受压的

In addition, some experience formulas for them are regressed. The third chapter establishes a unified S-N curve equation to calculate multi-axial fatigue ultimate strength of concrete considering both the effect of confinement and minimum/maximum stress ratio, based on the triaxial fatigue test data in this paper and the test results under uniaxial and biaxial fatigue loading in previous literatures. Moreover, the consistency of calculating condition fatigue ultimate strength with fatigue life distribution and initial ultimate strength distribution is analyzed.

第二章简要地介绍了本文三轴疲劳试验装置，进行了两向等侧压约束下混凝土立方体试件三轴受压等幅和变幅疲劳试验，分析了三轴受压疲劳破坏机理，给出了相应的疲劳破坏试验判断标准；得到了混凝土在两向侧压约束下单级和多级受压疲劳的变形发展规律，包括最大纵向应变、残余应变、最大纵向应变率和疲劳变形模量等随循环次数的发展规律以及疲劳损伤的演变规律，并给出了相应的经验公式。

From press press reinforcing steel bar rustily the angle that causes concrete compressive strength to drop, of the concrete component that studied reinforcing steel bar of press press district is rustily suffer a turn to bear the weight of force, put forward the concrete component with rustily reinforcing steel bar of press press district to bear the weight of the computational model of force and computational method.

概要： 从受压钢筋锈蚀引起混凝土抗压强度下降的角度，探究了受压区钢筋锈蚀的混凝土构件的受弯承载力，提出了受压区钢筋锈蚀的混凝土构件承载力的计算模型和计算方法。

In the existing buckling analysis of drill stem in horizontal condition,the drill stem is thought of as an even rod with equal diameter and sticked on the below wall of well on the action of deadweight,so it was simplified as simply supported beam compressed axially and supported evenly along its length by well wall.

在现有的水平状态下钻柱屈曲研究中，一般把钻柱看作均匀的等直径杆，认为钻柱在其自重的作用下，紧贴下井壁，因而通常把水平状态下的钻柱简化为在整个长度上受到井壁均匀支承的轴向受压的简支梁。

Its amount has relation with acting load. The influence on sectional curvature of bending components is the greatest one, the ultimate curvature of corroding section decrease obviously, and the sectional curvature increases rather sharply with the increase of rust rate during the process of corrosion. The anti-cracking capacity of prestressed bending R. C. components may be damage. For the convenience of engineering usage and damage evaluation of structure, this paper presents a concept of sectional damage coefficient on the foundation of experimental and treatment study.

试验与理论研究均表明，受压区钢筋锈蚀后对普通钢筋混凝土和预应力钢筋混凝土受弯构件的承载力影响均不大，但对构件的正常使用性能有较显著的影响，受压区钢筋锈蚀过程中，截面刚度有较显著的下降，挠度及受压区混凝土压应变随锈蚀量增加而增加，增加值与使用荷载大小有关；受弯构件的截面曲率所受影响最大，锈蚀后截面的极限曲率有明显的下降，在使用荷载作用下，截面曲率则随钢筋锈蚀量的增加而有较显著的增加；而预应力混凝土受弯构件的抗裂度会下降。

Continuous beam models with spring supports were set up to model end-plate connections. By comparing the results from tests with those from model analysis, the following conclusions can be drawn: during loading process, the neutral axis moves from the centroid axis to compression zone, not exceeding the center line of bolts inside the compression flange; ultimately, the tension flange and end-plate can be simplified as T-stub on the assumption that the axial forces of bolts in tension zone are equal to each other.

理论计算系建立带弹性支座的连续梁模型模拟端板连接，将模型计算结果与试验结果比较分析，结果表明：加载过程中，螺栓群中和轴逐渐从其形心轴向受压区移动，但不超过受压翼缘内侧螺栓中心线；极限状态下，受拉翼缘和端板可简化为等效T型件。

The product's formation of fracture should have the homogeneous structure without spalling grains and overpressed cracks.

产品的断口形成应该具有均质的结构而没有剥落的纹理和过度受压的开裂。

Exerting surrounding pressure can prevent crack growing in a uniaxially compressed concrete specimen. The behavior of concrete in which there is no crack propagation (called ideal state without damage growth) is researched in this paper.

通过对混凝土施加围压，使单轴受压混凝土的裂缝发展受到限制，从而研究混凝土在接近无裂纹发展状态下的受压性能。

ConclutionDTI may be more sensitive in pristine wallerian degeneration of spinal cord compression and can reflact the degree of injury of spinal cord compression.DTI is more precise checking method and can provide valuable information of quantization for earlier diagnosis of spinal cord compression in vivo.

结论磁共振弥散张量成像技术对脊髓受压损伤早期发生的华勒氏变性改变较敏感，并能反应其受压损伤程度，是目前早期活体诊断脊髓受压损伤比较准确的检查方法，对脊髓压迫症能提供有价值的量化信息。

Then, safety analysis method was constituted considered the typical damage of concrete beam bridge. 5. By amending the reduction rate of loading capacity used in Code for Maintenance of Highway Bridges and Culvers (JTG H11-2004), a new reliable index is presented in the same safety standard to reflect the relation between load and resistance. According to the basic principal of calibration method, the recommended gradation index was computed under various factors such as different load combinations, vehicle operating status and different failure modes. With these calculated numerical values, the calculated reliability indexes standard for the estimation of safety degree of in-service concrete girder bridge members was ultimately obtained.6. Based on the related standards and results on crack and displacement that cannot continue to loading at home and abroad, the evaluation grade of the concrete beam bridge is proposed by analogy.

针对材料和构件损伤对混凝土梁式桥抗力的影响，基于材料和构件层次典型损伤的修正计算公式，在结构既有以及时变抗力评估的概率模型基础上，通过误差传递公式获得抗力统计参数，对抗力进行修正，构成了考虑混凝土梁式桥典型损伤的安全性分析方法。5、依据校准法原理，将《公路桥涵养护规范》(JTG H11-2004)中不同类别承载力下降率转化为修改分项系数，分别计算了轴心受压、轴心受拉、受弯、大偏心受压、受剪构件在各种情况下的可靠指标，根据破坏类型对校准结果进行分析，提出了基于可靠度的公路混凝土梁式桥安全性评定等级。6、基于不能继续承载的裂缝和位移的相关国内外规范和研究成果分析，通过类比提出了混凝土梁式桥不能继续承载的裂缝和位移评定等级界限。

The crystalline defects of metallic substrate can promote the formation of multi-crystal thin films. In contrast, the films on the Si single crystal are basically amorphous; The hardness of films are mainly determined by N concentration. The highest hardnesses of Si〓N〓 and TiN films ware obtained at 1. 1 of N/Si and 0.96 of N/Ti respectively. The hardness of Si〓N〓 film decreased dramatically when the free silicon atoms present.

发现薄膜中N原子百分含量主要受氮离子束流和氮气分压的控制，随着氮离子束流和氮气分压的提高，N/Si和N/Ti原子比增加；膜的组织结构则主要受轰击离子束压和基体种类的影响，高的轰击束压可以抑制薄膜的择优取向，金属基体上的晶体缺陷使薄膜易于形成多晶，而单晶硅上的薄膜基本上为非晶态；薄膜的硬度受氮含量的影响最大。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。