变体

Result］ The new buds and petals of I.germanica was proper to be used as explant of tissue culture, with lower browning rate compared with other positions. The well situated tissue block of explant (3 mm×3 mm×3 mm) might reduce browning rate. Adding 0.1%Vc or 0.3% active carbon in medium had obvious effect on preventing tissue browning. The exogenous hormone 2 mg/L 6-BA was easy to lead to brownness turning, and 2 mg/L Kt and 2 mg/L NAA brought less effect to tissue browning. When using disinfectants of alcohol, its dipping time of 5～10 s for explant was the best, with the minimum browning rate. The culture under full illumination condition was liable to induce brownness turning, compared with other cultured conditions, the brownness turning could be restrained effectively by using imitating artificial climate condition for culture.

结果］ 鸢尾的新生芽和花瓣较适宜作组织培养的外植体，与其他部位相比褐变率较低；外植体组织块适中（3 mm×3 mm×3 mm）可降低褐变率；在培养基中加入0.1%Vc或0.3%活性炭对防止组织褐化效果明显；外源激素2 mg/L 6-BA易引发褐变，2 mg/L Kt和2 mg/L NAA对组织褐变影响不大；使用乙醇消毒剂时，对外植体浸泡时间以5～10 s为佳，褐变率最低；全光照条件培养容易诱发褐变，采用仿人工气候条件培养较其他条件培养可有效抑制褐变的发生。

The spore germination and gametophyte development of 21 ferns are studied. It indicates that :① the development period of prothallium and young sporophyte of the same species is different due to seeding time of spores;② the optimal temperatures of spores germination and gametophyte development of 21 ferns are about 15 -24 ℃;③ the rate of spore germination of rare ferns is much lower than the ferns which occur large populations in nature;④ the treatment with GA 3 can accelerate the germination of the spores;⑤ the prothallium changes from large to small, green to yellow when young sporophyte comes out. The prothalliums of all 21 ferns die away after the appear of the 3rd leaf of sporophytes;⑥ shapes of the 1st and 2nd leaves of the young sporophyte are different from those emerged later;⑦ spores cultured in dark can not germinate;⑧ a prothallium can develop only one young sporophyte though it has many archegoniums, and the spore propagation with leaf mould substrate is an economical method.

摘 要：以腐叶土为培养基质，对 21 种蕨类植物进行了孢子萌发和原叶体发育的研究，结果表明：①不同时期播种的同种蕨类的孢子，发育出原叶体和幼孢子体所历经的时间长短不同；②孢子萌发和配子体生长发育的适宜温度约为 15 ～ 24 ℃；③稀有蕨类的孢子萌发率低，而在野外能形成较大种群的蕨类的孢子萌发率高；④用 GA 3 处理孢子可以促进萌发；⑤当原叶体上长出幼孢子体时，原叶体由大变小，由绿变黄， 21 种蕨类的原叶体都在幼孢子体上长出第 3 片叶时消失；⑥幼孢子体上长出的第 1 、 2 片叶在形态上与以后长出的叶不同；⑦孢子萌发需要光；⑧ 1 片原叶体尽管有多个颈卵器，但仅发育出 1 株幼孢子体；⑨利用腐叶土进行蕨类孢子繁殖是一种经济实用的繁殖方法。

A basic review on dielectric nonlinearity and electric tunable mechanism was performed in view of thermodynamics, ferroelectric domain, polar nanoregion, field induced phase transition, grain boundary layer and AC dielectric nonlinearity. The dielectric nonlinearity phenomena in barium stannate titanate ceramics were studied and the field dependences of dielectric constant and loss tangent were showed.

关于低温介电弛豫行为与极性微区关系的讨论涉及到了弛豫铁电体与扩散相变铁电体之间的相容关系，作者认为所有的扩散相变铁电体都应该是弛豫铁电体或潜在的弛豫铁电体，它们的区别仅在于能够观测到介电弛豫现象的测试频率范围不同。

Errite transformation action of Nb micro-alloyed steels during FTSRhas been simulated by Gleeble-2000 thermal/mechanical simulation tester.

TSR薄板坯连铸连轧生产线由于其固有的相变特点，即在轧制时没有发生奥氏体-铁素体-奥氏体的二次相变，而只发生了一次相变，因此其相变机理是否与传统流程相同就成为研究的主要问题。

The start temperatures of the martensitic transformations estimated by using this model are in agreement with experimental results.

用这个理论模型求出来的马氏体相变的开始温度与实验的观察十分相符，并能很好地解释奥氏体晶粒尺度和冷却速率对马氏体相变的影响，涨落在等温马氏体相变中所起的作用，以及在等温马氏体相变中孕育期在&鼻部&温度以上随温度上升而增加的现象和孕育期反比于奥氏体晶粒尺度的3次方的实验结果。

Comparing the nucleotide sequences of 16S rRNA gene and ribosomal protein gene, we could find that these two strains have the highest homology of 99.4% and 99.8%, respectively. The nucleotide sequences of 16S rRNA gene for the CWB-YN strain shared higher homology (98.5%,98.9% and 98.0%) with phytoplasma strains in Tomato big bug 16SrI-A group, Western aster yellow (16SrI-B group and Clover phyllody (16SrI-C group). But it is obviously under 97.0% with other phytoplasma groups. The CWB-GZh strain shared higher homology (98.7%,99.1% and 98.3%) with phytoplasma strains in Tomato big bug(16SrI-A group ),Western aster yellow (16SrI-B group) and Clover phyllody (16SrI-C group).

苦楝丛枝病植原体云南株系与其它组16S rRNA基因序列的同源率进行比较，结果与16SrI-A组中的番茄巨芽病植原体(Tomato big bug，BB)、16SrI-B组中的西方翠菊黄化病植原体(Western aster yellow，SAY)和16SrI-C组中的三叶草变病植原体(Clover phyllody，CPh)同源率达最高，分别为98.5%、98.9%和98.0%，而与其它组的植原体16S rRNA基因序列的同源率均低于95%；苦楝丛枝病植原体贵州株系与16Sr I-A组的番茄巨芽病植原体(Tomato big bug，BB)、16Sr I-B组的西方翠菊黄化病植原体(Western aster yellow， SAY)和16SrI-C组中的三叶草变叶病植原体(Clover phyllody，CPh)的同源率达最高，分别为98.7%、99.1%和98.3%。

It is considered that when temperature begins to fall down under Ms, martensite and the untransformed mother-phase are in a kind of thermobalance. We try to use the equations in marten- site transform to get the mathematical relationship between the dynamics of the microclamp and the temperature, also including some useful results for design and fabrication of the microclamp. We hope these results will form the work principle base for SMA microclamp.

认为在Ms点以下，马氏体与未转变的母相奥氏体处於某种平衡状态，利用变温马氏体相变公式，处理SMA微夹钳的热力学和动力学之间的定量或定性的数学关系，得出一些对於设计和制造有用的结论，从而为深入研究SMA微夹钳的热弹性马氏体相变的工作原理打下理论基础。

The results are shown as below.1 Tectono-thermal evolution: The history of the Songliao basin is divides into four stages, high-temperature doming and extension, high-temperature rifting, low-temperature depression, and low-temperature shrinkage. Numerical simulation of mechanical process shows that the basin appeared in the early- to late- Jurassic as a result of rapid low-angle subduction of the Pacific plate towards the northwest, of movement of the Siberian block towards the southeast, of many other influences such as internal thermal stress in the mantle, gravitational force, stress of phase transition, etc. Both the Pacific plate and the Siberian block slowed down in the early Cretaceous, and almost stopped in the middle Cretaceous with the rapid decrease of abnormal heat in the mantle below.

盆地构造热演化力源机制数值模拟研究表明：早、中侏罗世至晚侏罗世晚期，盆地演化主要是太平洋块体向北西方向以低角度快速俯冲和西伯利亚块体向东南俯冲共同作用的结果，同时也与地幔内部热力、重力、相变力以及地球自转及公转速度变化效应和上覆块体绝对运动的作用有关；早白垩世早期至早白垩世中期，来自东部太平洋块体俯冲作用的减弱，而这一时期影响盆地演化的主要力源是地幔内部热力、重力、相变力以及地球自转及公转速度变化效应和来自西伯利亚块体俯冲作用；进入早白垩世晚期至晚白垩世早期，由于双重俯冲带中西侧俯冲作用带基本停止活动，而本区地幔热能的快速衰减则控制盆地的构造热演化；晚白垩世晚期以后，太平洋块体活动加强和地幔热运动是影响盆地演化的主要动力。

In the ferrous martensite transformations, the lath martensite of substructure with high-density dislocations is made up of the transformation basic-units with same orientations whereas the plate-shaped martensite with twin substructure is made up of the basic-units with different orientations.

本文根据铁基合金马氏体和贝氏体显微组织观察以及晶体学位向关系测定，提出板条马氏体、孪晶马氏体和贝氏体铁素体均由相变基元构成，相变基元具有切变形核长大的晶体学特征。

Based on the measure of sand geometry in M Block and comparison of results calculated with Spherical, Exponential and Gaussian Model, it is concluded that different variogram models get very different variogram range in major and minor direction.

在详细解剖M油田的砂体几何形态的基础上，对比分析球模型、指数模型和高斯模型的计算结果，3种模型计算的变差函数长变程误差15％，短变程误差25％，方向也不一样；同时运用不同模型计算的砂体体积亦有较明显的差别：砂体越发育，砂体连通性越强，不同模型计算的砂体体积相差越小；砂体越不发育，砂体连通性越差，不同模型计算的砂体体积相差越大。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。