取向

It is shown that the texture formation of as-spun fibers is very sensitive to the presence of high molecalar weight tail in the MWD of polypropylene resin. Under ordinary spinning conditions the as-spun fiber obtained from controlled degraded polypropylene resin showed smectic structure with low degree of oritation.

在通常的纺丝条件下，用控制降解的聚丙烯树脂纺得的卷绕丝具有低取向的次晶结构；而在相同的粘均分子量和纺丝条件下，高分子量尾端的存在使聚丙烯易于在纺丝线上生成结晶性较高的α-晶型，卷绕丝的取向也随高分子量尾端而显著增大。

The course that people are getting deeper and more complete cognition on women's school education reflects the transformation from the external and utilitarianism instrumental orien'tation of women concept to the internal value orientation which is publicizing women's subjectivity. It marked that people were developing from a closed, undirectional thinking model and a view of Chinese and western tradition against modern duality to an opening diversification and rationality.

人们对女子学校教育的认识不断加深、完整的过程，凸显出妇女观念从外在的、强调功利的工具性取向转变为内在的、张扬女性主体性的价值性取向，标志着人们正从一个封闭的单向思维模式及中与西、传统与现代二元对立的视域向开放的、多元化、理性化的方向发展。

Crystallization behavior of undrawn and hot drawm PET film with random orientation in chain segments and high orientation in the global sense has been compared using SAXS and WAXD.

采用小角和广角X-散射法比较了未拉和热拉PET膜在结晶性能方面的差别，热拉试样在分子链段的小尺度范围内基本上是无规取向，而在分子链的大尺度范围内却是高度取向的。

The infrared spectra of PET undrawn yarn,pre-oriented yarnand fully-drawn yarnwere re- corded with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and an infrared microscope.

利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和红外显微镜测定了涤纶的未完全拉伸丝、预取向丝、完全拉伸丝的红外光谱，测定了3种纤维的取向度、结晶度。

When the undrawn films were annealed atthose temperatures, the morphologies in the lamellar crystals had change. WAXDand iR studies shown that the crystallinities incrcand, dimensions in (002) and(020) normals increased while that in (200) fold had slight decreases. The rela-tionship between the orientation of the drawn UHMWPE gel-films and the struc-ture changes and the optimum drawing temperature had been disscussed.

通过IR及X－ray衍射等方法研究发现，拉伸前用不同温度退火处理后，凝胶膜的片晶微结构产生明显变化，在对应于超高拉伸温度范围内，其结晶度增加，微晶的c和b轴方向尺寸变大，而a轴方向的尺寸减小，从理论上对这一变化过程作了考察，并讨论了超高拉伸取向性与这些结构变化的关系以及可超拉伸取向性的最佳温度范围。

The fibrils of three levels,Which were macrofibrils of several tens micron in diameter,fibrils feW micron and microfibrils about 0.3 micron,were observed simultaneously with banded texture usingpolarized microscope.After annealing,fibrils in different levels relaxed to differentmorphology.Macrofibrils still oriented along shear direction,but fibrils relaxed to helical form,and microfibrils relaxed to waveform therefore the banded texture canbe seen.The smaller the diameter of fibrils was,the more easily the fibrils relaxed.Ori the other hand,the banded texture decoration of annealed unoriented filmsrevealed directly the distribution of directors within and out of domains and thevariation of directors on boundaries.

微纤分三个层次，即直径分别为数十微米的微纤束、数微米的微纤和0.3微米的亚微纤，退火后三个层次的微纤松弛成不同的形态，微纤束仍笔直沿剪切方向取向，微纤松弛成螺旋形，而亚微纤松弛成波浪形从而观察到条带织构：微纤直径越小越易松弛，另一方面，非取向态织构退火后由亚微纤形成的条带装饰结果直观地揭示了微区内外分子指向矢的分布和它们在边界上的变化。

Ostwald ripening is a key mechanism in the destabilization of emulsions (for example, by creaming and sedimentation).

同时最近几年，Banfiled又提出了一种新的晶体生长机制也能形成单晶结构，oriented attachment，多个取向不一致的单晶纳米颗，通过粒子的旋转，使得晶格取向一致，向后通过定向附着生长使这些小单晶生长成为一个大单晶，当然定向附着的过程出难免会出现一些位错和缺陷，这种生长机理形成的单晶的特点同Ostwald ripening不同，OR形成的单晶大多是规则的，给材料本身晶体结构相关，而OA形成的单晶结构在形貌上则没有限制，任何形状和结构的单晶材料都能通过此机理形成。

Liu Xing-long, writer of Hubei province, his fictions have distinct Taoist cultural meanings,which involves four aspects: enjoying the simple local civilization, detesting the modern civilization which dissimilates human nature, manifesting lenient ethical concept and adoring feminine.

摘 要：湖北作家刘醒龙的小说中内蕴着鲜明的道家文化取向，而这种文化取向贯穿在他的乡村、乡镇与都市工业题材的小说之中，主要体现在四个方面：对自然素朴的乡村文明的追慕、对异化人性的现代文明的厌弃、宽容因顺的道德观和女性崇拜。

SEM results revealed that the surface morphology of the electrodeposits with (220) texture obtained at 4.0 A·dm－2 appeared in network combined with needle crystals, and texture with (111) at 15.0 A·dm－2 in hexagonal pyramid.

SEM结果表明，在4.0和15.0 A·dm－2的电流密度下可分别获得(220)和(111)织构Cu沉积层，其表面形貌在(220)晶面取向时呈现为细长晶粒连结成的网状，在(111)取向时则呈六棱锥状。

We regard the power structure with parallel powers holding in play each other as the background and regard rules as the criterions, follow appropriate procedure and clear entity rule, regard a formalized and impersonalized spirit as guidance one, that is to say , regard form reason or the form justice as the value orientation.

我们可以这样塑造对个人行使公共权力的法律制约的价值取向，即以平行的权力相互牵制的权力结构为背景，以规则为准绳，遵循恰当的程序和明确的实体规则，以形式化的、非人格性精神为指导，也就是说，以形式理性或形式正义为价值取向。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。