取代剂

The ring-open nitration of propylene oxide compounds was investigated using dinitrogen pentoxide as nitrating agent.

并以N2O5为硝化剂考察了环氧丙烷类化合物开环硝化过程，探讨了取代基的电子效应和立体效应对环氧丙烷类化合物开环硝化过程的影响规律。

Substituted aromatic phosphate is one of the most important nucleating agents for polypropylene.

摘要取代芳基膦酸盐是最重要的聚丙烯成核剂之一。

Historically, oxygenates like MTBE were developed in the 1970s as octane enhancers to replace toxic additives like lead, which were phased out of gasoline.

从历史上看，甲基叔丁基醚含氧化合物一样制定了在20世纪70年代的辛烷值促进剂，以取代有毒添加剂，如铅，这是逐步淘汰汽油。

Fig.7 Effect of acid on the emulsifying property of PKGM and casein in oil and water emulsion (O/W=1︰9) B 0.02% PKGM,0% citric acid; C 0.02% PKGM,with 1% citric acid contained in the water phase pH 2.3;D 0.1% casein,0% citric acid; E 0.1% casein,with 1% citric acid in the water phase pH 2.3

综上所述，适宜取代度的PKGM具有较强的乳化能力和较好的乳化稳定性能，同时表现出良好的抗盐和抗酸性能，其乳化用量少约为0.02%左右，可望成为食品等工业中的一种高效能的大分子乳化剂。

March 1960, the Secretary for the successful development of a charcoal powder as the main raw materials of "603" drug-free carburizing agent for liquid carburizing, a domestic initiative and promote the use of the country, replacing imported products. 1978, the Division I-IF heat treatment of geological drilling results, the General Assembly by the National Science and Technology Award. November 1983, held in Shanghai in the third international material, heat treatment, when there are several hundred Chinese and foreign experts to the Division I visited. 1986, I was the Secretary for the first heat treatment in the production license. 1987, Secretary of precision gear chemical heat treatment projects, scientific and technological progress in the third place. 1989, I was named Division II national enterprises, is the same industry in the first. 1990, the multi-sensor film coating mouth heat treatment results in the revitalization of the first prize.

1960年3月，我司研制成功了以木炭粉为主要原料的&603&无毒渗碳剂，用于液体渗碳，属国内首创并在全国推广应用，取代进口产品。1978年，我司的地质钻管中频热处理成果，获全国科技大会奖。1983年11月，在上海召开的第三届国际材料热处理年会时，有几百名中外专家到我司参观。1986年，我司获市首批热处理生产许可证。1987年，我司的精密齿轮化学热处理项目，获市科技进步三等奖。1989年，我司被评为国家二级企业，是全国同行业中的第一家。1990年，感应胶片的多层涂布嘴热处理成果获市振兴一等奖。

Starch acetates with different degrees of substitution were synthesized by reaction of corn starch and acetic acid/acetic anhydride catalyzed with concentrated.

以浓硫酸作催化剂，玉米淀粉为原料，冰醋酸和醋酸配为改性剂，合成了不同取代度的玉米淀粉醋酸酯。

Due to the VDW interaction between R2 substituent and flavin ring of FAD, the docking complex of inhibitors to AHAS became more stable. It was assumed that the unfavorable electrostatic interaction between the inhibitors and TPP may be the factor which accelerates the degradation of TPP.

其中FAD的加入使AHAS与抑制剂的结合更加稳定，这主要是由于抑制剂的R2取代基与FAD中的平面基团Flavin环间存在的范德华相互作用所致；抑制剂与TPP间存在的静电相互作用可能是加速TPP降解的原因。

Ladies and gentlemen, since we have started our mission to diminish the use of dangerous biocides, we are widely considered as pioneers in the development of a revolutionary chlorine dioxide material being used for water disinfection and /or water treatment as an alternative to chlorine and chlorine-type disinfectants, which are detrimental to health and environment.

女士们，先生们，自从我们开始我们的使命，减少有害生物杀灭剂的使用，我们就带头开发含有二氧化氯的化学物质，并将之运用于水消毒和水处理中，以取代对健康和环境不利的氯气和氯基杀毒剂。

According to the study, classic synthetic sweeteners such as saccharin, cyclamate and aspartame still occupy a high percentage of the market, which is due overall to its low price and the difficulty of easily substituting these in many foods.

根据研究报道，人工甜味剂如糖精等还占据着市场的较高份额，这些全部可以归咎于这类产品的低价格因素，以及难于轻易取代该类产品的现状条件。

Separation of racemic mixtures of thirty-eight secondary aromatic alcohols and arylethanediols with different substituting group was achieved with HPLC by using Chiralcel OD and Chiralcel LJ as chiral stationary phase and hexane/2-propanol mixtures of different ratios as eluents. The chromatographic parameters of these racemates on OD and OJ columns were examined.

在ChiralcelOD和ChiralcelOJ两支多糖类手性固定相上，以各种不同配比的正己烷-异丙醇为洗脱剂对38种带有不同取代基的芳香仲醇及芳香乙二醇类手性化合物的对映体进行拆分，考察了这些外消旋体在这两支手性柱上的色谱行为。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。