质态的束缚能、杂质有效玻尔半径、维里定理值等随量子点尺度的变化关系。

Daxing as the case study has been studied in this dissertation, with the help of geostatistics and GIS, on the basis of data of the second general soil quality investigation in 1982 and the corresponding data of indoors soil analyzed, the spatio-temporal law of organic total-N, hydrolyzable nitrogen, available-P and available-K below the surface of soil (0-20cm) within 20 years in Daxing has been studied, as the same time, the change of soil quality has been evaluation applying to the method of soil quality compressive index, the main results are as follows

本文以北京市大兴区为研究样区，以相同样点的1982年第二次土壤普查土壤肥力数据和2000年的新采土样分析数据为基础，运用GIS与地统计学结合的方法，研究了20年来北京市大兴区300多点位的表层土壤的(0-20cm)有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾等肥力要素的时空变化规律，应用土壤质量综合指数法定量评价了表层土壤质量的变化，研究主要结论如下

The analysis of these data shows that in the process of evolution the X chromosomes are as conservative as those in other mammals and the intraspecific and interspecific changes of autosomes follow such a rule:the increase of one chromosome in 2n number is always accompanied by the increase of two acrocentrics and the decrease of one metacentric or submetacentric,and vice versa.

对这些材料所进行的分析表明，鹿属动物在进化过程中，X染色体是很保守的，而常染色体的变化，无论是种间还是种内，全是2n数每增加1条，中部或亚中部着丝点染色体数就减少1条，而端着丝点染色体数就增加2条，反之亦然。

Through designing of composition and structure of the bioactive graded coating,innerstress and its distribution in the coating were analyzed and calculated, the resultsshowed that when composition distribution coefficient n was 1.5, a reasonable stressdistribution could be got, that was at the beginning of deposition the suspension containingrichly BG granules was used so that a rich BG granules layer, a good transitional layerbetween BG layer at the bottom and the coating could be obtained at the titanium alloy side,the bottom of the coating; the stress value near the interface and surface and its character,pressure stress or tensile stress, were decided by the character of its composition itself.Changing composition distribution coefficient n could only change the variation tendency ofstress in the coating, but did not change the stress distribution rule in the coating. Thethinner the coating is, the sharper stress variation in the coating is, which does not mean thatthicker coating is better because the thicker the coating is, the little the permitteddeformation of coating is, so the coating thickness should be thinner, for example, about50μm for bending applications, but for applications only bearing pure shear stress, such asroot of tooth implant, the coating can be thicker little, for instance, about 80～100μm. The study on electrification characteristic and electrophoresis deposition of HAand BG granules in aqueous and non-aqueous solution system found that EPD almost didn'toccur in aqueous solution system. However, because HA granules take position charges inabsolute alcohol, a homogeneous EPD be carried out on the cathode titanium alloy slice, but taking negative charge in absolute alcohol the BG granules not be deposited on the cathode. A guided HA crystallizing, 100～300nm, on surface of the BG granules be realized by metathetical reaction, which cover BG granules with HA microcrystals and make the covered BG granules taking position charges in absolute alcohol, sequentially realize the EPCD of the BG and HA granules on the cathode, so it is feasible to make a titanium alloy/BG/HA bioactive graded coating by making use of EPCD technology. The corrosion experiment of rich boron bioglass coating and plasma spray coating showed that split phase, rich boron and rich silicon phase, occurred during its preparation. In basic medium the corrosion behavior of 〓 BG coating showed uniformity corrosion, the corrosion mostly occurred at rich boron phase area, therefore batch formula design of BGshould avoid the occurring of split phase. The corrosion appearance of plasma spray coatingappeared a non-uniform corrosion, mostly occurred at the edge of the laminated HA moltendrops, and emerged an accelerated corrosion tendency, which will easyly lead to corrosioncrackles extending to the interface and the happening of osmotic interfacial corrosion, thatmay be one of the major reasons leading to the coating cracking-off in the later period. Thetesting results of thermal expansion coefficient of 〓 and 〓BG showed the thermalexpansion coefficient of 〓 BG matched with that of titanium alloy better, and 〓 BG couldsinter with titanium alloy into densification enamel layer at low temperature (720℃).

将Ti6Al4V合金在1000℃下进行真空热处理会降低其力学性能，且合金内的V元素会向表面富集，因此，钛合金真空热处理和表面涂层的烧结温度不能过高，即应低于其相转变点；通过对生物活性梯度涂层的组成和结构的设计，分析和计算了梯度涂层内的应力大小和分布，结果表明：对于本研究，当成分分布系数n=1.5时，可以获得较合理的涂层力学性能，即在沉积开始时，采用富含BG颗粒的悬浮液，以便在钛合金侧获得同底层BG有良好过渡的富BG涂层；梯度涂层界面和表面的应力大小、性质由材料组成本身的性质决定，改变成分分布系数，只能改变涂层内应力变化的趋势；涂层的厚薄不影响涂层内的应力分布规律，但涂层越薄，涂层内的应力变化越快，但这并不意味着涂层越厚越好，因为涂层越厚，涂层允许的变形越小，对于应用于弯曲受力部位的涂层而言，涂层应薄一点为好(50μm)；而对于仅纯受剪切应力的部位，如牙根种植体，涂层可适当加厚(80～100μm)；通过对HA和BG颗粒在水溶液体系和非水溶液体系中的带电特性和电泳沉积的研究发现，它们在水溶液体系中很难发生电沉积；在无水乙醇溶液中，HA颗粒带正电，可在阴极钛合金片上发生均匀的电泳沉积，而BG颗粒则带负电荷；利用复分解反应法，可以制得100～300nm的HA，通过诱导HA在BG颗粒表面结晶，可对BG颗粒进行表面包覆，获得了被HA包覆的BG颗粒，改变了BG颗粒表面的带电特性，使BG和HA颗粒在无水乙醇中均带上正电荷，从而实现了HA和BG颗粒在阴极上的共沉积。

UV resonance Raman and UV-VIS absorption spectra have been measured ofaqueous solutions of an azobenzene-containing,single-chain amphiphile overwide ranges of temperature and concentration.

在共振拉曼光谱中，发现〓带强比随温度的变化而变化，并在化水点有一个突变，这是由于双分子膜间界水在冰点前后对膜聚集态产生的影响所致。

The pitting potential and the free corrosion potential varied with aging time parabolically, however,the critical potential for intergranular corrosion linearly.

而点蚀电位和自腐蚀电位随时效时间呈抛物线变化，晶间腐蚀的临界电位则呈直线变化。

Using the results of photographical experiment,analyzing the development of combustion and building two parts in chamber. By the characters of two parts of chamber,establishing time model.

基于已燃区和未燃区等燃烧特征，建立声学时域计算模型，开展单点和多点激励状态下的燃烧室压力波瞬态响应计算，研究燃烧室压力场的时域特性和变化规律。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。