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Objective:To assess the therapeutic effect of giant staghorn calculus. Methods:The data of 120 cases treated with on incision of intraremals were analyzed.

目的：探讨肾盂肾下盏联合切开取石术治疗巨鹿角形结石的疗效方法：采用肾盂肾下盏联合切开取石术治疗巨大鹿角形结石120例。

The results show that the dissolution of Ag was restrained by forming of a silver suboxide film on the surface under low oxidant concentration and atmospheric pressure conditions (e.g., in NH_3-O_2-H_2O system); when the concentration of oxidant was high enough (e.g., in NH_3-H_2O_2-H_2O system), the leaching process was carried out without forming of the film and the rate of dissolution of Ag was controlled by a step of mass transfer.

结果表明，在常压下氧化剂浓度低时(如在NH_3-O_2体系中)，浸取反应受在Ag表面上生成的氧化物膜所阻碍；而在浓度足够高的氧化剂时(如在NH_3-H_2O_2体系中)，浸取过程可在不生成氧化物膜的条件下进行，此时Ag的溶解速度受传质步骤控制。

However, the image-retrieving environment is so complicated, such like from a nature object to a variety of objects, from a light environment to a dark environment, or from a nature light to a daylight in office, the properties of objects, and the varieties of light sources and light intensities. These complex external image-retrieving environments let users can not get an accordant image quality. Such under a tungsten lamp, the image appears yellowish and reddish; under daylight in office, the image becomes greenish and bluish.

CCD Camera面对的是复杂的取像环境，从自然景物到各式各样的景物，从光亮环境到灰暗环境，或从自然光到办公室日光灯、景物的特性、光源的种类及光线的强弱，这些外在复杂的取像条件及变因往往让使用者无法得到相当一致的影像品质，如在钨丝灯下拍摄的影像，将产生偏黄、偏红效果的影像；在办公室的日光灯下将产生偏绿、偏蓝效果的影像。

It is proposed that the zero-point vibration term should be deleted in a thermal UEOS,and the parameters can not be directly taken as experimental data at a reference temperature,VR,BR,B′R and γGR,but their values at absolute zero temperature,V0,B0,B′0 and γG0.An approach is proposed to solve V0,B0,B′0 and γG0 from VR,BR,B′R and γGR.The approaches are applied to three typical universal EOSs,including the Baonza, mMNH and Vinet EOSs.

指出考虑热效应的通用状态方程中不应该包含零点振动项，方程参数不应该直接取为参考温度下的实验值VR、BR、B′R和γGR，而应该取为零温下的数值V0、B0、B′0和γG0；提出了一种从VR、BR、B′R和γGR求解V0、B0、B′0和γG0的方法。

The mice were sacrificed on 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28 days post-inoculation and then the hearts were aseptically removed. Pathological changes in the myocardium were observed by light microscopy and the expression of the CD4+ T lymphocyte in the myocardium was determined by immunohistochemistry. ResultsThe CD4+ T lymphocyte was found in the myocardium in the CVB3 infection group.

分别于接种病毒后第7、10、14、21、28d随机取正常对照组小鼠3只、病毒感染组小鼠8只断髓处死，无菌条件下取心脏，光镜下观察心肌组织的病理变化并计算心肌病理组织学积分，应用免疫组化方法检测CD4+ T细胞在心肌中的表达，并与心肌病理组织学积分作相关性分析。

In the paper, some factors influencing the effect of reduction including the anodic material, the cathodal material, the area ratio of cathode to anode and the kind of electrolyte have been investigated and screened out. The result showed that under the same reduction conditions, the reduction of Cr6+ has better effect to use lead-antimony alloy as anode, iron plate as cathode, which area ratio is 7:1 and potassium sulphate as electrolyte.

本文首先对影响电解还原效果的阳极材料、阴极材料、阴阳极面积比和支持电解质加入的种类等因素进行了研究筛选，结果表明：在同样电解还原条件下，实验中阳极采用铅-锑合金，阴极采用铁板，阴阳极面积比取7∶1，支持电解质取为硫酸钾时，具有较好的Cr~(6+)还原效果；同时在采用铅-锑合金作阳极的条件下，通过正交实验，对影响直接在碱性介质中电解还原低浓度含铬废水的其他因素进行了研究，即研究了在电化学还原过程中，Cr~(6+)的初始浓度、极板间距、支持电解质的加入量、搅拌情况等因素对还原效果的影响程度，确定出了主要的影响因素。

METHODS: The model of tissue damaged submandibular gland in 10 rats was made by deligation. One week later, the gland tissue was obtained to harvest submandibular gland stem/progenitor cells by enzyme digestion in vitro. Following 10-14 days of primary culture, small round cells were collected, purified and subcultured for monoclonal culture.

10只大鼠采用结扎下颌下腺主导管、抑制腺体分泌来建立组织损伤模型，1周后切取腺体组织，酶消化法体外分离下颌下腺干/祖细胞，原代培养10~14 d后，挑取培养皿中形成的小的类圆形、类上皮细胞集落予以纯化，传代后进行单克隆培养。

Results showed that optimal conditions for high content of ergothioneine were moisture content at 40%, temperature at 30℃and polished adlay as medium, cubation 17 days (574.0 mg/kg dw), biomass was 139.0 mg/g dw.

经探讨后，以含水量40%之薏仁於30 ℃下培养17天后之麦角硫因量最高，可达574.0 mg/kg dw，再添加酵母萃取物为氮源可提高麦角硫因到824.8 mg/kg dw，生物质为139.0 mg/g dw；以含水量45%之荞麦於30 ℃下培养17天后之麦角硫因含量最高，可达580.6 mg/kg dw，生物质为163.4 mg/g dw，添加酵母萃取物为氮源，麦角硫因含量可达651.6 mg/kg dw。

TyPe II collagen induced arthritisln the rat ank1e joint andoVathumin as antigen induced arthritis WA in the rabbit knee joint wereestab1ish2 Qualitative evaluation of me in skin, muscle, synovium, cedilagearound joint and blood was performed by OMA3 The CIA rats were treated on day 7 after hind paw swelling and erythemaAnimals were injected intravenously with ase at a dose of 10mg/kg,tWenty minuots 1ater, one ankle of the rats random1y assigned was exPosedlaser irradiation at l00J/cm fOr l000 seconds, and another ankle wasM grouP wihout laser The other two groups is unmanipulatedcontrol group and untreated CIA group Bimaleolar ankle widthmeasuremellts were taken in all animals every tWo days using amicrometer The histopathology of the ank1e Joint was assessed at day 21after disease onset4 The pro1iferating cell nuclear antigen WCNA of CIA treated by PDT andthe HMME group without laser was doterdrined by immunohistochemiStry5 The AfA rabbits were treated on day 7 after knee swelling and erythemaThe theraPy invo1ved lntravenous injection of l0mg/kg HMME, fOl1owedby 20 minues period in dim light, and transdermal light treatment with\l00 J/cm2 fOr l000 seconds The inner sides of the treated Anees wereirradiated at first, and then the outer side did 24 hours later, the synovialtissue of the Anees joint were removed and in situ cel1 aPoptosis wasdetCCted With tednal deoxync1eotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nickend labelingR6suIt8:l The pathologic changes of CIA and AIA include subsynovial inflammation,opovial hyPerplasia, pannus formation, cartilage and bone destructionresemble RA.2 The studies demonstrated that there are different uptake of HMME withinskin, muscle, synovium, cartilage and b1ood, and the synovium cou1draPidly uPtake more ase than skin and cartilage at the firSt 30 minuesaller intravenous injection of HMME3 The bimaleolar anke width had no different among PDT treated group,H group withollt 1aser and untreated CIA group But hlstologicalevaluation showed statiStical1y significallt reductions in synovialhyperplasia, pannus formation and cart1lage reosion, bone destruction andtotal score in PDT treated group4 Image analysis showed that the ratlo bforeen the areas of the coufltedobect to that of the entire area in PDTtreated grOup is lower than that in conirol group, but the integrated oPticaldensity had no different between the two groups5 Imape analysis showed that the ratio between the area of the countedobject to that of the e

治疗组在大鼠出现踝关节红肿后1周，炎症达到高峰时进行PDT治疗。随机治疗大鼠一侧的踝关节，另。2。一一侧作单纯HMME 对照。治疗方法是大鼠麻醉后尾静脉注入 HMME10ngkg，20分钟后踝关节照光，激光波长627.sum，功率密度 100mwcm'，照射时间1000秒，能量密度100）／。治疗后避光喂养72 小时。隔日一次测量大鼠的踝关节左右横径，治疗后两周取关节进行病理d 观察。 4。大鼠CIA模型用上述方法进行PDT治疗后，治疗组和单纯HMME 组用兔疫组化SP法检测石蜡切片的核增殖抗原。 5。兔AIA模型在关节炎出现第七天进行PDT治疗，随机治疗一侧膝关节，另一侧作自身对照。兔耳静脉注入I'arrainrelomg／Kg，20分钟后，膝关节用金蒸气激光照射，激光能量密度100）儿旷。24 ／J'时后取膝关节滑膜作病理检查，并用脱氧核昔酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法原位检测凋亡细胞。结果： 1。模型观察：CIA大鼠炎症高峰期滑膜下炎细胞浸润明显，滑膜细胞明显增殖，炎症达到高峰后二周，血管缀形成，并侵蚀和破坏软骨和骨， CIA模型病理改变与人类RA相似。兔AIA模型膝关节滑膜病理可见滑膜细胞增生，滑膜下炎细胞浸润，也与人类RA滑膜改变相似。 2。关节周围组织中光敏剂含量的测定结果表明，各组织对HMME 的吸收速度和吸收量不同，荧光值一时间曲线不同，滑膜组织比皮肤和软骨对 HMME的吸收多，在 2 0分钟时即有明显差异。 3.PDT对CIA模型的治疗结果表明：PDT治疗后关节炎组、单纯 HMME组和治疗组踝关节左右横径统计学检验差异没有显著性，但病理评分PDT治疗组滑膜增生、血管资形成及软骨破坏、骨破坏和总分比关节炎对照组和HMME对照组好，统计学检验差异有显著性。。3＿军医进修学院硕士学位论文中文摘要 4.PDT治疗组PCNA阳性细胞较对照组少，图像分析结果表明面密度（阳性染色的面积总和与统计视野面积的比值）治疗组小于对照组，统计学检验差异有显著性。。 5.PDT治疗组凋亡阳性细胞较对照组明显增多，图像分析结果单位视野内阳性细胞数和面密度PDT治疗组高于对照组，统计学检验差异有显著性。凋亡细胞核直径PDT治疗组较小，与对照组相比，统计学检验差异有显著性。结论：二。CIA、AIA的病理改变类似人类RA，可作为研究RA病因、发病机制、检查及治疗方法的模型。 2。各组织对HMME的吸收速度和吸收量不同，滑膜组织比皮。

Methods 101patients were enrolled to perform central venous catheter placement.The patients were taken hor-izontal position,retrosternal raised30°orientation,head faced to the left.The puncturing point lower1.5cm subclavian（at1/3between sternoclavicular joint and shoulder joint）,injector was directed toward laryngeal prominence,parellel and slowly puncturing.

101例锁骨下静脉置管患者均取平卧位，肩背部垫高30°，头向左侧，取胸锁关节至胸肩关节连线的1/3处，锁骨下缘1.5cm为穿刺进针点，右手持注射器于穿刺点朝喉结方向平行缓慢进针，置管深度为15cm。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。