变化点

The composi-tion of the seawater has changed rapidly since Phanerozoic, and the prolonged mineralogical changes of marine non-skeletal limestone and potash evaporates occurred in a phase on a 100-200 Ma.

结果表明：显生宙以来海水组分发生变化，经海相非骨骼灰岩和钾盐蒸发岩矿物学研究，发现这两种沉积岩长期以来连续变化，在"文石海"是MgSO4型蒸发盐，在"方解石海"是KCl型蒸发盐，从白垩纪晚期、第三纪早期的底部石盐溴含量及矿物学特征表明，此时处于"方解石海"，古海水组分的特点是造成缺硫酸盐型钾盐矿床形成的物化基础；通过NaCl-KCl-MgCl2-H2O和NaCl-KCl-MgCl2-CaCl2-H2O两个体系相图的分析认为，当时所形成的成钾原始体系母液是高镁、低钾氯化物型的卤水，在母液蒸发过程中，由于原始海侵母液与残余高镁母液的掺杂作用，致使结晶路线直接从氯化钠区到E点母液或光卤石与氯化钠共饱线上，而没有通过氯化钠和氯化钾的共饱线，因而在矿体中氯化钾相很少或几乎不存在，由于外界CaCl2型水体的掺杂，使成钾母液进入光卤石相区，随着蒸发的进行，最终形成溢晶石矿物。

The normal and curvature are significant geometry information for 3D point clouds.

差分坐标以其相关之拉普拉斯运算子在三维数位几何模型上已有许多的研究及应用，顶点的差分坐标计算是由顶点与拓扑上之相邻点的相对位置关系所求得，因此顶点之差分坐标代表了区域曲面起伏变化情况，差分坐标其方向会近似於区域法线方向而其长度会近似予区域平均曲率，此两项资讯为点云资料重要几何资讯。

The objective of this study is aimed at the implementation of parallelized numerical quadrature routines. The algorithm we choose for numerical quadrature routines is the so called "Adaptive Romberg Tree integration scheme"(abbr."ARTint") proposed by Lin et. al.[1997]. This numerical quadrature scheme can arrange the function evaluation points adaptively in accordance with characteristic of the trend of variation in integrand function values. When the accuracy of the numerical quadrature value is requested to be increased, a newer and larger set of function evaluation points must be incurred. The main advantage of ARTint method is the inclusion of all function evaluation points used in previous stages. It is this feature of ARTint method that makes it a quadratue scheme with prominent computation efficiency.

本研究在探讨数值积分程式之平行化，所使用的演算法为林聪悟与林佳慧[1997]一书所提出的「Romberg树自动布点数值积分」架构，此一数值积分方法能以适应被积函数值变化情形方式自动安排积分点来进行数值求积计算，在提高阶数以获得更高精度积分值的过程中，此一方法只须再计算新增加积分点的函数值，搭配先前已计算过的函数值的重覆运用即可获得更精确的数值积分估计值，如此将能减少升阶过程中函数求值计算的次数，有效率地完成单重积分的数值计算。

The computation results on real seismic data show that mutual information in the sliding observation window can indicate the existence of the seismic signals to be detected. Through the pickup of the rising-break or the peak point of mutual information, the arrival time can also be effectively estimated.

计算结果表明，互信息量随滑动窗口移动的变化情况可以明确标示出待测地震信号的存在，通过提取互信息量的突变点或峰值点，能够有效拾取地震波的初至时刻。

The computation results on real seismic data show that mutual information in the sliding observation window can indicate the existence of the seismic signals to be detected. Through the pickup of the risingbreak or the peak point of mutual information, the arrival time can also be effectively estimated.

计算结果表明，互信息量随滑动窗口移动的变化情况可以明确标示出待测地震信号的存在，通过提取互信息量的突变点或峰值点，能够有效拾取地震波的初至时刻。

While the experimental side force distribution over a slender body with a blunt ogive nose is basically consistent with the curve of the analogy predicted, and the characteristic points and half cycle of the experimental curve are basically constant with the roll angle changing 360°. But the local maximums in the curve are not the results as the analogy predicted, which is an important flow feature of 3-D slender body than that of 2-D cylinder.

而钝头拱形细长体在大迎角下的截面侧向力分布与脉冲起动横流比拟方法预测的侧向力曲线的形状是基本相同的，而且随着滚转角旋转360°，截面侧向力分布曲线的特征点和半周期基本保持不变，即它们都基本上不受滚转角变化的影响；但是截面侧向力分布曲线极值点形成的原因却是不同的，这是细长体绕流区别于二维圆柱绕流的一个重要特性。

They are designed based on the modifications to the standard perturbed system of primal-dual interior-point algorithms from two different angles.

本论文从两个不同角度对原-对偶内点方法通常使用的摄动方程组进行了变化，并据此建立了两个不同的内点算法。

By using the calculated results of EET theory, the local valence electron structure elements of residual chemical bonds of Al-Si and Mg-Al alloy melts, that is, the residual bond structure models, were established. From the viewpoint of effect of pressure on melt structure, the essential reason of deviation phenomenon for maximum solution point and eutectic point in thermodynamics equilibrium phase diagram was analysed. Moreover, under pressure condition, the change of thermodynamics equilibrium phase diagram was macroscopic reflection of microstructure change of alloy melt.

运用固体与分子经验电子理论的计算结果分别建立Al-Si、Mg-Al两种合金熔体的剩余化学键的局域价电子结构基本单元即残余键结构模型，从压力对熔体结构作用的层面，分析热力学平衡相图中最大固溶点和共晶点发生偏移的本质原因，并指出压力作用下热力学平衡相图的变化是合金熔体微观结构信息变化的宏观反映。

A point of discontinuity, change, or cessation.

分界点，不连续、变化或终止的点

By the solution method of the principal curvature and Boussinesq problems, the equations of the contact characteristics of the contact points on the face gear are developed.

利用曲面上任意点处主曲率的计算方法，得到了传动中圆柱齿轮和面齿轮上接触点处主曲率的变化规律。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。