受约束

The main factors affecting the soil-structure interface behaviors were found experimentally and theoretically, including: 1 the thickness of the interface that is five to six times the average grain size of the soil; 2 the aeolotropy of interface, which is responsible for anisotropic response of the stress-strain response of the interface; 3 two physical states, including crashing and compression of the soil near the structure surface, which govern the stress-strain response of the interface strongly; 4 two shear deformation components due to sliding and constraint of the structure surface relative to the soil respectively, which forms the deformation of the interface; 5 the volumetric strain due to dilatancy, which is found to be composed of a reversible dilatancy component and an irreversible dilatancy component. 4. A unified constitutive model of the interface, based on new elasto-plasticity damage theory, was developed. It was confirmed to be effective for the conditions considering monotonic and cyclic shearing, coupling effect of shear and volumetric strains, evolution of physical state, micro-structure aeolotropy of the soil and the resulting aeolotropy of the interface as well as the three normal boundary conditions stated above. 5. 2D and 3D finite element formulations of the present model were derived and incorporated into the FEM codes. They were applied to the evaluation of practical engineering problems with different typical interfaces between soil and structure. The new model was shown to be reasonable and effective.

确定了粗粒土与结构接触面厚度约为5～6倍的平均粒径，首次揭示了接触面的细观结构异向性以及由此所引起的宏观剪切异向性，发现了在单调和往返剪切荷载作用下土颗粒破碎和剪切压密两种物态变化机制共同支配着接触面力学性质的变化，通过细观分析证实了接触面的变形可分解为一般同时发生的土与结构交界面上的滑移变形以及结构面位移约束范围之内土体本身的剪切变形两部分，观测到接触面受剪时表现出明显的相对法向位移，并可分解为可逆性和不可逆性两个分量；(4)建立了第一个能够统一地描述单调与往返剪切特性、剪应变与体应变耦合特性、细观结构和宏观剪切异向性以及土颗粒破碎等物态变化特性的土与结构接触面弹塑性损伤本构数学模型，并采用多种法向边界条件复杂加载路径的试验成果验证了新模型的合理性和有效性；(5)提出了新模型的二、三维有限元格式并结合实际边值问题进行了应用计算分析，比较了不同接触面本构模型对计算结果的影响，证实了新模型及其有限元格式不仅能够合理地描述土与结构接触面的主要力学特性，还能够较好地反映土体与结构物在接触面处的滑移、脱开等不连续现象。

Simulation results show that the proposed algor ithm not only has better location performance with weak observational data, but also is relatively more insensitive to the target height.

仿真结果表明，该方法不仅对弱观测数据具有较好的定位精度，而且不受目标高程约束，当目标高程不确定时，仍具有稳健的定位效果。

In be bought this, alibaba's condition is not quite Anacreontic, I think to have two reasons: Above all, at the outset between Yahoo and Alibaba trade, be the legal tie that gets state of American new York.

在此次收购中，阿里巴巴的局势不够明朗，我认为有两个原因：首先，当初雅虎和阿里巴巴之间的交易，是受美国纽约州的法律约束的。

By becoming a member of the Ani n Community, you agree to be bound by each of these terms and conditions.

通过成为我们 Ani n 社区的成员，您同意受这些条款条件的约束。

The asynchronous transmission mode provides for communication with no timely restrictions. Packets reach the receiver as fast possible.

在异步传输模式中，信息的传送不受时间条件的约束，数据包总是尽可能快地被送达接收端。

A No person shall be made subject to any law or punishment which was not in effect at the time of commission of an offense, nor shall the Legislature enact any bill of attainder or ex post facto law .

第二十一条：任何人不受实施侵权行为时尚未生效的法律或惩罚的约束，立法机关也不得颁布具有溯及力的法律。

The sleeved column that is new-fashioned member bearing axial compression is composed of inner core and sleeve with gap between them.

它由内核与套筒组成，且两者之间有间隙，套筒为受压内核提供侧向约束，使得内核可以发生高阶屈曲模态，极大提高了内核的受压承载力。

The major concentsare summarized as follows: 1.Experimental research on the GFRP Tubed short reinforced concrete columns underaxially loaded are carried out to investigate the mechanical properties of working feature, theeffect of GFRP tube confining,ductility of the specimens.The effects of concrete strength,loading condition,ratio of longitudinal reinforcement and ratio of stirrups are researched.

完成了以下工作： 1、通过GFRP套管钢筋混凝土组合短柱的轴心受压试验，研究其工作机理、破坏形态、GFRP管对混凝土的约束效果、延性，试验研究了影响这种组合短柱轴压力学性能的部分因素，包括混凝土强度，GFRP管不同的受力方式，纵筋配筋率，体积配箍率等。

Most payments to doctors and hospitals are made on a "fee-for-service" basis—which means that, unconstrained either by medical necessity or value for money, the industry's revenues rise with every test it does, procedure it carries out and prescription it writes.

很多支付给医生和医院的款项都是建立在&一次一付的医疗费&的基础上，就是说，它既不受医疗必需品的约束，也不受的限制，每做一个实验，每定一项程序，每写一份处方都会增加这个行业的收入。

Most payments to doctors and hospitals are made on a "fee-for-service" basis—which means that, unconstrained either by medical necessity or value for money, the industry's revenues rise with every test it does, procedure it carries out and prescription it writes.

很多支付给医生和医院的款项都是建立在&一次一付的医疗费&的基础上，就是说，它既不受医疗必需品的约束，也不受金钱价值的限制，每做一个实验，每定一项程序，每写一份处方都会增加这个行业的收入。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。