受压

In addition, some experience formulas for them are regressed. The third chapter establishes a unified S-N curve equation to calculate multi-axial fatigue ultimate strength of concrete considering both the effect of confinement and minimum/maximum stress ratio, based on the triaxial fatigue test data in this paper and the test results under uniaxial and biaxial fatigue loading in previous literatures. Moreover, the consistency of calculating condition fatigue ultimate strength with fatigue life distribution and initial ultimate strength distribution is analyzed.

第二章简要地介绍了本文三轴疲劳试验装置，进行了两向等侧压约束下混凝土立方体试件三轴受压等幅和变幅疲劳试验，分析了三轴受压疲劳破坏机理，给出了相应的疲劳破坏试验判断标准；得到了混凝土在两向侧压约束下单级和多级受压疲劳的变形发展规律，包括最大纵向应变、残余应变、最大纵向应变率和疲劳变形模量等随循环次数的发展规律以及疲劳损伤的演变规律，并给出了相应的经验公式。

From press press reinforcing steel bar rustily the angle that causes concrete compressive strength to drop, of the concrete component that studied reinforcing steel bar of press press district is rustily suffer a turn to bear the weight of force, put forward the concrete component with rustily reinforcing steel bar of press press district to bear the weight of the computational model of force and computational method.

概要： 从受压钢筋锈蚀引起混凝土抗压强度下降的角度，探究了受压区钢筋锈蚀的混凝土构件的受弯承载力，提出了受压区钢筋锈蚀的混凝土构件承载力的计算模型和计算方法。

Its amount has relation with acting load. The influence on sectional curvature of bending components is the greatest one, the ultimate curvature of corroding section decrease obviously, and the sectional curvature increases rather sharply with the increase of rust rate during the process of corrosion. The anti-cracking capacity of prestressed bending R. C. components may be damage. For the convenience of engineering usage and damage evaluation of structure, this paper presents a concept of sectional damage coefficient on the foundation of experimental and treatment study.

试验与理论研究均表明，受压区钢筋锈蚀后对普通钢筋混凝土和预应力钢筋混凝土受弯构件的承载力影响均不大，但对构件的正常使用性能有较显著的影响，受压区钢筋锈蚀过程中，截面刚度有较显著的下降，挠度及受压区混凝土压应变随锈蚀量增加而增加，增加值与使用荷载大小有关；受弯构件的截面曲率所受影响最大，锈蚀后截面的极限曲率有明显的下降，在使用荷载作用下，截面曲率则随钢筋锈蚀量的增加而有较显著的增加；而预应力混凝土受弯构件的抗裂度会下降。

The Levy style Cable Dome model is made up of 〓5 tension piano-wires and 〓32×1 5 compressive steel pipes, distance between nodes and the tension force of cables is adjusted by screw up and down the turnbuckle The procedure of shaping up included four ways, and the loading included fully loaded and half loaded, to validate the influence of unconservative property, the author carried through the slack procedure and the unload procedure.

该Levy型索穹顶模型，以受拉的〓5高强钢丝和〓32×1.5受压钢管构成，节点间拉索的长度以及拉索的预拉力通过拧紧或放松花篮螺丝来调节。试验内容包括成形试验和承载力试验，成形试验尝试了四种不同的成形方法，为了考察结构非保守性的影响，每种成形方法成形后，还逆序进行了结构的松弛试验，荷载态试验包括均布荷载满载（即在所有压杆上部节点施加集中荷载）和半载（在结构1／2的压杆上部节点施加集中荷载）的加载和卸载时结构工作性能的测试。

On the basis of relative researches in the world, the hooping theory of CFST was deduced by use of energy principle and minimum potatial energy principle , moreover, use modified axial elastic modulus of steel tube and core concrete in order to reckon in the increase of CFST load-carrying capacity.

本文在国内外研究成果的基础上，利用能量法和最小势能原理导出了钢管混凝土结构的受箍机理和钢管、核心混凝土修正轴压弹性模量，进而修正了钢管混凝土修正轴压弹性模量并以此来计入钢管混凝土受压结构承载力的提高。

MRI in CSM group, however, showed different degrees of disc herniation and formation of osteophyma with membranous sac and spinal cord compression.

结果 非CSM者MRI表现出椎间盘变性或轻度突出、骨赘形成但不构成对脊髓压迫；CSM病例表现不同程度椎间盘突出、椎体后缘骨赘形成及硬膜囊和脊髓受压，其中69例（86.25%）脊髓受压，11例(13.75%)脊髓受压变性。

Exerting surrounding pressure can prevent crack growing in a uniaxially compressed concrete specimen. The behavior of concrete in which there is no crack propagation (called ideal state without damage growth) is researched in this paper.

通过对混凝土施加围压，使单轴受压混凝土的裂缝发展受到限制，从而研究混凝土在接近无裂纹发展状态下的受压性能。

ConclutionDTI may be more sensitive in pristine wallerian degeneration of spinal cord compression and can reflact the degree of injury of spinal cord compression.DTI is more precise checking method and can provide valuable information of quantization for earlier diagnosis of spinal cord compression in vivo.

结论磁共振弥散张量成像技术对脊髓受压损伤早期发生的华勒氏变性改变较敏感，并能反应其受压损伤程度，是目前早期活体诊断脊髓受压损伤比较准确的检查方法，对脊髓压迫症能提供有价值的量化信息。

A simplified mechanical model of a typical axially loaded sleeved compression member is introduced. Some reasonable constitutive relation curves of the inner steel tube are chosen for analyzing in two numerical examples. One is analysis on its axially loaded bearing capacity under different working conditions. The other is stability analysis of grid structure with SCM. The buckling control effect of the inner steel tube is evaluated with the outer steel tube applied in these conditions.

阐述了轴心受压情况下典型套管构件的简化力学模型，选择利用合理的套管构件内核本构关系，用2个算例（内核圆钢管不同工况下的轴压承载力分析和网架结构应用套管构件的稳定计算分析）分析了外钢管对轴心受压内钢管的失稳控制效果。

Then, safety analysis method was constituted considered the typical damage of concrete beam bridge. 5. By amending the reduction rate of loading capacity used in Code for Maintenance of Highway Bridges and Culvers (JTG H11-2004), a new reliable index is presented in the same safety standard to reflect the relation between load and resistance. According to the basic principal of calibration method, the recommended gradation index was computed under various factors such as different load combinations, vehicle operating status and different failure modes. With these calculated numerical values, the calculated reliability indexes standard for the estimation of safety degree of in-service concrete girder bridge members was ultimately obtained.6. Based on the related standards and results on crack and displacement that cannot continue to loading at home and abroad, the evaluation grade of the concrete beam bridge is proposed by analogy.

针对材料和构件损伤对混凝土梁式桥抗力的影响，基于材料和构件层次典型损伤的修正计算公式，在结构既有以及时变抗力评估的概率模型基础上，通过误差传递公式获得抗力统计参数，对抗力进行修正，构成了考虑混凝土梁式桥典型损伤的安全性分析方法。5、依据校准法原理，将《公路桥涵养护规范》(JTG H11-2004)中不同类别承载力下降率转化为修改分项系数，分别计算了轴心受压、轴心受拉、受弯、大偏心受压、受剪构件在各种情况下的可靠指标，根据破坏类型对校准结果进行分析，提出了基于可靠度的公路混凝土梁式桥安全性评定等级。6、基于不能继续承载的裂缝和位移的相关国内外规范和研究成果分析，通过类比提出了混凝土梁式桥不能继续承载的裂缝和位移评定等级界限。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。