发射

These results show that the dual fluorescence of 4-AHBO (5-AHBO) is produced by its different tautomers, hut not by the same isomer: the long wavelength emission is from the keto tautomer, and the short wavelength band is produced by four kinds of enol isomers.

结果表明，4-AHBO(5-AHBO)的双荧光不是由同一种异构体发射的，而是来源于不同异构体的发射：长波区的荧光由酮式构型发射，短波区的发射则可能由四种醇式异构体共同产生。

However, transmission rate and bit error rate are fixed in some communication systems.

实际的通信系统一般要求传输速率和误码率一定，提出的算法就以最小化发射功率为目标，在发射端自适应根据MIM0系统各个空间子信道的增益来分配传输比特、发射功率，最终获得好的频谱效率，并在满足通信系统要求的前提下，降低发射功率。

In the same way failure area is not single andis more complex with decrease of scale of specimens. And failure shape ismore close to quasi-brittle failure. It varies with homogeneousness that thescale of specimens at which failure shape changes.(3) The failure shape of homogeneous specimens with crack is controlledby crack. But that of heterogeneous specimens with crack is controlled bycrack and heterogeneousness.(4) Acoustic emission doesnt appear until homogeneous specimens fail.

但对于不同均质度，试件破坏形态发生变化的尺度也不同；(3)对于均质度较高的含裂纹试件，试件的破坏形态主要受裂纹控制，而对于均质度较差的含裂纹试件，试件的破坏形态由试件材料的非均匀性和裂纹共同控制；(4)均质度较高的试件，破坏前，试件内不出现声发射，破坏瞬间，声发射在某些部位同时出现，且随尺度增大，试件声发射能量增大，声发射区趋于集中。

The data symbols may be sent on orthogonal spatial channels with the eigenmode matrix, on different spatial channels with the steering matrix, or from different transmit antennas with the identity matrix.

数据符号可以用本征矩阵在正交空间信道上进行发射，用导引矩阵在不同的空间信道上进行发射，或用单位矩阵从不同的发射天线进行发射。

Specimens d 16 Mn steel were designed and machined based on the test standard. Fatigue test of these specimens were conducted on MIS 810 with three test protocols, and acoustic emission data were collected by LOCAN 320 to study the 16 Mn steel AE character during the fatigue test.

文章摘要：根据有关标准，设计加工了16Mn钢试样，并运用LOCAN 320声发射仪、MIS 810疲劳实验机和声发射传感器，用3种不同的试验方案，采集16Mn钢材料疲劳过程中的声发射（Acoustic Emission，AE）信号特征参数，用于分析其疲劳过程中的声发射特性。

Based on the rigorous analysis of the kinetic process of both primary and secondary electrons, the related surface charges were analyzed, and the energy gain of emitted electrons was proportional to the square of the ratio between the tangential and normal component of electric field. In this process, the image force of mirror charges would result in an energy loss. Meanwhile, the effect of field alternation of power frequency ac voltage on electron movement could be ignored.

在前人工作的基础上，进一步严格推导了场致一次发射电子和二次电子的运动方程，分析了电子发射引起的绝缘材料表面带电，表明电子发射后的能量增益正比于场强的切向与法向分量比值 F /// F ^的二次方；同时考虑了在电子发射和运动过程中电荷镜像力的作用，并探讨了交流电压下表面带电的情形，认为当考虑电荷镜像力的作用时，电子的能量增益可能变小，而工频交流电压下电场交变对电子运动的影响可以忽略。

In this paper, nanopowders of rare earth oxides and tungsten were prepared and 0-3 type nano-composit rare earth tungsten thermionic emission materials were fabricated with novel technics. The raw material selection, preparation technic parameter, structure, physical and chemical characteristic, the rare earth distribution and the emission behavior were studied. The influence between the active layer and the thermionic emission performance, rare earth elements diffusion and distribution along depth were investigated in detail. The surplus RE formation and the electron transfer were discussed in theoretically. The thermionic emission current density of the single surplus RE on the active layer was educed. We adopted "liquid-liquid mixing, freeze-drying and two stage-reduction" working step firstly to produce the RE-W nanopowders including La-W powder, Ce-W powder and Y-W powder.

本文采用细化显微组织的新工艺，制备了纳米稀土钨粉末和0-3型纳米复合稀土钨热电子发射材料，探讨研究其原料选择、制备工艺及参数、结构特征、物理和化学特性、稀土分布均匀性、以及热电子发射特性；系统研究了稀土元素的高温扩散情况、高温状态下活性层中稀土的纵向深度分布、以及表面活性物质和活性层厚度对热发射性能的作用；从理论上分析阐释了超额稀土的形成及其电子的传递过程；并从理论上推导了活性层中单个超额稀土的热电子发射电流密度。

In order to discuss the possibility of torpedo(diameter: 534 mm) swim-out launching by the submarine torpedo tube in service, an interior trajectory model was set up in consideration of different resistances and the fact that the area ratio of the circular clearance cross-section of torpedo tube in service to the torpedo cross-section is small. The pressure difference of seawater compensation was defined and added to the model as a resistance parameter, and the launching process was analyzed.

为探讨现役潜艇鱼雷发射管自航发射534口径鱼雷的可能性，针对现役发射管环形间隙截面积与鱼雷横截面之比较小的实际情况，综合考虑了各种阻力的影响，分析了等截面管自航发射过程，定义并引入了补水压差作为阻力因素，重新建立了内弹道模型。

When the thin film field electron emission site density surpasses 106 sites/cm^2, the numerical value of the emission sites has combined to a plane, which is undistinguishable by naked eye.

当薄膜场电子发射点密度在场发射器件全部发射区域内都超过10^6sites／cm^2时，肉眼将无法在屏幕上分辨出各个发射点，此时电子发射点已连成肉眼无法分辨出的面，也就是说这时单纯从场发射均匀性上来讲，场发射器件已达到可以应用的程度。

Objective:to probe the application on the hearing screening of the neonatus by transcience otoacoustic emission.methods: to undertakethe hearing screening of the neonatus by transcience otoacoustic emission of 2 100 neonatus from 2006.1~2006.12.results: 2 058 (98.4%) full-term newborn infants pass the transience otoacoustic emission once and 33(1.6%) full-term newborn infants can not pass it once.9(77.8%) premature infants pass the transience otoacoustic emission once and 2 premature infants can not pass it once.conclusion: the transience otoacoustic emission is worth to application because it has non-wound, fast, objective merit.

目的：探讨观察瞬态耳声发射在新生儿听力筛查中的应用。方法：对2006年1月~2006年12月2 100例新生儿利用瞬态耳声发射进行听力筛查的资料进行分析。结果：2 091例足月新生儿中，一次通过瞬态耳声发射进行听力筛查 2 058例，占98.4%，未通过33例，占1.6%，早产儿9例中，一次通过检测7例，占77.8%，未通过2例，占22.2%。全部未通过新生儿检查abr，确诊有异常15例，正常7例。结论：瞬态耳声发射具有无创伤、快速、客观、敏感度高等优点，值得在新生儿听力筛查中广泛推广应用。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。