发声的

BACKGROUND: The mechanism of spasmodic dysphonia is still unclear and lacks of confirmed diagnostic standards. Limited reports on the treatment mainly focused on botulinum toxin infiltration; recurrent laryngeal nerve section, and voice training, amongst which voice training has been considered as one of the ideal complementary therapeutic means for SD because of less side effects and complications.

背景：目前痉挛性发声障碍病因不明，缺乏统一明确的诊断标准，故治疗较为困难，关于该病的治疗有限的报道主要是喉部肉毒杆菌毒素注射，喉返神经切断，发声语言训练等，其中后一种方法无副作用及并发症，是较为理想的治疗及辅助治疗手段之一。

Kristin Linklater Voice Training System is a popular training approach in modern European and American theatre, which was distinguished of seeking characteristic voice of performers.

Kristin Linklater发声训练体系是当代欧美戏剧领域风靡的发声训练体系，以寻找"私人的"——个性化的声音著称；它在探索过程中积累了大量的理论和实践经验。

Constitutes a dialect and accent of the country's cultural diversity, but also in speech sounds is different, and those who repeat years of bad pronunciation accent affecting primary and middle school students develop scientific habits of a great sound barrier, making the scientific voice require long-term, systematic and scientific training.

方言和乡音构成了全国文化的多元化，同时在语音发音上也都有所不同，而那些重复多年的不良的口音发音是影响中小学生养成科学发声习惯的一个巨大障碍，使得科学发声需要长期、系统、科学的训练。

Animal's sound has rich information. Animal's health status and adaption for environment can be fed back from vocalism. Vocalization has been the important way for measuring animal welfares.

动物的发声包含丰富的信息，能够在一定程度上反馈其自身机体状况及对环境的应激情况，因此发声已成为评价动物福利的一个重要参考指标。

In order to explore the principle of sound of the cricket's different sounds,we regarded adult Gryllus bimachlatus as experiment materials,recorded and analyzed with the sounds acquisition software Cool-edit 2000,took photographs in random to record changes of position of cricket's wings,measure and analyze angles between the wing and the body when the cricket send out different sounds,and reseach the vocalism's structure of the cricket's different sound.

为探索蟋蟀不同鸣叫声的发声原理，以双斑蟋成虫为实验材料，用Cool-edit2000声音采集软件记录、分析，同时用数码照像机抓拍蟋蟀各种鸣叫瞬间的翅膀位置，分析测量不同鸣叫声时翅膀与身体所成的角度，对蟋蟀的三种不同鸣叫声的发声结构进行了研究。

In this study, we hoped to clarify the mechanisms of pitch control in the pneumatic artificial larynx. METHODS: Three fluent Mandarin speakers using pneumatic artificial larynx devices were studied following total laryngectomies. They were asked to produce sounds in different pitches by following scales upward and downward.

使用气动式人工喉的音调控制，只能透过呼出气流通过橡皮膜片下压力的大小来控制振动的基本频率，本研究即在探讨橡皮膜片振动频率是否也像声带振动一样受到橡皮膜片驱动压力的影响，测量喉全切除患者在使用气动式人工喉发声时之橡皮膜片驱动压力和声音基本频率，并探讨此些病人在发声时之音调控制的原理。

But the fact is that the definitions and classifications of the above-mentioned three ways of singing can be further discussed. These three ways of singing have the common features: they share the same vocalizing principle, i. e. the scientific vocalization is applied to the singing.

而事实上，三种唱法的定义和分类有待商榷，因为三种唱法间存有许多的共同点，其发声原理是一致的，即都是运用科学的发声方法进行歌唱。

These authors were impressed with the exceptionally well-differentiated system of double vocal cords (homologous to man's true and false cords) as well as with animal's delicate arytenoids cartilages (for the homologous structure and its function in phonation see Fig. 2. 15),which indicate an ability to control and adjust the tension of the cords during phonation.

这些作家对异常分化良好的双声带系统（与人类真的及人造的声带同源）及动物精美的杓状软骨；杓状软骨在发声时可以控制及调整声带的张力（同源结构及发声功能见图2.15 ）有极深的印象。

The characteristics of the inner flow field and outer sound field of a pneumatic valve sound generator is analyzed with its theoretical model,numerical simulation and experimental results.

在对气动阀门发声器的工作过程进行描述基础上，通过理论分析和数值计算与实验相结合的方法，分析了气动阀门发声器的内部流场和外部声场的特征。

Goldschmidt, currently the chair of the intellectual property practice group at Dilworth Paxon LLP in Philadelphia, came across an advertisement for Walker's course in a trade magazine as he was looking to fulfill his mandatory 12 annual credits of continuing education; although he admits his motivation for enrolling was tied to that fact that it was a Friday class that fit into his timetable.

约翰-戈尔德施密特是16年前由工程师改行当律师的；今年初，他参加了沃尔克的&一日培训班&后，深有体会地说，他从这里学到的呼吸与发声技术有用极了，如今他经常使用它，因为&无论在庭审或其他洽商会议上，如果发声方法不对头，效果就会打折扣。&

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。