变化点

the establishment of glass resistive and capacitive coupling quantum dots model of the foundation, through analysis of the quantum dots electrostatic and chemical potential.

在建立玻璃中阻容耦合双量子点模型得基础，通过分析双量子点得静电能和化学势，讨论了化学势随外加偏压得变化和共振隧穿现。

Methods this experiment chose seven parameter of cell nuclear, including the area and integral optical density, determined the changes of DNA content in the kidney cellule of 15 rats at different intervals between 0 and 48h postmortem with auto-TV-image system.

方法应用电脑图像分析技术，测定了15只大鼠在死后48h内不同时间点大鼠肾细胞核DNA含量的面积、等效直径（Mean－Dia，MD）、异形指数（Indexofdensity，ID）、平均光度（Average optical density，AOD）、积分光度（Integral optical density，IOD）、密度变化数（L－Den－Coe，LDC）和平均灰度（Averagegray，AG）等七项参数的变化值。

By making use of multi-points backward pressure of one dry gas well, this paper introduces how to confirm dynamic friction coefficient of downhole tubing at the exact moment through stable testing material, gives the productivity and the corresponding bottom hole pressure by using productivity equation, calculates wellhead pressure in combination with dynamic friction coefficient of tubing, establishes the correct wellhead outflow performance equation for this well, draws out wellhead outflow performance curve and discusses how wellhead outflow performance equation or wellhead outflow performance curve changes with the decrease of formation pressure or the change of wellhead outflow performance curve.

借助1口干气井的多点回压法试井资料，介绍了如何利用气井稳定试井资料，确定该气井此时此刻井下油管动态摩阻系数；利用产能方程给出产量和对应的井底压力，结合油管动态摩阻系数计算井口压力，建立该井准确的井口流出动态方程并编绘井口流出动态曲线；讨论了随着地层压力递减和井下油管动态摩阻系数变化规律，井口流出动态方程或井口流出动态曲线的变化规律。

Further study of this paper has shown that reason for"camel peak"phenomenon in the adhesion-creep test curves is difference between sliding-and static coefficient of friction and discussed the analytic formulae for line contact as well as one direction slip and special correction Lemk's method for point contact when their change is considered as stage jump function.

通过进一步的理论研究指出造成轮/轨粘着率与弹性滑移率实验曲线呈"驼峰"状的原因是滑动区和粘着区的动、静摩擦系数变化，给出了当它们为阶跃变化时线接触条件下的解析解和对点接触情况的独特的"修正"Lemke算法。

The thesis studies the difference between GWSs composition and traditional workflow applications, proposes the implement mechanism and technical architecture of GWSs composition and defines the reference model of GWSs composition platform, which provide holistic framework and top-level guidance for studying dynamic GWSs composition technology, designing GWSs composition platform, and implementing representative composite service applications.2、Theories and methods of composite process modeling and process analysis. This thesis proposes a meta-model of Geo-spatial Web services composition process defining from two aspects, i.e. process and resource. According to the process definition meta-model, we propose a new Geo-spatial Web services composition Process/Resource model based on extended WF-net, which effectively resolves the problems on uncertain activity option and dynamic variation of service in composite process model. A notion with regard to soundness of process model is proposed from three aspects, i.e. the structural correctness of process model, validity of data link and validity of resource. The notion of soundness definitely gives a dividing line on correctness of composite GWS process. This thesis analyzes sufficient and essential terms of soundness, and studies compositional property of WSCP/R-net models which provides an effective method to construct a soundness WSCP/R-net model. According to WSCP/R-net, the thesis proposes composition algebra and studies the properties of it. Based on the composition algebra, 6 kinds of composite process reduction rules are induced to optimize the process.3、Geo-spatial Web service QoS model and its application architecture. This thesis proposes an extendable GWS QoS model from three aspects, i.e. Geo-spatial Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer which can be used to distinguish GWSs with overlapping or identical functionality. We work over the QoS evaluation methods of composite GWS process which can be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of composition process. Aming at some disadvantages in traditional Web service discovery model for its lacking of QoS supporting, this thesis proposes a new service discovery model SDMQ supporting QoS constraints.4、Technologies of composite service executing. SSPL, a new composite service process language, is defined to overcome the disadvantages of existing composite services process languages which can not adapt to the dynamic variation of Geo-spatial Web Services. An algorithm is described to translate WSCP/R-net model into SSPL. The thesis studies the model of dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization, presenting an algorithm GODSS to resolve dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization in GWSs Composition.5、Design and implement experimental system and representative applications. According to the research findings presented above, we design and implement an experimental system and construct two representative applications to show that our achievements are effective and practical.

针对当前空间信息服务聚合研究中存在的若干不足，本文重点在基于工作流的空间信息服务聚合框架、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术、空间信息服务QoS模型及应用体系以及空间信息服务聚合流程执行等几个方面进行深入研究，主要工作和创新点包括：1、基于工作流的空间信息服务动态聚合框架：研究了空间信息服务动态聚合和传统工作流应用的不同，在此基础上提出了基于工作流技术的空间信息服务动态聚合实现机制、技术体系和参考模型，为研究空间信息服务聚合的关键技术、开发服务聚合支撑平台以及在此基础上构造特定的空间信息服务聚合应用提供了总体框架和顶层指导。2、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术：首先基于动态服务聚合流程建模的需求和空间信息服务动态变化的应用实际，从服务聚合的过程维和资源维出发定义了服务聚合流程定义元模型；与之相对应，对基本的WF-net进行扩展，提出服务聚合流程/资源网作为空间信息服务聚合流程的形式化描述模型，有效解决了现有的基于基本Petri网和工作流网的服务聚合建模方法所不能解决的不确定路径选择和服务的动态变化性问题；从流程结构正确性、数据依赖有效性和资源实现有效性三个方面提出了WSCP/R-net健壮性的概念，明确界定了聚合流程正确性的标准，并对WSCP/R-net模型的健壮性分析方法和WSCP/R-net模型的组合特性进行了研究；提出了空间信息服务聚合代数算子并对其性质进行了研究，在此基础上提出了6种聚合流程约简规则，从而可达到优化聚合流程、提高聚合流程执行效率的目的。3、空间信息服务QoS模型和应用体系：从服务本身、网络环境和服务消费者三个层次出发，提出了一个可扩展的空间信息服务QoS模型GSQM，实现了对空间信息服务的度量和评价，并对GSQM不同质量要素信息的客观、公正采集方法进行了研究；研究了空间信息服务聚合流程QoS评价方法，有效支持了空间信息服务聚合流程的执行、监控以及服务选择等操作；针对目前的服务发现模型仅支持服务功能性描述、不能有效满足空间信息服务应用需求的现状，提出了一种新的支持QoS约束的服务发现模型SDMQ，并对模型的实现框架进行了研究。4、空间信息服务聚合流程执行技术：针对现有的服务聚合流程描述语言不能有效满足空间信息服务动态聚合流程描述的特点，基于BPEL4WS提出了一种新的空间信息服务聚合流程描述语言SSPL；研究了满足健壮性要求的WSCP/R-net模型向SSPL的转换算法，在此基础上可以满足用户无显式编码来实现空间信息服务聚合应用的目的；研究了服务动态选择QoS全局优化模型，并在此基础上提出了一种解决服务动态选择QoS全局优化问题的实现算法GODSS.5、基于论文研究成果，设计实现了"空间信息服务聚合实验系统"，并构建了"矿产资源评价"和"城市消防应急响应"两个典型应用案例，对论文所述模型、方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。

The compound pendulum of alterable centroid has extremum of period which can be searched for by the golden section method and the Fibonacci method under laboratory condition.

钟摆式复摆的质心可以变化，因此具有极小周期点位置，在实验室条件下，这个极值点可以采用黄金分割法和Fibonacci法来搜索。

In the area where the intensity of the image is changed small the image is smoothed by the heat equation whose conduction coefficient is constant.

在图像的角点位置上，扩散速度趋于零，在线条点位置上，扩散速度由梯度的模值来决定，并在与梯度正交的方向上进行平滑；在灰度变化不大的区域上，采用传导系数为常数的热方程进行平滑。

The problem here was solely because of continental drift, so they defined some points relative to WGS84 in 1989, and keeps track of the changes.

还是因为大陆漂移，所以他们在89年定义了与WGS84相关的一些测量点，并持续贯彻这些点的变化。

Based on the radar dense data of convectional cloud on June 12,2004 in Yongdeng county,choosing two similar convectional clouds as seeding and non-seeding cloud,the remarkable changes of radar echo parameters of the seeding cloud compared with the non-seeding cloud were discussed in this paper,and the rain enhancement effect was evaluated primarily with ground observational rainfall data.The results show that many aspects of the seeding cloud,such as precipitation,life characteristic and vertical characteri...

利用2004年6月12日甘肃省永登县雷达观测对流云的加密资料，选取了2次相似对流云过程分别作为目标云和对比云，探讨了目标云作业前后较对比云雷达回波有关参数的显著变化，并结合地面雨量点观测资料对地面人工增雨作业效果进行了初步分析，结果表明：目标云在降水、生命期特征、回波垂直特征参数变化方面，表现出作业前后较对比云存在明显差异，目标云作业40 m in后地面产生0.6 mm降水，而对比云则从新生发展到减弱消散阶段经历较短的时间(30 m in)，地面并无降水产生，从而推断本次人工增雨达到了一定的预计效果。

The thesis can be divided into five parts as follows: First, the structural characteristics of finned-pipe evaporator are analyzed. After selecting suitable microelement controller, the heat-transfer and mass-transfer processes are analyzed for every microelement under the conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness. Based on previous equations, some parameters of frostiness are confirmed and the frost-growing model is set up under frost condition. Some hypotheses are postulated and with the help of the equation of mass-conservation, energy-conservation and momentum-conservation, the evaporation model which fits in the dynamic simulation is built, which set a solid foundation for system simulation. Second, the starting and stopping behaviors under disturbed condition are analyzed and calculated by using the dynamic concentrative parameter model, which gives some advice to better prescribe refrigeration system and set theoretic foundation for carrying out automatic control of refrigeration system. Third, the normal running process is analyzed and calculated by means of rational matching theory, which gives some advice on how to better understand the parameter change under steady state and the affection of inlet-parameter on evaporator. Fourth, the simulation software with dynamic characteristic is designed, which can be applied to calculate thernio-parameter of cryogen, air humidity and frost thickness under different initial and boundary conditions, and to carry out dynamic simulation under conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness, at the same time, to achieve detection and simulation at any stage from starting to stopping.

本文的主要内容如下：1对翅片管蒸发器结构特点进行分析，选取适当的微元控制体，就干、湿和霜工况下对每个微元分别进行传热传质分析，基于经验关系式确定霜的有关参数，对于霜工况下的霜生长建立模型，经适当假设，运用质量守恒、能量守恒和动量守恒方程建立适合动态仿真的蒸发器数学模型，为系统仿真奠定基础； 2对蒸发在大扰动下的开、停机过程，运用动态集中参数模型进行分析和计算，为更好地描述制冷系统运行的全过程奠定基础，同时也为制冷系统实现自动控制提供一定的理论基础； 3对蒸发器正常运行过程，运用动态分布参数和参数间定量耦合的观点来分析和计算，为更好地了解稳态工况下各点参数的变化情况及各入口参数对蒸发器动态特性的影响即蒸发器性能对各参数变化的敏感性； 4编写翅片管蒸发器动态特性仿真计算程序，可以计算不同边界条件和初始条件下的制冷剂热力参数、空气温湿度和霜厚度分布场，实现对翅片管蒸发器在干、湿和霜工况下的动态仿真。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。